scholarly journals Optogenetic Control of the BMP Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3067-3078
Author(s):  
Paul A. Humphreys ◽  
Steven Woods ◽  
Christopher A. Smith ◽  
Nicola Bates ◽  
Stuart A. Cain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Optogenetic Control

scholarly journals Ventromorphins: A New Class of Small Molecule Activators of the Canonical BMP Signaling Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2436-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie R. Genthe ◽  
Jaeki Min ◽  
Dana M. Farmer ◽  
Anang A. Shelat ◽  
Jose A. Grenet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
New Class

Effect of Tumor Growth Factor-β on Osteogenesis in Osteoporosis Rats by Regulating Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Qianying Zhao ◽  
Dapeng Zhou ◽  
Bing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Signaling ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Tumor Growth Factor ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

The balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is critical for bone formation and remodeling and imbalance causes osteoporosis (OP). TGF-β regulates bone tissue repair and regeneration, but TGF-β’s role in osteogenesis in OP has not been elucidated. OVX-induced OP rat models were constructed and rat BMSCs were isolated and assigned into control group, OP group, and TGF-β group (transfected with TGF-β1 plasmid followed by analysis of cell proliferation by MTT assay, RUNX2 and OPN expression by Real time PCR, ALP activity and secretion of TGF-β, BMP-2 and BMP-9 by ELISA. In addition, RANKL was added to induce BMSCs differentiation into to osteoclasts which were transfected with TGF-β1 followed by analysis of cell proliferation, c-Fos and TRAP expression and secretion of BMP-2 and BMP-9. OP group rats had significantly reduced secretion of TGF-β1, BMP-2 and BMP-9, reduced cell proliferation, decreased RUNX2 and OPN expression and ALP activity (P <0.05). Transfection of TGF-β1 in BMSCs of OP group rats could significantly reverse the above changes (P <0.05). TGF-β1 significantly inhibited osteoclast proliferation, decreased expression of c-Fos and TRAP, and increased secretion of BMP-2 and BMP-9 (P <0.05). TGF-β1 level in OP is decreased. Up-regulating TGF-β promotes osteoblast differentiation in OP rats by regulating BMP signaling pathway, and inhibits osteoclast proliferation and differentiation.

scholarly journals BMP action in skeletogenesis involves attenuation of retinoid signaling

2006 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Hoffman ◽  
Kamal Garcha ◽  
Konstantina Karamboulas ◽  
Matthew F. Cowan ◽  
Linsay M. Drysdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Retinoid Signaling ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Bona Fide

The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and growth and differentiation factor (GDF) signaling pathways have well-established and essential roles within the developing skeleton in coordinating the formation of cartilaginous anlagen. However, the identification of bona fide targets that underlie the action of these signaling molecules in chondrogenesis has remained elusive. We have identified the gene for the retinoic acid (RA) synthesis enzyme Aldh1a2 as a principal target of BMP signaling; prochondrogenic BMPs or GDFs lead to attenuation of Aldh1a2 expression and, consequently, to reduced activation of the retinoid signaling pathway. Consistent with this, antagonism of retinoid signaling phenocopies BMP4 action, whereas RA inhibits the chondrogenic stimulatory activity of BMP4. BMP4 also down-regulates Aldh1a2 expression in organ culture and, consistent with this, Aldh1a2 is actively excluded from the developing cartilage anlagens. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into BMP action and demonstrate that BMP signaling governs the fate of prechondrogenic mesenchyme, at least in part, through regulation of retinoid signaling.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insight into Morphologic and Metabolic Changes in the Fat Body during Silkworm Metamorphosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Peng ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Insight Into

The fat body plays key roles in energy storage and utilization as well as biosynthetic and metabolic activities in insects. During metamorphosis from larva to pupa, the fat body undergoes dramatic changes in morphology and metabolic processes. However, the genetic basis underlying these changes has not been completely understood. In this study, the authors performed a time-course transcriptome analysis of the fat body during silkworm metamorphosis using RNA-sequencing. A total of 5217 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the fat body at different developmental time points. DEGs involved in lipid synthesis and degradation were highly expressed at the third day of the last larval instar and during the prepupal-pupal transition, respectively. DEGs involved in the ecdysone signaling and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways that modulate organ development exhibited a high expression level during the fat body remodeling process from prepupa to pupa. Intriguingly, the RNA interference-mediated knockdown of either decapentaplegic (Dpp) or protein 60A (Gbb), two DEGs involved in the BMP signaling pathway, inhibited fat body dissociation but promoted lipid mobilization, suggesting that the BMP signaling pathway not only is required for fat body remodeling, but also moderately inhibits lipid mobilization to ensure an appropriate lipid supply during the pupal-adult transition. In conclusion, the comparative transcriptome analysis provides novel insight into morphologic and metabolic changes in the fat body during silkworm metamorphosis.

