Solar-Powered Sustainable Water Production: State-of-the-Art Technologies for Sunlight–Energy–Water Nexus

ACS Nano ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengtong Li ◽  
Xingtao Xu ◽  
Xinran Sheng ◽  
Peng Lin ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Sunlight Energy

Deployment of State-of-the-Art Horizontal Pumping System HPS Technology in Two Water Wells to Avoid ESP Workovers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Nahed Alrabeh ◽  
Zulkiflie Bin Samsudine ◽  
Salvador Alejandro Ruvalcaba Velarde ◽  
Faisal Mohammed Alhajri
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Artificial Lift ◽  
Cooling Unit ◽  
Trial Test

Abstract The objective of this paper is to present the findings obtained from a detailed engineering evaluation resulting from trial testing two state-of-the-art surface horizontal pumping systems (HPS's) in two water supply wells. The two horizontal pumping systems were deployed as an alternative to downhole electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) to provide the benefits of eliminating ESP workover costs, modularity regarding wellsite deployments, and enhanced maintenance operations. For this trial test evaluation method, two HPS's were deployed to boost water production to the water injection plant (WIP). To ensure a thorough evaluation, the trial test well candidates were designed to accommodate both a subsurface ESP as well as a surface HPS to provide an accurate comparison, and representation, between the different artificial lift methods. The trial test and comparison method described in this paper focused primarily on the following items; maintenance and well intervention requirements, evaluation of operational availability, including potential for cavitation and effects of interference, maximum production rates, as well as root cause engineering evaluations for mechanical seals and cooling unit auxiliary motors. Various best practices and mitigation measures were identified and are presented in this paper. With regard to the results, it was observed that each artificial lift method comprised a set of advantages and disadvantages. The decision on which type of technology to use can be dependent on several factors. Overall, the HPS's demonstrated the ability to supply water production to the WIP. The HPS did experience operational challenges in providing higher production requirements. Additional challenges were also observed in the sealing mechanism as well as the auxiliary cooling unit. Precautionary pump tripping automated protocols were taken to prevent pump cavitation due to sub-optimal intake pressure resulting from possible interference. The HPS, unlike the ESPs, did not require any workover as it is located at the wellsite and therefore resulted in substantial cost savings and was easy to maintain due to its surface application. In summary, this paper adds a new and very beneficial evaluation of HPS's, and highlights best practices and lessons learned to the existing body of literature. The new information discussed in this paper is highly beneficial to engineering selections of artificial lift methods and to the successful implementation of HPS's in the industry.

scholarly journals Photothermal materials for efficient solar powered steam generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenghua Liu ◽  
Yijian Lai ◽  
Binyuan Zhao ◽  
Robert Bradley ◽  
Weiping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Heat Management ◽  
Solar Powered

Abstract Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field of energy harvest and sustainable technologies. The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency. Moreover, the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront. Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices, a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results. This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery, material selection, structural design and mass/heat management, as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy. It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments. This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials, towards efficient, low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.

Experimental, Theoretical and CFD Validations for Solar Powered Atmospheric Water Generation Using Thermoelectric Technics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsheekh ◽  
Saleh E. Najim ◽  
Hussein S. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Model Size ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
South Of Iraq

The Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG) is an environmental water recovery that easily dehumidifies water vapor moisture from the air. This article presents an experiment to construct an AWG model using solar energy as a source of power. An experimental and numerical study for a device of (AWG) is performed. The experimental work is performed at Basrah city, located in the south of Iraq, during August and September of 2019 and March of 2020. The theoretical results are calculated by EES and the numerical study has been conducted by the (ANSYS19/CFD/ FLUENT) program. The experimental device is tested for different days with different climate conditions. The Maximum water production obtained is 3.4 L/day from all the testing days, for different hours of operation when the relative humidity in the range of (45 – 95 %) and the temperature range from 17 °C to 45 °C. The results shown that, the water production rate is increased with increasing humidity, temperatures, hours of operation, and model size.

Autonomous solar powered membrane distillation systems: state of the art

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (48-49) ◽  
pp. 23038-23051 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zhani ◽  
K. Zarzoum ◽  
H. Ben Bacha ◽  
J. Koschikowski ◽  
D. Pfeifle
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Solar Powered

Cost Optimization of a Solar Humidification-Dehumidification Desalination System Augmented by Thermal Energy Storage

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Jihun Kim ◽  
Karim Hamza ◽  
Mohamed El Morsi ◽  
Ashraf O. Nassef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Water Production ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Solar Powered

Solar-powered water desalination is one of the promising approaches for addressing fresh water scarcity in the Middle-East, North Africa, and areas of similar climate around the world. Humidification-dehumidification (HDH) is a scalable, commercially-viable technology that primarily utilizes thermal energy in order to extract fresh water from a high salinity water source. Because of inherent variability and uncertainty in solar energy availability due to daily and seasonal cycles, solar-powered HDH desalination systems may benefit from installing thermal energy storage (TES). TES can allow higher utilization of the installed system components and thus reduce the overall lifecycle cost of fresh water production. This work presents a configuration for a HDH desalination system augmented by TES. The system is optimized using Genetic Algorithms (GA) for minimum total annual cost (TAC) per unit volume of produced potable water while satisfying a preset potable water demand. The optimum results for the same location and cost function are compared with results from a previous system which does not have TES. The comparison shows a considerable reduction in potable water production cost when TES is utilized in addition to the benefit of smaller variation in water production across the day.

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