scholarly journals Targeted Inhibition of Tumor Inflammation and Tumor-Platelet Crosstalk by Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Mitigates Cancer Metastasis

ACS Nano ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujie Li ◽  
Lian Li ◽  
Xi Lin ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Chaohui Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Tumor Inflammation ◽  
Targeted Inhibition

scholarly journals Overcoming physiological barriers by nanoparticles for intravenous drug delivery to the lymph nodes

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110107
Author(s):  
Noah Trac ◽  
Eun Ji Chung
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Rapid Clearance ◽  
Nanoparticle Design ◽  
Lymph Node Targeting

The lymph nodes are major sites of cancer metastasis and immune activity, and thus represent important clinical targets. Although not as well-studied compared to subcutaneous administration, intravenous drug delivery is advantageous for lymph node delivery as it is commonly practiced in the clinic and has the potential to deliver therapeutics systemically to all lymph nodes. However, rapid clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system, tight junctions of the blood vascular endothelium, and the collagenous matrix of the interstitium can limit the efficiency of lymph node drug delivery, which has prompted research into the design of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. In this mini review, we describe the physiological and biological barriers to lymph node targeting, how they inform nanoparticle design, and discuss the future outlook of lymph node targeting.

scholarly journals Unlocking the Power of Exosomes for Crossing Biological Barriers in Drug Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Omarkhail Elliott ◽  
Mei He
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Biological Barriers ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Traffic Control System

Since the 2013 Nobel Prize was awarded for the discovery of vesicle trafficking, a subgroup of nanovesicles called exosomes has been driving the research field to a new regime for understanding cellular communication. This exosome-dominated traffic control system has increased understanding of many diseases, including cancer metastasis, diabetes, and HIV. In addition to the important diagnostic role, exosomes are particularly attractive for drug delivery, due to their distinctive properties in cellular information transfer and uptake. Compared to viral and non-viral synthetic systems, the natural, cell-derived exosomes exhibit intrinsic payload and bioavailability. Most importantly, exosomes easily cross biological barriers, obstacles that continue to challenge other drug delivery nanoparticle systems. Recent emerging studies have shown numerous critical roles of exosomes in many biological barriers, including the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), blood–lymph barrier (BlyB), blood–air barrier (BAB), stromal barrier (SB), blood–labyrinth barrier (BLaB), blood–retinal barrier (BRB), and placental barrier (PB), which opens exciting new possibilities for using exosomes as the delivery platform. However, the systematic reviews summarizing such discoveries are still limited. This review covers state-of-the-art exosome research on crossing several important biological barriers with a focus on the current, accepted models used to explain the mechanisms of barrier crossing, including tight junctions. The potential to design and engineer exosomes to enhance delivery efficacy, leading to future applications in precision medicine and immunotherapy, is discussed.

scholarly journals Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Inhibition of Notch Signaling in Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Mamaeva ◽  
Jessica M Rosenholm ◽  
Laurel Tabe Bate-Eya ◽  
Lotta Bergman ◽  
Emilia Peuhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Targeted Inhibition

scholarly journals Engineering of Exosomes to Target Cancer Metastasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjiang Zhang ◽  
Jenna A. Dombroski ◽  
Michael R. King
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Target Cancer

AbstractAs a nanoscale subset of extracellular vehicles, exosomes represent a new pathway of intercellular communication by delivering cargos such as proteins and nucleic acids to recipient cells. Importantly, it has been well documented that exosome-mediated delivery of such cargo is involved in many pathological processes such as tumor progression, cancer metastasis, and development of drug resistance. Innately biocompatible and possessing ideal structural properties, exosomes offer distinct advantages for drug delivery over artificial nanoscale drug carriers. In this review, we summarize recent progress in methods for engineering exosomes including isolation techniques and exogenous cargo encapsulation, with a focus on applications of engineered exosomes to target cancer metastasis.

scholarly journals (20S)G-Rh2 Inhibits NF-κB Regulated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting Annexin A2

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Shi Wang ◽  
He Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Shiyin Zhang ◽  
Ying-Hua Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Precipitation Analysis ◽  
Targeted Inhibition ◽  
Cellular Thermal Shift Assay

(1) Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step for cancer metastasis; targeting EMT is an important path for cancer treatment and drug development. NF-κB, an important transcription factor, has been shown to be responsible for cancer metastasis by enhancing the EMT process. Our previous studies showed that (20S)Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) inhibits NF-κB activity by targeting Anxa2, but it is still not known whether this targeted inhibition of NF-κB can inhibit the EMT process. (2) Methods: In vivo (20S)G-Rh2-Anxa2 interaction was assessed by cellular thermal shift assay. Protein interaction was determined by immuno-precipitation analysis. NF-κB activity was determined by dual luciferase reporter assay. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR and immuno-blot. EMT was evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assay and EMT regulating gene expression. (3) Results: Anxa2 interacted with the NF-κB p50 subunit, promoted NF-κB activation, then accelerated mesenchymal-like gene expression and enhanced cell motility; all these cellular processes were inhibited by (20S)G-Rh2. In contrast, these (20S)G-Rh2 effect were completely eliminated by overexpression of Anxa2-K301A, an (20S)G-Rh2-binding-deficient mutant of Anxa2. (4) Conclusion: (20S)G-Rh2 inhibited NF-κB activation and related EMT by targeting Anxa2 in MDA-MB-231 cells.

scholarly journals Exosomes as Powerful Engines in Cancer: Isolation, Characterization and Detection Techniques

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Marwa Gamal Saad ◽  
Haluk Beyenal ◽  
Wen-Ji Dong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Protective Environment ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Novel Drug

Exosomes, powerful extracellular nanovesicles released from almost all types of living cells, are considered the communication engines (messengers) that control and reprogram physiological pathways inside target cells within a community or between different communities. The cell-like structure of these extracellular vesicles provides a protective environment for their proteins and DNA/RNA cargos, which serve as biomarkers for many malicious diseases, including infectious diseases and cancers. Cancer-derived exosomes control cancer metastasis, prognosis, and development. In addition to the unique structure of exosomes, their nanometer size and tendency of interacting with cells makes them a viable novel drug delivery solution. In recent years, numerous research efforts have been made to quantify and characterize disease-derived exosomes for diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutic purposes. This review aims to (1) relate exosome biomarkers to their origins, (2) focus on current isolation and detection methods, (3) discuss and evaluate the proposed technologies deriving from exosome research for cancer treatment, and (4) form a conclusion about the prospects of the current exosome research.

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