Effect of Impurity Atoms on the Adsorption/Dissociation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Hydrogen Diffusion on the Fe(100) Surface

Abstract An introductory survey on applications of high-resolution neutron spectroscopy is presented, dealing with the motion of hydrogen in solids, namely concerning (i) random rotational motions or stationary tunneling states of NH+4-ions or CH3-groups, and (ii) diffusion of hydrogen in alloys. For the rotation of hydrogenous groups in solids, at higher temperatures rotational jumps can be found, whereas quantum states are observed by μeV-spectroscopy at temperatures below 50 K. On the other hand, hydrogen diffusion does not reveal pronounced evidence of quantum effects, except for hydrogen in a metal containing impurity atoms.

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Behavioral Analysis of Hydrogen in Metals under the Effect of H2S Corrosion Using a Layer-stripping Micro-hardness Technique

Materials Science ◽

10.5755/j01.ms.26.3.22103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 287-294

Author(s):

Lei GU ◽

Jing WANG ◽

Xiaoyang LI

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Hydrogen Diffusion ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Micro Hardness ◽

Hydrogen Distribution ◽

Hydrogen In Metals ◽

H2s Corrosion ◽

Saturated Layer ◽

Structural Carbon ◽

Structural Carbon Steel

In order to study the distribution behavior of hydrogen in metals under the condition of H2S corrosion, a layer-stripping micro-hardness test was designed to analyze the hydrogen distribution along the depth of hydrogen-charged 45 high-quality structural carbon steel at three different hydrogen sulfide concentrations and four corrosion periods in this study. The results show that there is a terminal solid solubility of hydrogen in the metal for hydrogen sulfide solutions over various concentrations and corrosion periods. A hydrogen-saturated layer is produced by hydrogen diffusing through the metal from an unsaturated state to a fully saturated state. The hydrogen-saturated layer is not affected by the concentration of the corrosion, but its thickness increases as the corrosion period increases. In this way, we established a new hydrogen diffusion model in metals.

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Universalism of inhibitors against hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon steel

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202122505001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 225 ◽

pp. 05001

Author(s):

Vladimir Vigdorovich ◽

Liudmila Tsygankova ◽

Natalia Shel ◽

Nedal Alshikha

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Hydrogen Diffusion ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽

Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽

Sulfate Reducing ◽

Reducing Bacteria

The universality of inhibitors is understood as their ability to inhibit several types of corrosion attack: hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion, hydrogen diffusion into metal, development of sulfate-reducing and other types of bacteria, negative impact on the mechanical properties of metals. Indicators of universalism of new inhibitor have been studied. Producer of the inhibiting compositions is Limited Liability Company «INCORGAZ» (S-Petersburg, Russia). The efficacy of the inhibitor in the concentration of 25 - 200 mg/L has been studied with respect to carbon steel in a highly mineralized chloride medium (pH= 6) and NACE medium (5 g/L NaCl, 0.25 g/L CH3COOH, pH =3.5) containing H2S (50-400 mg/L) and CO2 (1at) separately and together. The bactericidal properties of the inhibitor were studied with respect to sulfate-reducing bacteria in the Postgate medium. The investigations were carried out by the methods of linear polarization resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, gravimetry, potentiodynamic polarization. The protective effectiveness of the inhibitor reaches 80% in the presence of CO2 and 90% in hydrogen sulphide environments. The inhibitor repeatedly reduces the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the production of biogenic hydrogen sulfide and inhibits the diffusion of hydrogen into steel.

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Bactericidal properties of a combined corrosion inhibitor in the presence of SRB

Practice of Anticorrosive Protection ◽

10.31615/j.corros.prot.2020.97.3-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Hydrogen Diffusion ◽

Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Bacteriostatic Effect ◽

Sulfate Reducing ◽

Bactericidal Properties ◽

Number Of Microorganisms ◽

Reducing Bacteria ◽

Steel St3

The bactericidal properties of the combined inhibitor with respect to two types of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfomicrobium sulfate-reducing bacteria were studied. The effect of the inhibitor on the number of bacterial cells and the formation of hydrogen sulfide in Postgate nutrient Postgate “B” was evaluated. It has been shown that the combined inhibitor exhibits a bacteriostatic effect on to sulphate-reducing bacteria. It was revealed that the degree of suppression of the number of microorganisms Desulfovibrio desulfuricans at a concentration of the combined inhibitor 100,0 mg/L is higher than Desulfomicrobium. In the latter case, to achieve this effect, 120,0 mg/L concentration of the combined inhibitor is required. The studied combination inhibitor causes the inhibition of hydrogen diffusion in steel St3 in the MI medium saturated with H2S and CO2 separately and together, and also contributes to preserving the ductile properties of the steel St3 after exposure to solutions compared to non-inhibited media.

