The Effect of Aluminosilicates on the Intumescent Ammonium Polyphosphate-Pentaerythritol Flame Retardant Systems: An X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study

2001 ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqi Wang ◽  
Ping Wei ◽  
Jianwei Hao
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Ammonium Polyphosphate—Polyurethane System used as Fire-Retardant Additive in EVA

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Duquesne ◽  
Michel Le Bras ◽  
René Delobel ◽  
Giovanni Camino ◽  
Léon Gengembre
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel Arginine-Based Flame Retardant and Its Application in Lyocell Fabric

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Jiayi Chen ◽  
Yansong Liu ◽  
Jiayue Zhang ◽  
Yuanlin Ren ◽  
Xiaohui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test ◽  
Before And After

Lyocell fabrics are widely applied in textiles, however, its high flammability increases the risk of fire. Therefore, to resolve the issue, a novel biomass-based flame retardant with phosphorus and nitrogen elements was designed and synthesized by the reaction of arginine with phosphoric acid and urea. It was then grafted onto the lyocell fabric by a dip-dry-cure technique to prepare durable flame-retardant lyocell fabric (FR-lyocell). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated that the flame retardant was successfully introduced into the lyocell sample. Thermogravimetric (TG) and Raman analyses confirmed that the modified lyocell fabric featured excellent thermal stability and significantly increased char residue. Vertical combustion results indicated that FR-lyocell before and after washing formed a complete and dense char layer. Thermogravimetric Fourier-transform infrared (TG-FTIR) analysis suggested that incombustible substances (such as H2O and CO2) were produced and played a significant fire retarding role in the gas phase. The cone calorimeter test corroborated that the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) declined by 89.4% and 56.4%, respectively. These results indicated that the flame retardancy of the lyocell fabric was observably ameliorated.

Oxidation of Si(100) in nitric oxide at low pressures: An x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study

1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kamath ◽  
D. L. Kwong ◽  
Y. M. Sun ◽  
P. M. Blass ◽  
S. Whaley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Pressures
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