Membrane interactions of rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase: role of polar head groups

Biochemistry ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 6603-6608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bellur Seetharam ◽  
Chinnaswamy Tiruppathi ◽  
David H. Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Membrane Interactions ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Polar Head ◽  
Head Groups

THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION: IV. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PROTEINS ON LEVELS OF THE ENZYME IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Nester Dickie
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Egg Albumin

Fasted adult male rats were used to study the effect of dietary proteins on intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Groups of animals were offered one of several proteins; lactalbumin, egg albumin, zein, gelatin, wheat gluten, casein, and vitellin. Control animals had cellulose fed to them. The rats were sacrificed six hours after they were given the different diets. Alkaline phosphatase determinations with intestinal homogenates indicated that the two phosphoproteins, casein and vitellin, elevated levels of the enzyme significantly above fasting levels. Possible interpretations of these findings are discussed.

Polar head groups are important for barrier-protective effects of oxidized phospholipids on pulmonary endothelium

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (4) ◽  
pp. L924-L935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna A. Birukova ◽  
Panfeng Fu ◽  
Santipongse Chatchavalvanich ◽  
Dylan Burdette ◽  
Olga Oskolkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidized Phospholipids ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Polar Head ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Head Groups ◽  
Stimulation Of

We have previously described protective effects of oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (OxPAPC) on pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) barrier function and demonstrated the critical role of cyclopentenone-containing modifications of arachidonoyl moiety in OxPAPC protective effects. In this study we used oxidized phosphocholine (OxPAPC), phosphoserine (OxPAPS), and glycerophosphate (OxPAPA) to investigate the role of polar head groups in EC barrier-protective responses to oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs). OxPAPC and OxPAPS induced sustained barrier enhancement in pulmonary EC, whereas OxPAPA caused a transient protective response as judged by measurements of transendothelial electrical resistance (TER). Non-OxPLs showed no effects on TER levels. All three OxPLs caused enhancement of peripheral EC actin cytoskeleton. OxPAPC and OxPAPS completely abolished LPS-induced EC hyperpermeability in vitro, whereas OxPAPA showed only a partial protective effect. In vivo, intravenous injection of OxPAPS or OxPAPC (1.5 mg/kg) markedly attenuated increases in the protein content, cell counts, and myeloperoxidase activities detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid upon intratracheal LPS instillation in mice, although OxPAPC showed less potency. All three OxPLs partially attenuated EC barrier dysfunction induced by IL-6 and thrombin. Their protective effects against thrombin-induced EC barrier dysfunction were linked to the attenuation of the thrombin-induced Rho pathway of EC hyperpermeability and stimulation of Rac-mediated mechanisms of EC barrier recovery. These results demonstrate for the first time the essential role of polar OxPL groups in blunting the LPS-induced EC dysfunction in vitro and in vivo and suggest the mechanism of agonist-induced hyperpermeability attenuation by OxPLs via reduction of Rho and stimulation of Rac signaling.

THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION I. THE KINETICS OF PHOSPHATASE ACTION ON VARIOUS SUBSTRATES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Neil B. Madsen ◽  
Jules Tuba
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Egg Lecithin ◽  
Michaelis Constants ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The kinetics of intestinal alkaline phosphatase action on sodium β-glycerophosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, and egg lecithin have been studied and compared. The Michaelis constants indicate that the enzyme shows considerably less affinity for lecithin than for the other two substrates, and the approximate ratio of activity with lecithin, glucose 6-phosphate, and sodium β-glycerophosphate is 11 : 78.5 : 100. The energies of activation for the hydrolysis of the three substrates do not differ appreciably and the average energy of activation is 14,500 calories per gram-mole. The similarity of the energies of activation together with results from inhibition studies indicate that in all probability the same enzyme is responsible for the release of inorganic phosphorus from each of the three substrates.

Self-assembled structures formed by a wedge-shaped molecule in 2D and 3D: the role of flexible side chains and polar head groups

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1444-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Zhu ◽  
Ahmed Mourran ◽  
Uwe Beginn ◽  
Martin Möller ◽  
Denis V. Anokhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Chains ◽  
Polar Head ◽  
Head Groups ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
2D And 3D

The Protective Role of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase in Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
J.S. Whitehouse ◽  
K.M. Riggle ◽  
D.P. Purpi ◽  
A.N. Mayer ◽  
K.A. Pritchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

W1548 Role of Lysophosphatidylcholine in Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Release and Restoration

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-689
Author(s):  
Takanari Nakano ◽  
Ikuo Inoue ◽  
David H. Alpers ◽  
Rina Shinozaki ◽  
Jonathan D. Kaunitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

Role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in calcium absorption

Bone ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
L.R. Brun ◽  
D. Lescano ◽  
S. Roma ◽  
J.L. Millán ◽  
A. Rigalli
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

scholarly journals Intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity as a molecular marker of enterotoxicity induced by single dose of 5-fluorouracil and protective role of orally administered glutamine

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katica Bajin-Katic ◽  
Karmen Stankov ◽  
Matilda Djolai ◽  
Zoran Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background. One of the critical limitations for the administration of the chemotherapy is the toxicity affecting normal tissue. The main target organs for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity in humans and experimental animals are the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and skin. The cytotoxic effects of antimetabolite chemotherapy are based on their role as substrates for the same transport processes and enzymes involved in anabolism and catabolism as the natural substrates. The main goal of our study was to analyze the dose-dependent antiproliferative effects of 5-FU on intestinal mucosa, enterotoxic potential of 5-FU in experimental animals and to test possible protective role of glutamine. Methods. In our study, we used Sprague Dawley rats. The control group of rats included 50 animals, while the groups where either 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone or 5-FU and glutamine were administered included 200 animals. All experimental animals were further stratified according to the experimental model (25 animals in each of 8 experimental subgroups of animals). The 5-FU was administered by intraperitoneal application in single dose of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg of 5-FU per kg of body weight. Water solution of 1% glutamine was prepared daily and administered orally, in volume of 200 ml, for 7 days continuously, after the 7th day of 5-FU administration. Experimental animals were sacrificed 7 days after the administration of 5-FU. The isolation of enterocytes was performed according to the method of Kralovansky et al. In cell homogenate obtained by described method, we determined the protein content using the Biuret method and the DNA content using the Burton reagent. The activities of enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined by kinetic method. All paraffin samples of the small intestine were stained by haematoxiline and eosine(HE method). All the experiments were done in duplicate and analyzed by standard statistical methods. All the experiments were done in duplicate and analyzed by standard statistical methods. Results: Our results of enterotoxicity induced by intraperitonealy administered 5-FU showed statistically significant decrease of DNA content in small intestine samples of experimental animals, decrease in activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase enzyme and the increase in glutathione-dependent enzymes. The glutamine supplementation reduced 5-FU intestinal toxicity. Conclusion: Intestinal alkaline phosphatase is a good marker of the dose-dependent enterotoxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil.

scholarly journals Role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in intestinal mucosal barrier

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (23) ◽  
pp. 1441-1445
Author(s):  
Jun Wan ◽  
Zhong Tian ◽  
Bai-Yu Yao ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
Jing-Ni He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Barrier
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