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STUDY OF UNIVERSAL COMBINED INHIBITOR FOR OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA ◽

10.6060/ivkkt.20206310.6063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

pp. 78-89

Author(s):

Guseyn R. Gurbanov ◽

Saida M. Pashaeva ◽

Mekhpara B. Adygezalova

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Corrosion Rate ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Hydrogen Diffusion ◽

Gravimetric Method ◽

Oil And Gas Industry ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Reducing Bacteria ◽

Steel St3

Using the gravimetric method, the inhibitory efficiency of the combined inhibitor with respect to hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion of St3 steel in model-produced water MI was studied. Corrosion tests were carried out in 0.5 l sealed vessels on St3 samples of size 30×20×1. Gossypol resin + MARZA was used as a multifunctional combined inhibitor. Diesel fuel and kerosene were used as solvent. It has been established that the protective effect of using a multifunctional combined inhibitor in formation water with oil containing hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide using kerosene as a solvent ranges from 75 to 96 and for diesel as 80 to 100. The combined inhibitor allows to achieve in the MI medium containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the process of daily testing the corrosion rate of steel is about 0.04 g/ m2∙h only in a concentration of not less than 70 mg/l. However, with an increase in the duration of the test by an order of magnitude, a similar corrosion rate is observed already at an inhibitor concentration of 50 mg/l. The same is characteristic of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide - carbon dioxide solutions. The bactericidal properties of the combined inhibitor with respect to two types of Desulfovibriodesulfuricans and Desulfomicrobium sulfate-reducing bacteria were studied. The effect of the inhibitor on the number of bacterial cells and the formation of hydrogen sulfide in Postgate nutrient medium “B” was evaluated. It has been shown that the combined inhibitor exhibits a bacteriostatic effect on to sulphate-reducing bacteria. It was revealed that the degree of suppression of the number of microorganisms Desulfovibriodesulfuricans at a concentration of the combined inhibitor 100.0 mg/l is higher than Desulfomicrobium. In the latter case, to achieve this effect, 120.0 mg/l concentration of the combined inhibitor is required. The studied combination inhibitor causes inhibition of hydrogen diffusion in steel St3 in the MI medium saturated with H2S and CO2 separately and together, and contributes to preserving the ductile properties of the steel St3 after exposure to solutions compared to non-inhibited media.

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Special features of hydrogen sulfide cracking of welded points after short-term hydrogen diffusion

Soviet Materials Science ◽

10.1007/bf00724130 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

E. A. Savchenkov ◽

A. Ya. Gret'yak ◽

R. R. Aitkulov

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Hydrogen Diffusion ◽

Short Term ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide Cracking

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Endogenous hydrogen sulfide sulfhydrates IKKβ at cysteine 179 to control pulmonary artery endothelial cell inflammation

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20190514 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (20) ◽

pp. 2045-2059 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Da Zhang ◽

Xiuli Wang ◽

Siyao Chen ◽

Selena Chen ◽

Wen Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Cell Model ◽

Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽

Critical Event ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cell

Abstract Background: Pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) inflammation is a critical event in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the pathogenesis of PAEC inflammation remains unclear. Methods: Purified recombinant human inhibitor of κB kinase subunit β (IKKβ) protein, human PAECs and monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats were employed in the study. Site-directed mutagenesis, gene knockdown or overexpression were conducted to manipulate the expression or activity of a target protein. Results: We showed that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) inhibited IKKβ activation in the cell model of human PAEC inflammation induced by monocrotaline pyrrole-stimulation or knockdown of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), an H2S generating enzyme. Mechanistically, H2S was proved to inhibit IKKβ activity directly via sulfhydrating IKKβ at cysteinyl residue 179 (C179) in purified recombinant IKKβ protein in vitro, whereas thiol reductant dithiothreitol (DTT) reversed H2S-induced IKKβ inactivation. Furthermore, to demonstrate the significance of IKKβ sulfhydration by H2S in the development of PAEC inflammation, we mutated C179 to serine (C179S) in IKKβ. In purified IKKβ protein, C179S mutation of IKKβ abolished H2S-induced IKKβ sulfhydration and the subsequent IKKβ inactivation. In human PAECs, C179S mutation of IKKβ blocked H2S-inhibited IKKβ activation and PAEC inflammatory response. In pulmonary hypertensive rats, C179S mutation of IKKβ abolished the inhibitory effect of H2S on IKKβ activation and pulmonary vascular inflammation and remodeling. Conclusion: Collectively, our in vivo and in vitro findings demonstrated, for the first time, that endogenous H2S directly inactivated IKKβ via sulfhydrating IKKβ at Cys179 to inhibit nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway activation and thereby control PAEC inflammation in PAH.

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