Efficient and Low-Cost Error Removal in DNA Synthesis by a High-Durability MutS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-952
Author(s):  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Yefei Wang ◽  
Baihui Chai ◽  
Jichao Wang ◽  
Lulu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Error Removal

A New Fiber Reinforced Composite Material Properties and Engineering Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1294-1297
Author(s):  
Li Xin Yin ◽  
Jing Yan ◽  
Guo Wen Li ◽  
Wei Qiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
High Durability ◽  
New Material ◽  
Construction Efficiency ◽  
Reinforced Composite Material

External thermal insulation technology for building external wall has gradually been one important technology of the construction energy conservation. A new fibre reinforced composite material is made up of cement, flyash, silicon ash, the inflation polystyrene pellet and the admixture, after the experiment examination and the engineering application, the effect of thermal insulation is good, the performance of fire proof is excellent, high durability and low cost, good property of sound absorption. Solved the quality problem exist in the traditional building outer wall thermal insulation system such as the thermal insulation layer fall off, split, seep and so on. The new material can product standardize in factory, increase the construction efficiency; in favor of the construction industrialization and could promote construction business sustainable development.

Polymers for Concrete Modification – Interactions and Application Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Pakusch ◽  
Sheng Xian Wang ◽  
Sridhar Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Formation Of Cracks ◽  
Polymer Dispersions ◽  
Poor Adhesion

Concrete is globally the most widely used construction material featuring outstanding properties as e.g. high mechanical strength, global availability, low cost and high durability if properly made. However, concrete exhibits also numerous intrinsic drawbacks as e.g. low tensile strength, poor elasticity, in many cases poor adhesion to various substrates and the formation of cracks and thus reduced durability. Many if not all of these drawbacks can be compensated by the addition of environmentally friendly water-based polymer dispersions. This article focuses on the fundamental understanding of the interaction of polymers with the other components in concrete, and its impact on the properties of latex-modified concrete (LMC), such as rheology, mechanical properties, adhesion, abrasion resistance etc. As a practical example the application of LMC in North American bridge deck overlays is discussed. Special attention is thereby paid to concrete mix designs, performance enhancement and the durability of these materials in the field.

scholarly journals Plastic Recovery and Utilization: From Ocean Pollution to Green Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedeji A. Adelodun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Organic Catalysis ◽  
Ready Availability

Due to their numerous merits (such as high durability, diverse applicability, ready-availability, low-cost, reusability, and so on), the presumably inevitable use of plastics makes their waste ubiquitously dispersed in our environment, especially in the oceans. The environmental damage posed, especially to the ecosystem, initiated the need for recourse control of these environmentally refractory pollutants. In this review, the various sources, classifications, fate, and control measures of plastic wastes were appraised. Further, of the three primary techniques for resource control, pyrolysis was reviewed in-depth, showing its relevance and superiority over others. Specific case studies showed that liquid and gaseous fuels derived from pyrolyzed plastics are a waste-to-wealth system that requires optimization and intensification. Such an approach would further help rid our planet of the numerous plastic wastes while improving our economy and achieving our energy demand. One approach identified to improve the current pyrolysis technology is catalysis. Further research should devise green methods for organic catalysis, which are environmentally benign.

scholarly journals DeCoDe: degenerate codon design for complete protein-coding DNA libraries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler C. Shimko ◽  
Polly M. Fordyce ◽  
Yaron Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Random Mutagenesis ◽  
Protein Variant ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Functional Variants ◽  
Complete Protein ◽  
Protein Libraries

AbstractMotivationHigh-throughput protein screening is a critical technique for dissecting and designing protein function. Libraries for these assays can be created through a number of means, including targeted or random mutagenesis of a template protein sequence or direct DNA synthesis. However, mutagenic library construction methods often yield vastly more non-functional than functional variants and, despite advances in large-scale DNA synthesis, individual synthesis of each desired DNA template is often prohibitively ex-pensive. Consequently, many protein screening libraries rely on the use of degenerate codons (DCs), mixtures of DNA bases incorporated at specific positions during DNA synthesis, to generate highly diverse protein variant pools from only a few low-cost synthesis reactions. However, selecting DCs for sets of sequences that covary at multiple positions dramatically increases the difficulty of designing a DC library and leads to the creation of many undesired variants that can quickly outstrip screening capacity.ResultsWe introduce a novel algorithm for total DC library optimization, DeCoDe, based on integer linear programming. DeCoDe significantly outperforms state-of-the-art DC optimization algorithms and scales well to more than a hundred proteins sharing complex patterns of covariation (e.g. the lab-derived avGFP lineage). Moreover, DeCoDe is, to our knowledge, the first DC design algorithm with the capability to encode mixed-length protein libraries. We anticipate DeCoDe to be broadly useful for a variety of library generation problems, ranging from protein engineering attempts that leverage mutual information to the reconstruction of ancestral protein states.Availabilitygithub.com/OrensteinLab/[email protected]

scholarly journals Hesitant Fuzzy Sets Based Symmetrical Model of Decision-Making for Estimating the Durability of Web Application

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Sahu ◽  
Fahad A. Alzahrani ◽  
R. K. Srivastava ◽  
Rajeev Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Symmetrical Model ◽  
The University ◽  
The Web