scholarly journals From the Performance to the Essence: The Biological Mechanisms of How Tantalum Contributes to Osteogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hu Qian ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Zhimin Ye ◽  
Yihe Hu ◽  
Pengfei Lei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Integrin Signaling ◽  
Biological Mechanism ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
The Past

Despite the brilliant bioactive performance of tantalum as an orthopedic biomaterial verified through laboratory researches and clinical practice in the past decades, scarce evidences about the essential mechanisms of how tantalum contributes to osteogenesis were systematically discussed. Up to now, a few studies have uncovered preliminarily the biological mechanism of tantalum in osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis; it is of great necessity to map out the panorama through which tantalum contributes to new bone formation. This minireview summarized current advances to demonstrate the probable signaling pathways and underlying molecular cascades through which tantalum orchestrates osteogenesis, which mainly contain Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, BMP signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, and integrin signaling pathway. Limits of subsistent studies and further work are also discussed, providing a novel vision for the study and application of tantalum.

scholarly journals Inhibition of MicroRNA-302 (miR-302) by Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) Facilitates the BMP Signaling Pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 287 (46) ◽  
pp. 38656-38664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hara Kang ◽  
Justin Louie ◽  
Alexandra Weisman ◽  
Jessica Sheu-Gruttadauria ◽  
Brandi N. Davis-Dusenbery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein

scholarly journals Up-regulation of bone morphogenetic protein and its signaling molecules following castration of bulls and their association with intramuscular fat content in Korean cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Jin Sol Jung ◽  
Myunggi Baik
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Muscle Fiber Type ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Korean Cattle ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein

AbstractWe evaluated whether castration affects bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) level and the expression of its signaling molecules in Korean cattle bulls. We also checked whether castration affects the expression of muscle fiber type and oxidative and glycolytic enzyme genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays revealed that steers had higher plasma BMP2 and leptin concentrations than bulls. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that steers had higher mRNA levels of the lysyl oxidase gene, a downstream target of the BMP signaling pathway, in the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. Steers had higher adipogenic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and lipogenic fatty acid binding protein 4 mRNA levels in the LT than bulls. Steers had lower mRNA levels for several muscle fiber type 1 genes and fiber type 2A myosin heavy chain 2 gene than bulls. Steers had higher mRNA levels of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase 1 gene than bulls. Transcript levels of oxidative enzyme genes did not differ between bulls and steers. Regression analysis revealed a positive association between plasma BMP2 levels and intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the steer group. These findings suggest that upregulation of the BMP signaling pathway in response to castration induces increased adipogenic gene expression, contributing to the increased IMF deposition observed in castrated animals.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies CARM1 and DNMT3A as genes associated with osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Layla Panach ◽  
Clara Pertusa ◽  
Beatriz Martínez-Rojas ◽  
Álvaro Acebrón ◽  
Damián Mifsut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
System Development ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery

Abstract To identify new candidate genes in osteoporosis, mainly involved in epigenetic mechanisms, we compared whole gene-expression in osteoblasts (OBs) obtained from women undergoing hip replacement surgery due to fragility fracture and severe osteoarthritis. Then, we analyzed the association of several SNPs with BMD in 1028 women. Microarray analysis yielded 2542 differentially expressed transcripts belonging to 1798 annotated genes, of which 45.6% (819) were overexpressed, and 54.4% (979) underexpressed (fold-change between − 7.45 and 4.0). Among the most represented pathways indicated by transcriptome analysis were chondrocyte development, positive regulation of bone mineralization, BMP signaling pathway, skeletal system development and Wnt signaling pathway. In the translational stage we genotyped 4 SNPs in DOT1L, HEY2, CARM1 and DNMT3A genes. Raw data analyzed against inheritance patterns showed a statistically significant association between a SNP of DNMT3A and femoral neck-(FN) sBMD and primarily a SNP of CARM1 was correlated with both FN and lumbar spine-(LS) sBMD. Most of these associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounders. In analysis with anthropometric and clinical variables, the SNP of CARM1 unexpectedly revealed a close association with BMI (p = 0.000082), insulin (p = 0.000085), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.000078). In conclusion, SNPs of the DNMT3A and CARM1 genes are associated with BMD, in the latter case probably owing to a strong correlation with obesity and fasting insulin levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document