Multiomics Study of Bacterial Growth Arrest in a Synthetic Biology Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Ropers ◽  
Yohann Couté ◽  
Laëtitia Faure ◽  
Sabrina Ferré ◽  
Delphine Labourdette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Growth Arrest

scholarly journals RelA-SpoT Homologue toxins pyrophosphorylate the CCA end of tRNA to inhibit protein synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuaki Kurata ◽  
Tetiana Brodiazhenko ◽  
Sofia Raquel Alves Oliveira ◽  
Mohammad Roghanian ◽  
Kathryn Jane Turnbull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
Inhibit Protein Synthesis ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
Mechanism Of Growth ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Do So

RelA-SpoT Homolog (RSH) enzymes control bacterial physiology through synthesis and degradation of the nucleotide alarmone (p)ppGpp. We recently discovered multiple families of Small Alarmone Synthetase (SAS) RSH acting as toxins of toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules, with the FaRel subfamily of toxSAS abrogating bacterial growth by producing an analogue of (p)ppGpp, (pp)pApp. Here we probe the mechanism of growth arrest employed by four experimentally unexplored subfamilies of toxSAS: FaRel2, PhRel, PhRel2 and CapRel. Surprisingly, all these toxins specifically inhibit protein synthesis. To do so, they transfer a pyrophosphate moiety from ATP to the tRNA 3′ CCA. The modification inhibits both tRNA aminoacylation and the sensing of cellular amino acid starvation by the ribosome-associated RSH RelA. Conversely, we show that some Small Alarmone Hydrolase (SAH) RSH enzymes can reverse the pyrophosphorylation of tRNA to counter the growth inhibition by toxSAS. Collectively, we establish RSHs as a novel class of RNA-modifying enzymes.

Toxin-antitoxin systems in bacterial growth arrest and persistence

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Page ◽  
Wolfgang Peti
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Growth Arrest

GondenBraid2.0: A comprehensive toolkit for plant synthetic biology

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sarrion-Perdigones ◽  
M Vazquez-Vilar ◽  
J Palaci ◽  
A Granell ◽  
D Orzáez
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Plant Synthetic Biology

Life as a Raw Material: Illusions of Control

Somatechnics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oron Catts ◽  
Ionat Zurr
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Short History ◽  
Know How ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The paper discusses and critiques the concept of the single engineering paradigm. This concepts allude to a future in which the control of matter and life, and life as matter, will be achieved by applying engineering principles; through nanotechnology, synthetic biology and, as some suggest, geo-engineering, cognitive engineering and neuro-engineering. We outline some issues in the short history of the field labelled as Synthetic Biology. Furthermore; we examine the way engineers, scientists, designers and artists are positioned and articulating the use of the tools of Synthetic Biology to expose some of the philosophical, ethical and political forces and considerations of today as well as some future scenarios. We suggest that one way to enable the possibilities of alternative frames of thought is to open up the know-how and the access to these technologies to other disciplines, including artistic.

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