scholarly journals Gut Metabolism of Furanocoumarins: Proposed Function of Co O-Methyltransferase

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 30696-30703
Author(s):  
Steven Ryan Susanto Tan ◽  
Bekir E. Eser ◽  
Jaehong Han
Keyword(s):  
Gut Metabolism

The fate of fenclozic acid in the gut and its effect on some aspects of gut metabolism

Xenobiotica ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Curtis ◽  
G. M. Powell ◽  
A. Bradbury ◽  
C. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Fenclozic Acid ◽  
Gut Metabolism

scholarly journals The mucosal barrier: Protective frontier to the outside world

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Tony Corfield
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Protection ◽  
Protective Barrier ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Microbiological Agents ◽  
Gut Metabolism

The mucosal surfaces throughout the body are designed to provide an interface which can tolerate and protect at the same time. They need to screen the external environment and select for transport of required factors, such as nutrients from the diet, interact with the microflora present – taking benefit from those commensal strains while resisting pathogens, act as a milieu for an assortment of antimicrobial molecules and also combat attack from aggressive chemical and other microbiological agents. The system must be dynamic so that a continuous intact protective barrier is maintained at all times. Failure of the barrier leads to pathological conditions, and abnormal barrier components are among well known biomarkers for mucosal diseases. This brief review highlights some of the aspects relating to gut metabolism and mucosal protection.

scholarly journals Bioaccessibility and gut metabolism of phenolic compounds of breads added with green coffee infusion and enzymatically bioprocessed

2020 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 127473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen Silva de Almeida ◽  
Gabriela Bouça Marques da Costa ◽  
Maysa Silva Barreto ◽  
Denise Maria Guimarães Freire ◽  
Leandro Araújo Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Gut Metabolism

Thermophile-fermented compost extract as a possible feed additive to enhance fecundity in the laying hen and pig: Modulation of gut metabolism

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ito ◽  
Hirokuni Miyamoto ◽  
Yoshifumi Kumagai ◽  
Motoaki Udagawa ◽  
Toshihito Shinmyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hen ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Compost Extract ◽  
Gut Metabolism

scholarly journals Links between diet, gut microbiota composition and gut metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry J. Flint ◽  
Sylvia H. Duncan ◽  
Karen P. Scott ◽  
Petra Louis
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Hexose Sugars ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Metabolism

The gut microbiota and its metabolic products interact with the host in many different ways, influencing gut homoeostasis and health outcomes. The species composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to respond to dietary change, determined by competition for substrates and by tolerance of gut conditions. Meanwhile, the metabolic outputs of the microbiota, such as SCFA, are influenced both by the supply of dietary components and via diet-mediated changes in microbiota composition. There has been significant progress in identifying the phylogenetic distribution of pathways responsible for formation of particular metabolites among human colonic bacteria, based on combining cultural microbiology and sequence-based approaches. Formation of butyrate and propionate from hexose sugars, for example, can be ascribed to different bacterial groups, although propionate can be formed via alternative pathways from deoxy-sugars and from lactate by a few species. Lactate, which is produced by many gut bacteria in pure culture, can also be utilised by certain Firmicutes to form butyrate, and its consumption may be important for maintaining a stable community. Predicting the impact of diet upon such a complex and interactive system as the human gut microbiota not only requires more information on the component groups involved but, increasingly, the integration of such information through modelling approaches.

scholarly journals Application of a novel regulatable Cre recombinase system to define the role of liver and gut metabolism in drug oral bioavailability

2015 ◽  
Vol 465 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J. Henderson ◽  
Lesley A. McLaughlin ◽  
Maria Osuna-Cabello ◽  
Malcolm Taylor ◽  
Ian Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Drug Disposition ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Cre Recombinase ◽  
Drug Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Gut Metabolism

We describe a mouse model where the functions of key drug-metabolizing enzymes are deleted in liver or liver and gut by application of a single agent, allowing the relative role of each tissue in drug disposition to be established.

scholarly journals Putrescine as a source of instant energy in the small intestine of the rat

