Psychophysical Scaling and Optimization of Odor Mixtures

1981 ◽  
pp. 23-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOWARD R. MOSKOWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Odor Mixtures

Magnitude Estimation and Cross-Modal Matching of Lingual Vibrotactile and Auditory Sensation

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Thenar Eminence ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Scaling Methods ◽  
Response Biases

The present experiment was a preliminary attempt to use the psychophysical scaling methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching to investigate suprathreshold judgments of lingual vibrotactile and auditory sensation magnitudes for 20 normal young adult subjects. A 250-Hz lingual vibrotactile stimulus and a 1000-Hz binaural auditory stimulus were employed. To obtain judgments for nonoral vibrotactile sensory magnitudes, the thenar eminence of the hand was also employed as a test site for 5 additional subjects. Eight stimulus intensities were presented during all experimental tasks. The results showed that the slopes of the log-log vibrotactile magnitude estimation functions decreased at higher stimulus intensity levels for both test sites. Auditory magnitude estimation functions were relatively constant throughout the stimulus range. Cross-modal matching functions for the two stimuli generally agreed with functions predicted from the magnitude estimation data, except when subjects adjusted vibration on the tongue to match auditory stimulus intensities. The results suggested that the methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching may be useful for studying sensory processing in the speech production system. However, systematic investigation of response biases associated with vibrotactile-auditory psychophysical scaling tasks appears to be a prerequisite.

Glomerular activation patterns and the perception of odor mixtures

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2676-2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Grossman ◽  
Atul K. Mallik ◽  
Jessica Ross ◽  
Leslie M. Kay ◽  
Naoum P. Issa
Keyword(s):  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Odor Mixtures

ODOR MIXTURES AND CHEMOSENSORY ADAPTATION IN GAS SENSOR ARRAYS

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO GUTIERREZ-OSUNA ◽  
NILESH U. POWAR
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Chemical Sensor Array ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Olfactory Systems ◽  
Odor Mixtures ◽  
Input Adaptation

Inspired by the process of olfactory adaptation in biological olfactory systems, this article presents two algorithms that allow a chemical sensor array to reduce its sensitivity to odors previously detected in the environment. The first algorithm is based on a committee machine of linear discriminant functions that operate on multiple subsets of the overall sensory input. Adaptation occurs by depressing the voting strength of discriminant functions that display higher sensitivity to previously detected odors. The second algorithm is based on a topology-preserving linear projection derived from Fisher's class separability criteria. In this case, the process of adaptation is implemented through a reformulation of the between-to-within-class scatter eigenvalue problem. The proposed algorithms are validated on two datasets of binary and ternary mixtures of organic solvents using an array of temperature-modulated metal-oxide chemoresistors.

Psychophysical Scaling of Circular Vection (CV) Produced by Optokinetic (OKN) Motion: Individual Differences and Effects of Practice

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Kennedy ◽  
Lawrence J. Hettinger ◽  
Deborah L. Harm ◽  
J. Mark Ordy ◽  
William P. Dunlap
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Circular Vection ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling

scholarly journals Widespread inhibition, antagonism, and synergy in mouse olfactory sensory neurons in vivo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Inagaki ◽  
Ryo Iwata ◽  
Masakazu Iwamoto ◽  
Takeshi Imai
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Odor Mixtures ◽  
The Brain

SUMMARYSensory information is selectively or non-selectively inhibited and enhanced in the brain, but it remains unclear whether this occurs commonly at the peripheral stage. Here, we performed two-photon calcium imaging of mouse olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in vivo and found that odors produce not only excitatory but also inhibitory responses at their axon terminals. The inhibitory responses remained in mutant mice, in which all possible sources of presynaptic lateral inhibition were eliminated. Direct imaging of the olfactory epithelium revealed widespread inhibitory responses at OSN somata. The inhibition was in part due to inverse agonism toward the odorant receptor. We also found that responses to odor mixtures are often suppressed or enhanced in OSNs: Antagonism was dominant at higher odor concentrations, whereas synergy was more prominent at lower odor concentrations. Thus, odor responses are extensively tuned by inhibition, antagonism, and synergy, at the early peripheral stage, contributing to robust odor representations.

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