scholarly journals Concentrative Nucleoside Transporter 3 Is Located on Microvilli of Vaginal Epithelial Cells

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (33) ◽  
pp. 20882-20889
Author(s):  
Paul Webster ◽  
Kaori Saito ◽  
John Cortez ◽  
Christina Ramirez ◽  
Marc M. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Concentrative Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (slc29a1) localization on vaginal epithelial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Paul Webster ◽  
John Cortez ◽  
Simon Webster ◽  
Manjula Gunawardana ◽  
Richard B Pyles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Herpes simplex virus type 2 virion host shutoff protein suppresses innate dsRNA antiviral pathways in human vaginal epithelial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Dan Yao ◽  
Kenneth Lee Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Antiviral Responses ◽  
Virion Host Shutoff ◽  
Vaginal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Simplex Virus

Viruses that establish persistent infections have evolved numerous strategies to evade host innate antiviral responses. We functionally assessed the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) virion host shutoff (vhs) protein on innate immune sensing pathways in human vaginal epithelial cells (VK2 ECs). Infection of cells with wild-type (WT) HSV-2 significantly decreased expression of innate immune sensors of viral infection, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR3, retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (Mda-5), relative to cells infected with a mutant that lacks vhs (vhsB) or mock-infected cells. Transfection with HSV-2 vhs similarly decreased expression of TLR2, TLR3, RIG-I and Mda-5, which was also confirmed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. vhsB infection of VK2 cells caused robust increases in the active form of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)3 and its translocation to the nucleus compared with the WT. Additionally, IRF3 activation by Sendai virus and polyinosinic : polycytidylic acid-induced stimulation of beta interferon (IFN-β) was significantly inhibited in vhs-transfected cells. Overall, our findings provide the first evidence that HSV-2 vhs plays roles in selectively inhibiting TLR3 and RIG-I/Mda-5, as well as TLR2-mediated antiviral pathways for sensing dsRNA and effectively suppresses IFN-β antiviral responses in human vaginal ECs.

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