Exploration of the Kinetics of Toehold-Mediated Strand Displacement via Plasmon Rulers

ACS Nano ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3341-3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Xing Li ◽  
Cong-Hui Xu ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Guang-Sheng Qian ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 2594-2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Olson ◽  
Shohei Kotani ◽  
Bernard Yurke ◽  
Elton Graugnard ◽  
William L. Hughes

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1368-1374
Author(s):  
Jinbo Zhu ◽  
Filip Bošković ◽  
Bao-Nguyen T. Nguyen ◽  
Jonathan R. Nitschke ◽  
Ulrich F. Keyser

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 499a
Author(s):  
Alexander W. Cook ◽  
Bo Broadwater ◽  
Harold Kim

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (22) ◽  
pp. 10641-10658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjan Srinivas ◽  
Thomas E. Ouldridge ◽  
Petr Šulc ◽  
Joseph M. Schaeffer ◽  
Bernard Yurke ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Bo Broadwater ◽  
Alexander W. Cook ◽  
Harold D. Kim

AbstractDNA strand displacement, where a single-stranded nucleic acid invades a DNA duplex, is pervasive in genomic processes and DNA engineering applications. The kinetics of strand displacement have been studied in bulk; however, the kinetics of the underlying strand exchange were obfuscated by a slow bimolecular association step. Here, we use a novel single-molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) approach termed the “fission” assay to obtain the full distribution of first passage times of unimolecular strand displacement. At a frame time of 4.4 ms, the first passage time distribution for a 14-nt displacement domain exhibited a nearly monotonic decay with little delay. Among the eight different sequences we tested, the mean displacement time was on average 35 ms and varied by up to a factor of 13. The measured displacement kinetics also varied between complementary invaders and between RNA and DNA invaders of the same base sequence except for T→U substitution. However, displacement times were largely insensitive to the monovalent salt concentration in the range of 0.25 M to 1 M. Using a one-dimensional random walk model, we infer that the single-step displacement time is in the range of ∼30 µs to ∼300 µs depending on the base identity. The framework presented here is broadly applicable to the kinetic analysis of multistep processes investigated at the single-molecule level.


2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (16) ◽  
pp. 8152-8157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Li ◽  
Yanan Tang ◽  
Sarah M. Traynor ◽  
Xing-Fang Li ◽  
X. Chris Le

Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Fan Hong ◽  
Francesca Smith ◽  
John Goertz ◽  
Thomas Ouldridge ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Bhakti Kapadia ◽  
Nawwaf Kharma ◽  
Alen Nellikulam Davis ◽  
Nicolas Kamel ◽  
Jonathan Perreault

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a probe comprising a fluorophore and a quencher, enabling measurement of hammerhead ribozyme cleavage reactions, without labeled RNA molecules, regular sampling or use of polyacrylamide gels. The probe is made of two DNA strands; one strand is labelled with a fluorophore at its 5’-end, while the other strand is labelled with a quencher at its 3’-end. These two DNA strands are perfectly complementary, but with a 3’-overhang of the fluorophore strand. These unpaired nucleotides act as a toehold, which is utilized by a detached cleaved fragment (coming from a self-cleaving hammerhead ribozyme) as the starting point for a strand displacement reaction. This reaction causes the separation of the fluorophore strand from the quencher strand, culminating in fluorescence, detectable in a plate reader. Notably, the emitted fluorescence is proportional to the amount of detached cleaved-off RNAs, displacing the DNA quencher strand. This method can replace or complement radio-hazardous unstable 32P as a method of measurement of the kinetics of ribozyme cleavage reactions; it also eliminates the need for polyacrylamide gels, for the same purpose. Critically, this method allows to distinguish between the total amount of cleaved ribozymes and the amount of detached fragments, resulting from that cleavage reaction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Kang ◽  
Tong Lin ◽  
Xiaojin Xu ◽  
Qing-Shan Jia ◽  
Richard Lakerveld ◽  
...  

AbstractWe present a simple and effective scheme of a dynamic switch for DNA nanostructures. Under such a framework of toehold-free strand displacement, blocking strands at an excess amount are applied to displace the complementation of specific segments of paired duplexes. The functional mechanism of the scheme is illustrated by modelling the base pairing kinetics of competing strands on a target strand. Simulation reveals the unique properties of toehold-free strand displacement in equilibrium control, which can be leveraged for information processing. Based on the controllable dynamics in the binding of preformed DNA nanostructures, a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) Boolean function is controlled by the presence of the blockers. In conclusion, we implement two MIMO Boolean functions (one with 4-bit input and 2-bit output, and the other with 16-bit input and 8-bit output) to showcase the controllable dynamics.


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