Chemical Structure and Function of the Active Center of Acetylcholinesterase*

The study of the structure and function of bovine pancreatic carboxypeptidase A has a long historical record which began in 1937 with the isolation of the crystalline enzyme by Anson (1937). Although the literature of this exopeptidase has been reviewed on several occasions (Neurath & Schwert 1950; Smith 1951; Neurath 1960; Vallee 1964; Neurath, Bradshaw, Ericsson, Babin, Petra & Walsh 1968; Vallee & Riordan 1968; Lipscomb, Hartsuck, Reeke, Quiocho, Ludwig, Steitz & Bethge 1968), nevertheless, it seems appropriate at the outset of a conference on carboxypeptidase to review in brief the major contributions that have been made over the years to the study of the structure and function of this enzyme, as summarized in table 1.

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On the structure and function of the active center of the NAD-Linked hydrogenase fromAlcaligenes eutrophus H16

The Science of Nature ◽

10.1007/bf01141874 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

K. Schneider ◽

A. Erkens ◽

A. M�ller

Keyword(s):

Active Center ◽

Structure And Function ◽

And Function

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Plasticizers Derived from Biomass Resources: A Short Review

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym10121303 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1303 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Puyou Jia ◽

Haoyu Xia ◽

Kehan Tang ◽

Yonghong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Short Review ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Different Types ◽

Biomass Resources ◽

New Ideas ◽

And Function

With rising environmental concerns and depletion of petrochemical resources, biomass-based chemicals have been paid more attention. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plasticizers derived from biomass resources (vegetable oil, cardanol, vegetable fatty acid, glycerol and citric acid) have been widely studied to replace petroleum-based o-phthalate plasticizers. These bio-based plasticizers mainly include epoxidized plasticizer, polyester plasticizer, macromolecular plasticizer, flame retardant plasticizer, citric acid ester plasticizer, glyceryl ester plasticizer and internal plasticizer. Bio-based plasticizers with the advantages of renewability, degradability, hypotoxicity, excellent solvent resistant extraction and plasticizing performances make them potential to replace o-phthalate plasticizers partially or totally. In this review, we classify different types of bio-based plasticizers according to their chemical structure and function, and highlight recent advances in multifunctional applications of bio-based plasticizers in PVC products. This study will increase the interest of researchers in bio-based plasticizers and the development of new ideas in this field.

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Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100102213 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Peter Sterling

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cells ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Synaptic Connections ◽

Visual Axis ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Cat Retina ◽

Ultrathin Sections ◽

And Function ◽

Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

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