Regulation of Phospholipase D2:  Selective Inhibition of Mammalian Phospholipase D Isoenzymes by α- and β-Synucleins†

Biochemistry ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 4901-4909 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Jenco ◽  
Andrew Rawlingson ◽  
Brenda Daniels ◽  
Andrew J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Phospholipase D2

scholarly journals Phospholipase D2 Mediates Acute Aldosterone Secretion in Response to Angiotensin II in Adrenal Glomerulosa Cells

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 2162-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Qin ◽  
Michael A. Frohman ◽  
Wendy B. Bollag
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Cell Interior ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Phospholipase D2 ◽  
Glomerulosa Cells

In primary bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells, the signaling enzyme phospholipase D (PLD) is suggested to mediate priming, the enhancement of aldosterone secretion after pretreatment with and removal of angiotensin II (AngII), via the formation of persistently elevated diacylglycerol (DAG). To further explore PLD’s role in priming, glomerulosa cells were pretreated with an exogenous bacterial PLD. Using this approach, phosphatidic acid (PA) is generated on the outer, rather than the inner, leaflet of the plasma membrane. Although PA is not readily internalized, the PA is nonetheless rapidly hydrolyzed by cell-surface PA phosphatases to DAG, which efficiently flips to the inner leaflet and accesses the cell interior. Pretreatment with bacterial PLD resulted in priming upon subsequent AngII exposure, supporting a role of DAG in this process, because the increase in DAG persisted after exogenous PLD removal. To determine the PLD isoform mediating aldosterone secretion, and presumably priming, primary glomerulosa cells were infected with adenoviruses expressing GFP, PLD1, PLD2, or lipase-inactive mutants. Overexpressed PLD2 increased aldosterone secretion by approximately 3-fold over the GFP-infected control under basal conditions, with a significant enhancement to about 16-fold over the basal value upon AngII stimulation. PLD activity was also increased basally and upon stimulation with AngII. In contrast, PLD1 overexpression had little effect on aldosterone secretion, despite the fact that PLD activity was enhanced. In both cases, the lipase-inactive PLD mutants showed essentially no effect on PLD activity or aldosterone secretion. Our results suggest that PLD2 is the isoform that mediates aldosterone secretion and likely priming.

scholarly journals Phospholipase D2, a distinct phospholipase D isoform with novel regulatory properties that provokes cytoskeletal reorganization

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Colley ◽  
Tsung-Chang Sung ◽  
Richard Roll ◽  
John Jenco ◽  
Scott M. Hammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Cytoskeletal Reorganization ◽  
Phospholipase D2 ◽  
Regulatory Properties

scholarly journals Organization and alternative splicing of the murine phospholipase D2 gene

1998 ◽  
Vol 331 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga E. REDINA ◽  
Michael A. FROHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Phospholipase D2 ◽  
Alternatively Spliced ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Phospholipase D (PLD) catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine, generating phosphatidic acid and choline. Mammalian PLD activity derives from a family of membrane-associated enzymes that are activated by a wide variety of signal transduction events. cDNA species encoding human, mouse and rat PLD1 and PLD2 have recently been reported. In this study we undertook to determine the organization of the mouse PLD2 gene. We report that the gene spans 17.1 kb and contains 25 exons. Mouse PLD2 is notable for a relatively GC-rich and large 5´ untranslated region. Proximal promoter sequences upstream of the first exon contain several consensus SP1 sequences (GGGCGG) but lack TATA and CAAT boxes. Finally, alternatively spliced cDNA species identified for PLD1 and PLD2 are discussed in the context of the PLD2 genomic organization.

scholarly journals Phospholipase D Transduces Force to TREK-1 Channels in a Biological Membrane

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nicholas Petersen ◽  
Manasa Gudheti ◽  
Mahmud Arif Pavel ◽  
Keith R. Murphy ◽  
William W. Ja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Biological Membrane ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Chemical Signal ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Phospholipase D2 ◽  
Mechanosensitive Ion Channel ◽  
Genetic Deletion ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Mechanical Transduction

AbstractThe transduction of force into a biological signal is critical to all living organisms. Recently, disruption of ordered lipids has emerged as an ‘atypical’ force sensor in biological membranes; however, disruption has yet to link with canonical channel mechanosensation. Here we show that forceinduced disruption and lipid mixing activates TWIK-related K+ channel (TREK-1), and that this activation is dependent on phospholipase D2 (PLD2). PLD2 transduces the force into a chemical signal phosphatidic acid (PA) that is then sensed by TREK-1 with a latency of <3 ms. TREK-1 then produces a mechanically induced change in membrane potential. Hence, in a biological membrane, we show the ordered lipid is the force sensor, PLD2 is a chemical transducer, and the ‘mechanosensitive’ ion channel TREK-1 is a downstream effector of mechanical transduction. Confirming this central role for PA singling in force transduction, genetic deletion of PLD decreases mechanosensitivity and pain thresholds in D. melanogaster.

Stroma-derived factor 1alpha induces a selective inhibition of human erythroid development via the functional upregulation of Fas/CD95 ligand

2000 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Gibellini ◽  
Alessandra Bassini ◽  
Maria Carla Re ◽  
Cristina Ponti ◽  
Sebastiano Miscia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Cd95 Ligand ◽  
Erythroid Development

Increased response preparation overshadows neurophysiological evidence of proactive selective inhibition.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil M. Drummond ◽  
Erin K. Cressman ◽  
Anthony N. Carlsen
Keyword(s):  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Response Preparation

Selective inhibition of chemokine CCL2/MCP-1 reduces experimental pulmonary hypertension

Pneumologie ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kosanovic ◽  
BK Dahal ◽  
C Vroom ◽  
E Bieniek ◽  
H Ardeschir Ghofrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Selective Inhibition
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