Molecular control of membrane properties during temperature acclimation. Fatty acid desaturase regulation of membrane fluidity in acclimating Tetrahymena cells

Biochemistry ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (24) ◽  
pp. 5218-5227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Martin ◽  
Kayoko Hiramitsu ◽  
Yasuo Kitajima ◽  
Yoshinori Nozawa ◽  
Lars Skriver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Molecular Control

Molecular control of membrane properties during temperature acclimation. Membrane fluidity regulation of fatty acid desaturase action?

Biochemistry ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (24) ◽  
pp. 5228-5233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiko Kasai ◽  
Yasuo Kitajima ◽  
Charles E. Martin ◽  
Yoshinori Nozawa ◽  
Lars Skriver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Molecular Control

scholarly journals Effect of high levels of CO2 and O2 on membrane fatty acid profile and membrane physiology of meat spoilage bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kolbeck ◽  
Hermine Kienberger ◽  
Karin Kleigrewe ◽  
Maik Hilgarth ◽  
Rudi F. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Meat Spoilage ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Membrane Physiology

AbstractThe membrane is the major protective barrier separating the cell from the environment and is thus important for bacteria to survive environmental stress. This study investigates changes in membrane lipid compositions and membrane physiology of meat spoiling bacteria in response to high CO2 (30%) and O2 (70%) concentrations, as commonly used for modified atmosphere packaging of meat. Therefore, the fatty acid profile as well as membrane fluidity, permeability and cell surface were determined and correlated to the genomic settings of five meat spoiling bacteria Brochothrix (B.) thermosphacta, Carnobacterium (C.) divergens, C. maltaromaticum, Leuconostoc (L.) gelidum subsp. gelidum and L. gelidum subsp. gasicomitatum cultivated under different gas atmospheres. We identified different genomic potentials for fatty acid adaptations, which were in accordance with actual measured changes in the fatty acid composition for each species in response to CO2 and/or O2, e.g., an increase in saturated, iso and cyclopropane fatty acids. Even though fatty acid changes were species-specific, the general physiological responses were similar, comprising a decreased membrane permeability and fluidity. Thus, we concluded that meat spoiling bacteria facilitate a change in membrane fatty acids upon exposure to O2 and CO2, what leads to alteration of membrane fluidity and permeability. The observed adaptations might contribute to the resistance of meat spoilers against detrimental effects of the gases O2 and CO2 and thus help to explain their ability to grow under different modified atmospheres. Furthermore, this study provides fundamental knowledge regarding the impact of fatty acid changes on important membrane properties of bacteria.

scholarly journals Rearing temperature and fatty acid supplementation jointly affect membrane fluidity and heat tolerance inDaphnia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Martin-Creuzburg ◽  
B.L. Coggins ◽  
D. Ebert ◽  
L.Y. Yampolsky
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Homeoviscous Adaptation ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Adaptation Hypothesis

AbstractThe homeoviscous adaptation hypothesis states that the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreases in the membrane phospholipids of ectothermic organisms at higher temperatures to maintain vital membrane properties. We hypothesized that the well-documented reduced heat tolerance of cold-rearedDaphniais due to the accumulation of PUFA in their body tissues and that heat-rearedDaphniacontain reduced amounts of PUFA even when receiving a high dietary supply of PUFA. InDaphniareared at 15°C, supplementation of a PUFA-deficient food with the long-chain PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of EPA in body tissues and a decrease in heat tolerance. However, the same was observed inDaphniareared at 25°C, indicating that the ability of heat-acclimatedDaphniato adjust EPA body concentrations is limited when exposed to high dietary EPA concentrations.Daphniareared at 25°C showed the lowest change in membrane fluidity, measured as fluorescence polarization. ForDaphniareared at three different temperatures, thermal tolerance (time to immobility at a lethally high temperature) and increasing dietary EPA concentrations correlated with fluorescence polarization and the degree of fatty acid unsaturation. Overall, our results support the homeoviscous adaptation hypothesis by showing that cold-rearedDaphnia,which accumulate PUFA within their tissues, are more susceptible to heat than hot-rearedDaphnia,which contain less PUFA.

scholarly journals TILLING-by-Sequencing+ Reveals the Role of Novel Fatty Acid Desaturases (GmFAD2-2s) in Increasing Soybean Seed Oleic Acid Content

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1245
Author(s):  
Naoufal Lakhssassi ◽  
Valéria Stefania Lopes-Caitar ◽  
Dounya Knizia ◽  
Mallory A. Cullen ◽  
Oussama Badad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Tilling By Sequencing

Soybean is the second largest source of oil worldwide. Developing soybean varieties with high levels of oleic acid is a primary goal of the soybean breeders and industry. Edible oils containing high level of oleic acid and low level of linoleic acid are considered with higher oxidative stability and can be used as a natural antioxidant in food stability. All developed high oleic acid soybeans carry two alleles; GmFAD2-1A and GmFAD2-1B. However, when planted in cold soil, a possible reduction in seed germination was reported when high seed oleic acid derived from GmFAD2-1 alleles were used. Besides the soybean fatty acid desaturase (GmFAD2-1) subfamily, the GmFAD2-2 subfamily is composed of five members, including GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E. Segmental duplication of GmFAD2-1A/GmFAD2-1B, GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2D/GmFAD2-2C have occurred about 10.65, 27.04, 100.81, and 106.55 Mya, respectively. Using TILLING-by-Sequencing+ technology, we successfully identified 12, 8, 10, 9, and 19 EMS mutants at the GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E genes, respectively. Functional analyses of newly identified mutants revealed unprecedented role of the five GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E members in controlling the seed oleic acid content. Most importantly, unlike GmFAD2-1 members, subcellular localization revealed that members of the GmFAD2-2 subfamily showed a cytoplasmic localization, which may suggest the presence of an alternative fatty acid desaturase pathway in soybean for converting oleic acid content without substantially altering the traditional plastidial/ER fatty acid production.

scholarly journals Menaquinone-mediated regulation of membrane fluidity is relevant for fitness of Listeria monocytogenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Flegler ◽  
Vanessa Kombeitz ◽  
André Lipski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Adaptation Effect ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Lower Growth

AbstractListeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen with the ability to grow at low temperatures down to − 0.4 °C. Maintaining cytoplasmic membrane fluidity by changing the lipid membrane composition is important during growth at low temperatures. In Listeria monocytogenes, the dominant adaptation effect is the fluidization of the membrane by shortening of fatty acid chain length. In some strains, however, an additional response is the increase in menaquinone content during growth at low temperatures. The increase of this neutral lipid leads to fluidization of the membrane and thus represents a mechanism that is complementary to the fatty acid-mediated modification of membrane fluidity. This study demonstrated that the reduction of menaquinone content for Listeria monocytogenes strains resulted in significantly lower resistance to temperature stress and lower growth rates compared to unaffected control cultures after growth at 6 °C. Menaquinone content was reduced by supplementation with aromatic amino acids, which led to a feedback inhibition of the menaquinone synthesis. Menaquinone-reduced Listeria monocytogenes strains showed reduced bacterial cell fitness. This confirmed the adaptive function of menaquinones for growth at low temperatures of this pathogen.

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