Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonate Functional Polymers

1998 ◽  
pp. 303-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean C. Webster ◽  
Allen L. Crain
Keyword(s):  
Functional Polymers ◽  
Cyclic Carbonate

SuFExable Polymers with Helical Structures Derived from Thionyl Tetrafluoride (SOF4)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhua Li ◽  
Gencheng Li ◽  
Bing Gao ◽  
Sidharam P. Pujari ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Polymers ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
Polymer Backbone ◽  
Silyl Ethers ◽  
Helical Polymer ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Post Modification ◽  
Individual Polymer

The first SuFEx click chemistry synthesis of SOF<sub>4</sub>-derived copolymers based upon the polymerization of bis(iminosulfur oxydifluorides) and bis(aryl silyl ethers) is described. This novel class of SuFEx polymer presents two key characteristics: First, the newly created [-N=S(=O)F-O-] polymer backbone linkages are themselves SuFExable and primed to undergo further high-yielding and precise SuFEx-based post-modification with phenols or amines to yield branched functional polymers. Second, studies of individual polymer chains of several of these new materials indicate the presence of helical polymer structures, which itself suggests a preferential approach of new monomers onto the growing polymer chain upon the formation of the stereogenic linking moiety.

Sustainable Solid Catalysts for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis from CO2 and Epoxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 681-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Dong Lang ◽  
Xiao-Fang Liu ◽  
Liang-Nian He
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Carbonate ◽  
Solid Catalysts

Participation of 19-ester groups in the cleavage of 2α,3α- and 5α,6α-steroid epoxides. A case of competition between participation and external nucleophile attack

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1496-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kočovský ◽  
Václav Černý
Keyword(s):  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Hydrobromic Acid ◽  
Ester Group ◽  
Carbonyl Oxygen ◽  
Cyclic Carbonate ◽  
Cyclic Ether ◽  
Normal Reaction ◽  
Neighboring Group ◽  
Ether Oxygen ◽  
The Difference

Acid cleavage of the acetoxy epoxide IIIa with aqueous perchloric acid or hydrobromic acid gave two types of products, i.e. the diol Va or the bromohydrin VIa, and the cyclic ether VIII. The latter compound arises by participation of ether oxygen of the ester group. On reaction with perchloric acid the epoxide IVa gave the diol XIIIa as a product of a normal reaction and the isomeric diol Xa as a product arising by intramolecular participation of the carbonyl oxygen of the 19-acetoxy group. Participation of the 19-ester group is confirmed by the formation of the cyclic carbonate XI when the 19-carbonate IVb is treated analogously. On reaction with hydrobromic acid, the epoxide IVa gave solely the bromohydrin XIVa as a product of the normal reaction course. Discussed is the similarity of these reactions with electrophilic additions to the related 19-acetoxy olefins I and II, the mechanism, the difference in behavior of both epoxides III and IV, the dependence of the product ratio on the nucleophility of the attacking species, and the competition between participation of an ambident neighboring group and an external nucleophile attack.

scholarly journals Highly Efficient MOF Catalyst Systems for CO2 Conversion to Bis-Cyclic Carbonates as Building Blocks for NIPHUs (Non-Isocyanate Polyhydroxyurethanes) Synthesis

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Adolfo Benedito ◽  
Eider Acarreta ◽  
Enrique Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Molar Mass ◽  
Cycloaddition Reaction ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Cyclic Carbonate ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Cyclic Carbonates ◽  
High Molar Mass ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Free Process

The present paper describes a greener sustainable route toward the synthesis of NIPHUs. We report a highly efficient solvent-free process to produce [4,4′-bi(1,3-dioxolane)]-2,2′-dione (BDC), involving CO2, as renewable feedstock, and bis-epoxide (1,3-butadiendiepoxide) using only metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts and cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a co-catalyst. This synthetic procedure is evaluated in the context of reducing global emissions of waste CO2 and converting CO2 into useful chemical feedstocks. The reaction was carried out in a pressurized reactor at pressures of 30 bars and controlled temperatures of around 120–130 °C. This study examines how reaction parameters such as catalyst used, temperature, or reaction time can influence the molar mass, yield, or reactivity of BDC. High BDC reactivity is essential for producing high molar mass linear non-isocyanate polyhydroxyurethane (NIPHU) via melt-phase polyaddition with aliphatic diamines. The optimized Al-OH-fumarate catalyst system described in this paper exhibited a 78% GC-MS conversion for the desired cyclic carbonates, in the absence of a solvent and a 50 wt % chemically fixed CO2. The cycloaddition reaction could also be carried out in the absence of CTAB, although lower cyclic carbonate yields were observed.

Polybenzoxazine intrinsically installed N-methylpyridinium iodide functions efficient organocatalyst for CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonate

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 110397
Author(s):  
Tianfo Guo ◽  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
Zhenjiang Li ◽  
Haoying Tong ◽  
Luoyu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Cyclic Carbonate
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