scholarly journals Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry-Based Classification of 12 Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller) Varieties Based on Their Aroma Profiles and Estragole Levels as Analyzed Using Chemometric Tools

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 5775-5785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif M. Afifi ◽  
Amira El-Mahis ◽  
Andreas G. Heiss ◽  
Mohamed A. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare Miller ◽  
Chemometric Tools

scholarly journals Foeniculum vulgare Miller, a New Chemotype from Montenegro

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Mijat Božović ◽  
Stefania Garzoli ◽  
Svetlana Vujović ◽  
Filippo Sapienza ◽  
Rino Ragno
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare Miller ◽  
Liquid And Vapor Phases

Previous studies relating to prolonged and fractionated distillation procedures highlighted essential oils’ (EOs) chemical composition to be significantly dependent on the extraction duration and harvesting time. As a continuation, a hydrodistillation procedure was applied to ripe fruit material of fennel, Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Apiaceae), collected from three localities in Montenegro (Podgorica, Nikšić, and Kotor) to furnish a total of 12 EOs. Liquid and vapor phases of the samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry techniques, and 18 compounds have been identified. Although both quantitative and qualitative differences between the samples were notable, the phenylpropanoids anethole (ANE) and estragole and the monoterpenoids α-terpineol (TER) and fenchone (FEN) could be singled out as the most abundant constituents. The EOs from Podgorica belong to the most common ANE-rich chemotype, while the predominance of the monoterpenoid fraction is characteristic of the samples from Nikšić and Kotor. The latter is particularly rich in TER (up to 56.5%), with significant amounts of FEN and ANE. This chemical profile could represent a new chemotype of fennel EO. Vapor phases contained mainly monoterpenoids, with increased amounts of FEN and TER, while the number of phenylpropanoids was significantly decreased.

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