The development of web applications essentially relies on users’ demands who expect highly efficacious but cost effective software services. Managing time and cost so as to develop web applications that cater to the users’ need is a challenge for developers at present. Moreover, low-cost maintenance can only be achieved by enhancing the durability of the web applications. Identifying characteristics of durability is a complex task because the different experts have different opinions regarding the significance of characteristics that determine durability quotient of the web applications. As established by the best practices undertaken in this context, some experts consider quality to be the most important factor for determining durability. Therefore, the present study enlists multi-criteria decision-based symmetrical technique to address the multi-vector option availability for the apt selection of the characteristics for durability. Furthermore, it has also been identified that a numerical assessment of web applications’ durability can affect the service life and low-cost management in web applications. In this context, to achieve high durability and longevity in web applications, this paper attempts to illustrate and perform a numerical evaluation of durability characteristics. By understanding the various characteristics and their significance towards durability, the paper finds that the hesitant fuzzy-based symmetrical technique of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is an effective methodology for evaluating web applications’ durability. For evaluating the quality of the results and establishing their sensitivity, the authors have assessed the outcomes on six different projects of the University. Additionally, results assessed and discussed in this paper would be a conclusive reference for the developers in their attempts to develop highly durable and manageable web applications.

scholarly journals Iron Phthalocyanine/Graphene Composites as Promising Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Jong S. Park ◽  
Dong Wook Chang
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
High Price ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Iron Phthalocyanine ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
High Durability

Recently, the development of non-precious electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has become important in replacing currently employed platinum (Pt)-based catalysts. Although Pt-based catalysts exhibit satisfactory ORR performances, their high price, easy methanol/CO2 poisoning, and poor long-term stability significantly hamper the forward movement of fuel cell technology. Among the various candidates, graphene-supported iron phthalocyanine (FePc) composites have attracted great attention because of their unique advantages, including low cost, good dimensional stability, high durability, and tunable catalytic activity. In the composite catalyst, FePc molecules are immobilized on graphene via noncovalent or covalent interactions. In addition, two-dimensional graphene substrates can improve not only the electrical conductivity of the composite, but also the dispersion of FePc molecules, triggering a significant improvement in the catalytic properties of the composite catalyst. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in FePc/graphene composite catalysts used for the ORR. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of this promising field.

scholarly journals DeCoDe: degenerate codon design for complete protein-coding DNA libraries

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 3357-3364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler C Shimko ◽  
Polly M Fordyce ◽  
Yaron Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Random Mutagenesis ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Protein Variant ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Functional Variants ◽  
Complete Protein

Abstract Motivation High-throughput protein screening is a critical technique for dissecting and designing protein function. Libraries for these assays can be created through a number of means, including targeted or random mutagenesis of a template protein sequence or direct DNA synthesis. However, mutagenic library construction methods often yield vastly more nonfunctional than functional variants and, despite advances in large-scale DNA synthesis, individual synthesis of each desired DNA template is often prohibitively expensive. Consequently, many protein-screening libraries rely on the use of degenerate codons (DCs), mixtures of DNA bases incorporated at specific positions during DNA synthesis, to generate highly diverse protein-variant pools from only a few low-cost synthesis reactions. However, selecting DCs for sets of sequences that covary at multiple positions dramatically increases the difficulty of designing a DC library and leads to the creation of many undesired variants that can quickly outstrip screening capacity. Results We introduce a novel algorithm for total DC library optimization, degenerate codon design (DeCoDe), based on integer linear programming. DeCoDe significantly outperforms state-of-the-art DC optimization algorithms and scales well to more than a hundred proteins sharing complex patterns of covariation (e.g. the lab-derived avGFP lineage). Moreover, DeCoDe is, to our knowledge, the first DC design algorithm with the capability to encode mixed-length protein libraries. We anticipate DeCoDe to be broadly useful for a variety of library generation problems, ranging from protein engineering attempts that leverage mutual information to the reconstruction of ancestral protein states. Availability and implementation github.com/OrensteinLab/DeCoDe. Contact [email protected] Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

scholarly journals Nanostructured carbons containing FeNi/NiFe2O4 supported over N-doped carbon nanofibers for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (63) ◽  
pp. 36586-36599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Aziz ◽  
JinGoo Lee ◽  
Hatice Duran ◽  
Katrin Kirchhoff ◽  
Richard T. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
High Durability

Non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts on carbon materials with high durability and low cost have been developed to ameliorate the oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen-evolution reaction (OER).

The Engineering Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Polymer Concrete Used the Spherical Steel Slag Fine Aggregate

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Man Kim ◽  
Eun Gu Kwak ◽  
Choul Ho Lee ◽  
Seung Kye Lee
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Spherical Type ◽  
High Durability

Polymer concrete has high durability, high abrasion resistance, and high strength, compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete. However, because of high cost of binder, it has not been used in construction field generally. The properties of unsaturated polyester polymer concrete used the steel slag fine aggregate of spherical type as an aggregate for polymer concrete in fresh and hardened state were studied. This research shows that the unsaturated polyester polymer concrete have high workability, high strength and low cost due to decreasing the polymer content, when steel slag fine aggregate of spherical type was used.

Tribology Without Friction: Limited Travel Solid State Design Elements

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene I. Rivin
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Perpendicular Direction ◽  
Motion Sensitivity ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Contact Loads ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
High Contact Force

Many mechanical systems have components performing limited displacements relative to other components. Examples: meshing motions between teeth of power transmission gears; compensation motions in universal joints and Oldham couplings; wedge mechanisms of clamping devices including friction-based shaft-to-sleeve connections. Typical features of such connections are: high contact force magnitudes; high stiffness in one direction and low resistance to motion in the perpendicular direction(s); high motion sensitivity (ability to perform very small motions under small motive forces while subjected to high contact loads in a perpendicular direction); maintaining no-backlash connection in case of reversal of contact forces requiring the connection to be preloaded; low friction losses; small size and low cost of the connection; high durability combined with low maintenance requirements.

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