Steroidogenic Factor 1-Dependent Promoter Activity of the Human Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR) Gene†

Biochemistry ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (28) ◽  
pp. 9052-9059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruo Sugawara ◽  
John A. Holt ◽  
Marianthi Kiriakidou ◽  
Jerome F. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory ◽  
Star Gene

scholarly journals Salt-Inducible Kinase Is Involved in the ACTH/cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Signaling in Y1 Mouse Adrenocortical Tumor Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-zi Lin ◽  
Hiroshi Takemori ◽  
Yoshiko Katoh ◽  
Junko Doi ◽  
Nanao Horike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Side Chain Cleavage ◽  
Chain Cleavage ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory

Abstract The involvement of salt-inducible kinase, a recently cloned protein serine/threonine kinase, in adrenal steroidogenesis was investigated. When Y1 mouse adrenocortical tumor cells were stimulated by ACTH, the cellular content of salt-inducible kinase mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity changed rapidly. Its level reached the highest point in 1–2 h and returned to the initial level after 8 h. The mRNA levels of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, on the other hand, began to rise after a few hours, reaching the highest levels after 8 h. The salt-inducible kinase mRNA level in ACTH-, forskolin-, or 8-bromo-cAMP-treated Kin-7 cells, mutant Y1 with less cAMP-dependent PKA activity, remained low. However, Kin-7 cells, when transfected with a PKA expression vector, expressed salt-inducible kinase mRNA. Y1 cells that overexpressed salt-inducible kinase were isolated, and the mRNA levels of steroidogenic genes in these cells were compared with those in the parent Y1. The level of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 mRNA in the salt-inducible kinase-overexpressing cells was markedly low compared with that in the parent, while the levels of Ad4BP/steroidogenic factor-1-, ACTH receptor-, and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-mRNAs in the former were similar to those in the latter. The ACTH-dependent expression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450- and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-mRNAs in the salt-inducible kinase-overexpressing cells was significantly repressed. The promoter activity of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 gene was assayed by using Y1 cells transfected with a human cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 promoter-linked reporter gene. Addition of forskolin to the culture medium enhanced the cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 promoter activity, but the forskolin-dependently activated promoter activity was inhibited when the cells were transfected with a salt-inducible kinase expression vector. This inhibition did not occur when the cells were transfected with a salt-inducible kinase (K56M) vector that encoded an inactive kinase. The salt-inducible kinase’s inhibitory effect was also observed when nonsteroidogenic, nonAd4BP/steroidogenic factor-1 -expressing, NIH3T3 cells were used for the promoter assays. These results suggested that salt-inducible kinase might play an important role(s) in the cAMP-dependent, but Ad4BP/steroidogenic factor-1-independent, gene expression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 in adrenocortical cells.

Regulation of expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene: A central role for steroidogenic factor 1

Steroids ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruo Sugawara ◽  
Marianthi Kiriakidou ◽  
Jan M. McAllister ◽  
John A. Holt ◽  
Futoshi Arakane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory ◽  
Star Gene

scholarly journals Porcine and Bovine Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR) Gene Expression during Gestation1

Endocrinology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Pilon ◽  
Isabelle Daneau ◽  
Chantal Brisson ◽  
Jean-François Ethier ◽  
Jacques G. Lussier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory ◽  
Star Gene

scholarly journals Long-term hypoxia represses the expression of key genes regulating cortisol biosynthesis in the near-term ovine fetus

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. R1707-R1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean A. Myers ◽  
Kimberly Hyatt ◽  
Malgorzata Mlynarczyk ◽  
Ian M. Bird ◽  
Charles A. Ducsay
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Acth Receptor ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory

Basal plasma ACTH1–39 concentrations are elevated in long-term hypoxic (LTH) fetal sheep. This study was designed to determine whether the expression of genes regulating cortisol biosynthesis was altered after LTH. Pregnant ewes were maintained at high altitude (3,820 m) from day 30 of gestation to near term, when the animals were transported to the laboratory. Reduced Po2 was maintained by nitrogen infusion through a maternal tracheal catheter. On days 137–141, fetal adrenal glands were collected from LTH and normoxic control fetuses. Real-time PCR was used to quantify mRNA for steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17), 21-hydroxylase (CYP21), cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II (HSD3B2), and the ACTH receptor. We analyzed mRNA by slot-blot hybridization and also quantified mRNA for transcription factors necessary for adrenocortical development by quantitative real-time PCR: steroidogenic factor 1 and dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenital, critical region on the X chromosome (DAX-1). Protein was quantified by Western blot analysis. Adrenal mRNAs for CYP17, CYP11A1, and the ACTH receptor were significantly reduced in LTH fetal sheep compared with levels shown in controls. Similarly, CYP11A1 protein and CYP17 protein were reduced in the LTH group. CYP21, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, HSD3B2, steroidogenic factor 1, and DAX-1 expressions were not altered in response to LTH. We conclude that expression of two key steroidogenic enzymes (CYP17, CYP11A1) regulating cortisol biosynthesis and the ACTH receptor is lower in response to LTH. This likely represents an adaptive response to LTH, to prevent excessive cortisol production that would restrict fetal growth and potentially induce preterm delivery.

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