Current Density and Electrode Structure in Fuel Cells

1969 ◽  
pp. 116-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. LIEBHAFSKY ◽  
E. J. CAIRNS ◽  
W. T. GRUBB ◽  
L. W. NIEDRACH
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrode Structure

scholarly journals Cellulose Derived Graphene/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Anode for Energy Generation and Bioremediation of Toxic Metals via Benthic Microbial Fuel Cells

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Asim Ali Yaqoob ◽  
Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim ◽  
Khalid Umar ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Bhawani ◽  
Anish Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Modified Graphene

Benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFCs) are considered to be one of the eco-friendly bioelectrochemical cell approaches nowadays. The utilization of waste materials in BMFCs is to generate energy and concurrently bioremediate the toxic metals from synthetic wastewater, which is an ideal approach. The use of novel electrode material and natural organic waste material as substrates can minimize the present challenges of the BMFCs. The present study is focused on cellulosic derived graphene-polyaniline (GO-PANI) composite anode fabrication in order to improve the electron transfer rate. Several electrochemical and physicochemical techniques are used to characterize the performance of anodes in BMFCs. The maximum current density during polarization behavior was found to be 87.71 mA/m2 in the presence of the GO-PANI anode with sweet potato as an organic substrate in BMFCs, while the GO-PANI offered 15.13 mA/m2 current density under the close circuit conditions in the presence of 1000 Ω external resistance. The modified graphene anode showed four times higher performance than the unmodified anode. Similarly, the remediation efficiency of GO-PANI was 65.51% for Cd (II) and 60.33% for Pb (II), which is also higher than the unmodified graphene anode. Furthermore, multiple parameters (pH, temperature, organic substrate) were optimized to validate the efficiency of the fabricated anode in different environmental atmospheres via BMFCs. In order to ensure the practice of BMFCs at industrial level, some present challenges and future perspectives are also considered briefly.

Pt–WOx electrode structure for thin-film fuel cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Won Park ◽  
Kwang-Soon Ahn ◽  
Jong-Ho Choi ◽  
Yoon-Chae Nah ◽  
Young-Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrode Structure

Combined neutron radiography and locally resolved current density measurements of operating PEM fuel cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Hartnig ◽  
I. Manke ◽  
N. Kardjilov ◽  
A. Hilger ◽  
M. Grünerbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Density Measurements

Effect of Bi-Layer Interconnector Design on the Current Density of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyang Chen ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Qiuwang Wang ◽  
Min Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Porous Anode

The concentration gradient of fuel and oxidant gas is great in the plane normal to the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) three-phase-boundary (TPB) layer, especially in the porous electrode. We present a novel interconnector design, termed bilayer interconnector, for SOFC. It can distribute the fuel and air gas in the plane normal to the SOFC TPB layer. In this paper, we develop a 3D model to study the current density of the SOFC with conventional and novel bi-layer interconnectors. The numerical results show that the novel SOFC design Rib1 can slightly enhance the mass transfer in the porous anode and current density. The novel SOFC design Rib2 can improve the current density significantly under low electrical conductivity of interconnector.

scholarly journals Homogenization of current density of PEM fuel cells by in-plane graded distributions of platinum loading and GDL porosity

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 699-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xing ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Prodip K. Das ◽  
Keith Scott ◽  
Weidong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Platinum Loading

Determination of Factors Governing Degradation of Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells as Influenced by Current Density and Humidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128
Author(s):  
Riyan Achmad Budiman ◽  
Katherine Develos Bagarinao ◽  
Tomohiro Ishiyama ◽  
Toshiaki Yamaguchi ◽  
Haruo Kishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel

Determination of Factors Governing Degradation of Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells as Influenced by Current Density and Humidity

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-03 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Riyan Achmad Budiman ◽  
Katherine Develos Bagarinao ◽  
Tomohiro Ishiyama ◽  
Toshiaki Yamaguchi ◽  
Haruo Kishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel

scholarly journals Integrated Anode Electrode Composited Cu–Sn Alloy and Separator for Microscale Lithium Ion Batteries

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxia Liu ◽  
Kai Jiang ◽  
Shuting Yang
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Electrode Structure ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Anode Electrode ◽  
Integrated Anode ◽  
A Current

A novel integrated electrode structure was designed and synthesized by direct electrodepositing of Cu–Sn alloy anode materials on the Celgard 2400 separator (Cel-CS electrode). The integrated structure of the Cel-CS electrode not only greatly simplifies the battery fabrication process and increases the energy density of the whole electrode, but also buffers the mechanical stress caused by volume expansion of Cu–Sn alloy active material; thus, effectively preventing active material falling off from the substrate and improving the cycle stability of the electrode. The Cel-CS electrode exhibits excellent cycle performance and superior rate performance. A capacity of 728 mA·h·g−1 can be achieved after 250 cycles at the current density of 100 mA·g−1. Even cycled at a current density of 5 A·g−1 for 650 cycles, the Cel-CS electrode maintained a specific capacity of 938 mA·h·g−1, which illustrates the potential application prospects of the Cel-CS electrode in microelectronic devices and systems.

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Miniaturized Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Pei-Wen Li ◽  
Qing-Ming Wang ◽  
Laura Schaefer ◽  
Minking K. Chyu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Free Convection ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Ohmic Loss ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

Two types of miniaturized PEM fuel cells are designed and characterized in comparison with a compact commercial fuel cell device in this paper. One has Nafion® membrane electrolyte sandwiched by two brass bipolar plates with micromachined meander-like gas channels. The cross-sectional area of the gas flow channel is approximately 250 by 250 (μm). The other uses the same Nafion® membrane and anode structure, but in stead of the brass plate, a thin stainless steel plate with perforated round holes is used at cathode side. The new cathode structure is expected to allow oxygen (air) being supplied by free-convection mass transfer. The characteristic curves of the fuel cell devices are measured. The activation loss and ohmic loss of the fuel cells have been estimated using empirical equations. Critical issues such as flow arrangement, water removing and air feeding modes concerning the fuel cell performance are investigated in this research. The experimental results demonstrate that the miniaturized fuel cell with free air convection mode is a simple and reliable way for fuel cell operation that could be employed in potential applications although the maximum achievable current density is less favorable due to limited mass transfer of oxygen (air). The relation between the fuel cell dimensions and the maximum achievable current density is also discussed with respect to free-convection mode of air feeding.

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