One-Pot Synthesis of Dendritic Gold Nanostructures in Aqueous Solutions of Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Surfactants: Effects of the Head Group and Hydrocarbon Chain Length

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 4665-4671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deping Huang ◽  
Yuanyuan Qi ◽  
Xiangtao Bai ◽  
Lijuan Shi ◽  
Han Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Gold Nanostructures ◽  
Head Group ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Surfactants

STABILITY OF COLLOIDAL ALUMINA DISPERSION IN AQUEOUS ALKYL SULFATE SOLUTIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAOXIAN SONG ◽  
YIMIN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Alkyl Sulfate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sulfate Concentration ◽  
Sulfate Solutions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Sulfates

Coagulation of colloidal alumina in aqueous solutions in the absence or presence of alkyl sulfates has been studied by means of measurements of electrokinetics, adsorption, and coagulate size in this work. The experimental results showed that the coagulation of colloidal alumina in aqueous alkyl sulfate solutions was much stronger than that in aqueous electrolytic solutions. It closely correlated with particle hydrophobicity rendered by the adsorption of alkyl sulfate anions on alumina/water interfaces, indicating hydrophobic coagulation. Also, it has been found that the hydrocarbon chain length of alkyl sulfate strongly influences the hydrophobic coagulation. The longer the chain, the stronger the coagulation and the lower the alkyl sulfate concentration needed for achieving the maximum coagulation degree.

Synthesis of ω-Hydroxy Quaternary Ammonium Bolaform Surfactants

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim W. Davey ◽  
Alan R. Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity

Several members of a novel class of w-substituted asymmetric bolaform surfactants have been synthesized in order to investigate their surfactant and biological properties. The ω-hydroxy trialkylammonium and pyridinium surfactants have significant antimicrobial and antifungal activity relative to their conventional analogues. For conventional quaternary ammonium alkyl surfactants, increasing the hydrocarbon chain length causes a decrease in the surfactant monomer solubility and a corresponding decrease in the biological activity. No such trend is observed for the ω-hydroxy quaternary ammonium bromide series.

scholarly journals Emulsifiers from renewable materials: an eco-friendly synthesis and properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Szeląg ◽  
Elwira Sadecka ◽  
Roman Pawłowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Kuziemska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Emulsion System ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Polyglycerol Ester ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
Modification Of The Surface

The focus of this study was the preparation of novel bio based polyglycerol emulsifiers characterized by a one pot synthesis, thus by modified properties with respect to interfacial activity and effectiveness as emulsion stabilizers. The final products of the esterification process, carried out in the presence of carboxylates were used directly as emulsifiers (without purification or fractionation). Polyglycerol emulsifiers obtained in proposed conditions can be tailored to stabilize the defined emulsion system. The modification of the surface activity of emulsifiers may be obtained by programming the fatty acid acyl group in the polyglycerol ester as well as the hydrocarbon chain length in sodium soap and concentration of this compound in the reaction mixture.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cationic Surfactants on Rutile

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-407
Author(s):  
Ajay K. Vanjara ◽  
Sharad G. Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Cohesive Energy ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Aggregation Number ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aggregation Phenomena ◽  
Good Agreement

The adsorption and zeta potential of two series of cationic surfactants, i.e. alkyltrimethylammonium bromide and alkylpyridinium chloride, on rutile have been studied. The two series varied only in their hydrocarbon chain length. The effect of chain length on the lateral two-dimensional aggregation phenomena of surfactant molecules on the rutile surface has been explained by evaluating various thermodynamic parameters such as the effective number of CH2 groups removed from the aqueous environment on to the solid surface (dn/d In C), the mean cohesive energy per CH2 group (Φ) and the average mean aggregation number of the hemimicelle (nhm). The value of the mean cohesive energy in the case of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.599 kcal/mol) is in very good agreement with literature values. It supports hemimicellar formation.

Conductometric study of hydrophobic interactions in aqueous solutions of double long-chain electrolytes

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Oakenfull ◽  
DE Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain Length ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chains ◽  
Methylene Groups ◽  
Conductometric Study

We report measurements of the equivalent conductance (Λ) of aqueous solutions of a series of decyl- and hexadecyl-trimethylammonium carboxylates (acetate to undecanoate). In the decyl series, measurements were made on both sides of the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The CMC decreased when the hydrocarbon chain length of the carboxylate ion increased. In the hexadecyl series, measurements were confined to micellar solutions. ��� The results obtained below the CMC suggest that hydrophobic interaction between the hydrocarbon chains of decyltrimethylammonium undecanoate, decanoate, and nonanoate leads to the formation of ion- pairs. There was no evidence, however, for formation of ion-pairs by the shorter carboxylates. ��� By assuming that micellar ions obey the Onsager equation, we have derived a theoretical relationship between Λ and concentration above the CMC. An excellent fit of theoretical curve to experimental points can be obtained by adjusting the value of a single parameter. This parameter is {(m+1)/n}Kmic (where Kmic is the association constant for binding the carboxylate ion to the micelle and m/n is the ratio of tetra-alkylammonium ions to carboxylate ions in the micelle). ��� Plots of -RT ln[{(m+1)/n}Kmic] against the number of methylene groups on the carboxylate ion are linear for both series, which suggests that m/n is independent of the chain length of the carboxylate ion. Both lines have a slope equal to N�methy and Scheraga's estimate of the free energy of hydrophobic interaction between two methylene groups (-1.40 kJ/mol).

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