scholarly journals Cell Rupture and Morphogenesis Control of the Dimorphic Yeast Candida albicans by Nanostructured Surfaces

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naga Venkatesh Kollu ◽  
Dennis R. LaJeunesse
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Nanostructured Surfaces ◽  
Cell Rupture ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast

The dependency of nuclear division on volume in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans

1981 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Soll ◽  
Glenn Bedell ◽  
Julie Thiel ◽  
Marvin Brummel
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast

Differential expression of cytoplasmic proteins during yeast bud and germ tube formation in Candida albicans

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise A. Brown ◽  
W. LaJean Chaffin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast

Changes in the identity and quantity of proteins synthesized during morphogenesis may result from alterations in gene expression in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. Stationary phase yeast cells, upon resuming growth at 25 °C, form budding yeast and at 37 °C form germ tubes. In order to identify proteins associated with morphogenesis, we compared cytoplasmic proteins synthesized during germ tube and bud formation. Proteins synthesized during this period were labeled at four intervals with either [3H]leucine or [35S]methionine and separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This study shows that, of the 230 proteins resolved on each gel, 5 were specific to the yeast morphology and 2 proteins showed reduction in net synthesis in the mycelial phase. There were, however, no mycelium-specific proteins at any labeling period. The majority of proteins were common to both morphologies and showed no major shift in number during resumption of growth. The observations reported here suggest that differential gene expression occurs during morphogenesis of C. albicans.

scholarly journals CO2 accelerates Candida albicans biofilm formation and reveals novel approaches to their inhibition on airway management devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Campbell W Gourlay ◽  
Fritz A Muhlschlegel ◽  
Daniel R Pentland
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Human Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Nutritional Immunity ◽  
Significant Extension ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast

C. albicans is the predominant human fungal pathogen worldwide and frequently colonises medical devices, such as voice prosthesis, as a biofilm. It is a dimorphic yeast that can switch between yeast and hyphal forms in response to environmental cues, a property that is essential during biofilm establishment and maturation. One such cue is elevation of CO2 levels, as observed in exhaled breath for example. However, despite the clear medical relevance the effects of high CO2 levels on C. albicans biofilm growth has not been investigated to date. Here, we show that 5% CO2 significantly enhances each stage of the C. albicans biofilm forming process; from attachment through maturation to dispersion, via stimulation of the Ras/cAMP/PKA signalling pathway. Transcriptome analysis of biofilm formation under elevated CO2 conditions revealed the activation of key biofilm formation pathways governed by the central biofilm regulators Efg1, Brg1, Bcr1 and Ndt80. Biofilms grown in under elevated CO2 conditions also exhibit increases in azole resistance, tolerance to nutritional immunity and enhanced glucose uptake capabilities. We thus characterise the mechanisms by which elevated CO2 promote C. albicans biofilm formation. We also investigate the possibility of re-purposing drugs that can target the CO2 activated metabolic enhancements observed in C. albicans biofilms. Using this approach we can significantly reduce multi-species biofilm formation in a high CO2 environment and demonstrate a significant extension of the lifespan of voice prostheses in a patient trial. Our research demonstrates a bench to bedside approach to tackle Candida albicans biofilm formation.

scholarly journals β-1,2- and α-1,2-LinkedOligomannosides Mediate Adherence of Candida albicansBlastospores to Human Enterocytes InVitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 7061-7068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredéric Dalle ◽  
Thierry Jouault ◽  
Pierre André Trinel ◽  
Jacques Esnault ◽  
Jean Maurice Mallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Invasive Candidiasis ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Candida albicans is a commensal dimorphic yeast of the digestive tract that causes hematogenously disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Endogenous invasive candidiasis develops from C. albicans adhering to the intestinal epithelium. Adherence is mediated by the cell wall surface, a domain composed essentially of mannopyranosyl residues bound to proteins, the N-linked moiety of which comprises sequences of α-1,2- and β-1,2-linked mannose residues. β-1,2-linked mannosides are also associated with a glycolipid, phospholipomannan, at the C. albicans surface. In order to determine the roles of β-1,2 and α-1,2 oligomannosides in the C. albicans-enterocyte interaction, we developed a model of adhesion of C. albicans VW32 blastospores to the apical regions of differentiated Caco-2 cells. Preincubation of yeasts with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for α-1,2 andβ -1,2 mannan epitopes resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in adhesion (50% of the control with a 60-μg/ml MAb concentration). In competitive assays β-1,2 and α-1,2 tetramannosides were the most potent carbohydrate inhibitors, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 2.58 and 6.99 mM, respectively. Immunolocalization on infected monolayers with MAbs specific forα -1,2 and β-1,2 oligomannosides showed that these epitopes were shed from the yeast to the enterocyte surface. Taken together, our data indicate that α-1,2 and β-1,2 oligomannosides are involved in the C. albicans-enterocyte interaction and participate in the adhesion of the yeasts to the mucosal surface.

scholarly journals Integrative transformation of Candida albicans, using a cloned Candida ADE2 gene.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Kurtz ◽  
M W Cortelyou ◽  
D R Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Dna Transformation ◽  
Common Region ◽  
Integrative Transformation ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast ◽  
Ade2 Gene ◽  
Yeast Plasmids

Candida albicans is a diploid dimorphic yeast with no known sexual cycle. The development of a DNA transformation system would greatly improve the prospects for genetic analyses of this yeast. Plasmids were isolated from a Candida Sau3A partial library which complements the ade2-1 and ade2-5 mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These plasmids contain a common region, part of which, when subcloned, produces ade2 complementation. Among the small number of auxotrophs previously isolated in C. albicans, red adenine-requiring mutants had been identified by several groups. In two of these strains, the cloned Candida DNA transformed the mutants to ADE+ at frequencies of 0.5 to 5 transformants per micrograms of DNA. In about 50% of the transformants, plasmid DNA sequences became stably integrated into the host genome and, in the several cases analyzed by Southern hybridization, the DNA was integrated at the site of the ADE2 gene in one of the chromosomal homologs.

Aberrant mRNA Decoding in the Dimorphic Yeast Candida Albicans

1993 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Santos ◽  
Gerad Keith ◽  
Mick F. Tuite
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast

Integrative transformation of Candida albicans, using a cloned Candida ADE2 gene

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
M B Kurtz ◽  
M W Cortelyou ◽  
D R Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Dna Transformation ◽  
Common Region ◽  
Integrative Transformation ◽  
Dimorphic Yeast ◽  
Ade2 Gene ◽  
Yeast Plasmids

Candida albicans is a diploid dimorphic yeast with no known sexual cycle. The development of a DNA transformation system would greatly improve the prospects for genetic analyses of this yeast. Plasmids were isolated from a Candida Sau3A partial library which complements the ade2-1 and ade2-5 mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These plasmids contain a common region, part of which, when subcloned, produces ade2 complementation. Among the small number of auxotrophs previously isolated in C. albicans, red adenine-requiring mutants had been identified by several groups. In two of these strains, the cloned Candida DNA transformed the mutants to ADE+ at frequencies of 0.5 to 5 transformants per micrograms of DNA. In about 50% of the transformants, plasmid DNA sequences became stably integrated into the host genome and, in the several cases analyzed by Southern hybridization, the DNA was integrated at the site of the ADE2 gene in one of the chromosomal homologs.

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