scholarly journals Metabolic Reprogramming of the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Arteries in a Flow-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rat Model

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongli Liu ◽  
Suyuan Qin ◽  
Danyan Su ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yanyun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right

THE EFFECTS OF PROLONGED NEONATAL HYPOXEMIA ON THE PULMONARY VASCULAR BED AND HEART

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 902-908
Author(s):  
Richard L. Naeye ◽  
Harry W. Letts
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right

Changes in the blood vessels and heart were assessed in infants chronically hypoxemic during the neonatal period. The hypoxemia appears to arrest the relative involution of smooth muscle about the pulmonary arterial bed. This change is presumably related to persistent pulmonary arterial hypertension, as evidenced by a relative hypertrophy of the right ventricle in the hypoxemic infants. The small pulmonary arteries are identified as a possible site of hypoxemia-induced vasoconstriction. No abnormalities were found in the veins or capillaries of the pulmonary circulation or in any vessels of the systemic circulation.

scholarly journals Effects of ovariectomy on antioxidant defence systems in the right ventricle of female rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by monocrotaline

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Siqueira ◽  
Rafael Colombo ◽  
Adriana Conzatti ◽  
Alexandre Luz de Castro ◽  
Cristina Campos Carraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Thioredoxin 1 ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ovariectomy on oxidative stress in the right ventricle (RV) of female rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) induced by monocrotaline (MCT). Rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6 per group): sham (S), sham + MCT (SM), ovariectomized (O), and ovariectomized + MCT (OM). MCT (60 mg·kg−1 i.p.) was injected 1 week after ovariectomy or sham surgery. Three weeks later, echocardiographic analysis and RV catheterisation were performed. RV morphometric, biochemical, and protein expression analysis through Western blotting were done. MCT promoted a slight increase in pulmonary artery pressure, without differences between the SM and OM groups, but did not induce RV hypertrophy. RV hydrogen peroxide increased in the MCT groups, but SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were also enhanced. Non-classical antioxidant defenses diminished in ovariectomized groups, probably due to a decrease in the nuclear factor Nrf2. Hemoxygenase-1 and thioredoxin-1 protein expression was increased in the OM group compared with SM, being accompanied by an elevation in the estrogen receptor β (ER-β). Hemoxygenase-1 and thioredoxin-1 may be involved in the modulation of oxidative stress in the OM group, and this could be responsible for attenuation of PAH and RV remodeling.

scholarly journals The striated muscles in pulmonary arterial hypertension: adaptations beyond the right ventricle

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 832-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmy Manders ◽  
Silvia Rain ◽  
Harm-Jan Bogaard ◽  
M. Louis Handoko ◽  
Ger J.M. Stienen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal lung disease characterised by progressive remodelling of the small pulmonary vessels. The daily-life activities of patients with PAH are severely limited by exertional fatigue and dyspnoea. Typically, these symptoms have been explained by right heart failure. However, an increasing number of studies reveal that the impact of the PAH reaches further than the pulmonary circulation. Striated muscles other than the right ventricle are affected in PAH, such as the left ventricle, the diaphragm and peripheral skeletal muscles. Alterations in these striated muscles are associated with exercise intolerance and reduced quality of life. In this Back to Basics article on striated muscle function in PAH, we provide insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms causing muscle dysfunction in PAH and discuss potential new therapeutic strategies to restore muscle dysfunction.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-140 is elevated and mitofusin-1 is downregulated in the right ventricle of the Sugen5416/hypoxia/normoxia model of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (3) ◽  
pp. H689-H698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachindra Raj Joshi ◽  
Vidhi Dhagia ◽  
Salina Gairhe ◽  
John G. Edwards ◽  
Ivan F. McMurtry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mitofusin 1

Heart failure, a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), is an outcome of complex biochemical processes. In this study, we determined changes in microRNAs (miRs) in the right and left ventricles of normal and PAH rats. Using an unbiased quantitative miR microarray analysis, we found 1) miR-21-5p, miR-31-5 and 3p, miR-140-5 and 3p, miR-208b-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-702-3p, and miR-1298 were upregulated (>2-fold; P < 0.05) in the right ventricle (RV) of PAH compared with normal rats; 2) miR-31-5 and 3p, and miR-208b-3p were upregulated (>2-fold; P < 0.05) in the left ventricle plus septum (LV+S) of PAH compared with normal rats; 3) miR-187-5p, miR-208a-3p, and miR-877 were downregulated (>2-fold; P < 0.05) in the RV of PAH compared with normal rats; and 4) no miRs were up- or downregulated with >2-fold in LV+S compared with RV of PAH and normal. Upregulation of miR-140 and miR-31 in the hypertrophic RV was further confirmed by quantitative PCR. Interestingly, compared with control rats, expression of mitofusin-1 (MFN1), a mitochondrial fusion protein that regulates apoptosis, and which is a direct target of miR-140, was reduced in the RV relative to LV+S of PAH rats. We found a correlation between increased miR-140 and decreased MFN1 expression in the hypertrophic RV. Our results also demonstrated that upregulation of miR-140 and downregulation of MFN1 correlated with increased RV systolic pressure and hypertrophy. These results suggest that miR-140 and MFN1 play a role in the pathogenesis of PAH-associated RV dysfunction. Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/mir140-and-right-heart-hypertrophy/ .

scholarly journals The Right Ventricle Explains Sex Differences in Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

CHEST Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 1230-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Jacobs ◽  
Mariëlle C. van de Veerdonk ◽  
Pia Trip ◽  
Frances de Man ◽  
Martijn W. Heymans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right
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