Identification of the chloride-binding site in the human red and green color vision pigments

Biochemistry ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2125-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyan Wang ◽  
Ana B. Asenjo ◽  
Daniel D. Oprian
Keyword(s):  
Binding Site ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Chloride Binding ◽  
Green Color

scholarly journals The Molecular Genetics and Evolution of Red and Green Color Vision in Vertebrates

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 1697-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shozo Yokoyama ◽  
F Bernhard Radlwimmer
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Sciurus Carolinensis ◽  
Cave Fish ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Astyanax Fasciatus

Abstract To better understand the evolution of red-green color vision in vertebrates, we inferred the amino acid sequences of the ancestral pigments of 11 selected visual pigments: the LWS pigments of cave fish (Astyanax fasciatus), frog (Xenopus laevis), chicken (Gallus gallus), chameleon (Anolis carolinensis), goat (Capra hircus), and human (Homo sapiens); and the MWS pigments of cave fish, gecko (Gekko gekko), mouse (Mus musculus), squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), and human. We constructed these ancestral pigments by introducing the necessary mutations into contemporary pigments and evaluated their absorption spectra using an in vitro assay. The results show that the common ancestor of vertebrates and most other ancestors had LWS pigments. Multiple regression analyses of ancestral and contemporary MWS and LWS pigments show that single mutations S180A, H197Y, Y277F, T285A, A308S, and double mutations S180A/H197Y shift the λmax of the pigments by −7, −28, −8, −15, −27, and 11 nm, respectively. It is most likely that this “five-sites” rule is the molecular basis of spectral tuning in the MWS and LWS pigments during vertebrate evolution.

scholarly journals Cone Photoreceptor Structure in Patients With X-Linked Cone Dysfunction and Red-Green Color Vision Deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 3853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Patterson ◽  
Melissa Wilk ◽  
Christopher S. Langlo ◽  
Melissa Kasilian ◽  
Michael Ring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Cone Photoreceptor ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Cone Dysfunction

Red-Green Color Vision, Defects

2018 ◽  
pp. 1499-1501
Author(s):  
Niloofar Yari ◽  
Sumayya J. Almarzouqi ◽  
Michael L. Morgan ◽  
Andrew G. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Vision Defects ◽  
Vision Defects

scholarly journals Interpretation of Lanthony Desaturated Panel D-15 Test in Anomalous Trichromats with Congenital Red-green Color Vision Defects

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Miyazaki ◽  
Teiko Kashiwada ◽  
Takaaki Hayashi ◽  
Takaaki Kitakawa ◽  
Akiko Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Vision Defects ◽  
Vision Defects

Spectral tuning of pigments underlying red-green color vision

Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 252 (5008) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Neitz ◽  
J Neitz ◽  
G. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Spectral Tuning ◽  
Green Color

Red-Green Color Vision, Defects

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Niloofar Yari ◽  
Sumayya J. Almarzouqi ◽  
Michael Morgan ◽  
Andrew G. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Vision Defects ◽  
Vision Defects

scholarly journals Red-Green Color Vision Impairment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
Marcelo Fernandes Costa ◽  
Andre Gustavo Fernandes Oliveira ◽  
Claudia Feitosa-Santana ◽  
Mayana Zatz ◽  
Dora Fix Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Vision Impairment

Repeatability indices for the Farnsworth D-15 test

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFERY K. HOVIS ◽  
SHANKARAN RAMASWAMY ◽  
MATTHEW ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Vision Defect ◽  
Vision Defect ◽  
Subject Pool ◽  
Color Vision Test ◽  
Test Result

The repeatability of the D-15 color-vision test is considered to be excellent. However, this conclusion is based on a subject pool which contained a large percentage of color-normals. This type of sampling could bias the repeatability results because color-normals rarely fail the test. Furthermore, color-normals usually do not perform the D-15 in the clinical setting. To establish the repeatability of the D-15 for a relevant clinical population, we examined the D-15 results from two different sessions for 116 subjects who had a congenital red–green color-vision defect. The kappa coefficient for intersession agreement indicated that approximately 84% of the subjects obtained the same pass/fail results at both sessions. The type of defect was repeatable on approximately 80% of the subjects. Although the repeatability of the D-15 for color-defective subjects was good, it was lower than the near-perfect agreement reported previously. The coefficients of repeatability for the crossings show that if a person makes less than five crossings then the test should be administered again in order to ensure that the test result is repeatable.

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