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bardócz ◽  
G Grant ◽  
D S Brown ◽  
A Pusztai
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Serosal Side ◽  
Exact Function ◽  
Small Bowel Mucosa ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Bowel Mucosa ◽  
Gut Metabolism

Background and aims—It has been suggested that putrescine acts as a growth factor in the gut, but its exact function in some aspects of cellular metabolism is still in question. The aim of the present work was to identify some functions of putrescine in small bowel metabolism.Animals—Rats (about 80 g), in groups of five, were given either phytohaemagglutinin- or lactalbumin-containing diets, fed ad libitum or were fasted for 48 hours and re-fed for six or twelve hours before being killed.Methods—Uptake of intraperitoneally or intragastrically administered [14C]putrescine and its conversion to succinate by the rat small bowel mucosa was measured. Tissue polyamine and succinate contents were measured by high performance liquid chromatography and amino acid analysis respectively.Results—Uptake of putrescine by the small bowel mucosa from the systemic circulation and conversion of about 30% of this to succinate occurs in the epithelium of the healthy small bowel. Compared with rats given food ad libitum, putrescine uptake was doubled in fasted animals and more than 70% of it was converted to succinate. All these changes returned to control values on refeeding. Using phyto- haemagglutinin induced gut growth as a model, the uptake of putrescine from the systemic circulation by the serosal side of the small intestinal epithelium was increased immediately after growth was stimulated. During phytohaemagglutinin induced growth of the gut, putrescine was converted to succinate in the same proportion as in the healthy small bowel.Conclusions—The experiments identified a novel function for putrescine in gut metabolism: it can be used as an instant energy source when required.

The effects of low molecular weight phenolics in the ruminant gut metabolism

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
R. Parrinder ◽  
P.J. Buttery ◽  
J.M. Dawson ◽  
C.D. Wood ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Poor Performance ◽  
Monomeric Unit ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Linear Gradient ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Gut Metabolism

Polyphenolics are a common group of anti-nutritional factors, which occur in many browse plants found in the tropics. They have been implicated in the poor performance of ruminants. Detrimental effects could occur in the rumen or, if phenolics or their metabolites escape degradation, in the intestines or animal tissues. Most published reports have concentrated on examining the effect of feeding plant material containing anti-nutritional factors or the effects of administration of plant extracts containing a mixture of possible anti-nutritional compounds. We have adopted an alternative approach by investigating the metabolism of individual phenolic compounds rather than broad groups. For our initial studies the flavonol glycoside rutin (a monomeric unit of many condensed tannins) and gallic acid (monomeric unit of many hydrolysable tannins) were chosen as models to study the fate of these compounds in the rumen environment.All samples were analysed for phenolics by HPLC (Spectra Physics Focus System) using a diode-array detector (220-900nm) and a 250 × 4mm column packed with ODS Hypersil, CIS. Samples run on this system were eluted with a linear gradient of 2% glacial acetic acid(A) and methanol(B), 100% A - 100% B in 30-60 min, the gradient run time depending on the type of sample being analysed. Sample peaks were identified using their retention time, maximum absorbances and peak spectra relative to known phenolic standards. All samples containing phenolics were extracted in 100% methanol by homogenization (Polytron AG Kinematic, Switzerland) at 13,500 rpm for 2 × 90 sec. The homogenate was then centrifuged at 1·000g for 10 min. The resulting supernatant was analysed for phenolics by HPLC.

scholarly journals Chemical Aspects of Gut Metabolism of Flavonoids

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehong Han
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Small World ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cleavage Reaction ◽  
Ether Cleavage ◽  
Aryl Methyl ◽  
Gut Metabolism

The intestine is a small world where all the chemical reactions are operated by gut microbiota. Study on the gut metabolism of natural products is a new and expanding research area that leads to new bioactive metabolites, as well as novel chemical reactions. To provide exemplary cases, flavonoid biotransformation by intestinal bacteria with focus on S-equol biosynthesis and aryl methyl ether cleavage reaction, is described in this review.

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