Genetic Variants and Haplotypes of Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 and Reelin Genes May Be Linked with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Egyptian Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 2094-2103
Author(s):  
Wafaa Moustafa M. Abo El Fotoh ◽  
Noha Rabie Bayomy ◽  
Zeinab A. Kasemy ◽  
Ahmed Moustafa Barain ◽  
Basma Mofed Shalaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Egyptian Children

scholarly journals Shared genetic background between children and adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rovira ◽  
Ditte Demontis ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Mora ◽  
Tetyana Zayats ◽  
Marieke Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Common Genetic Variants ◽  
Shared Genetic

AbstractAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity that persist into adulthood in the majority of the diagnosed children. Despite several risk factors during childhood predicting the persistence of ADHD symptoms into adulthood, the genetic architecture underlying the trajectory of ADHD over time is still unclear. We set out to study the contribution of common genetic variants to the risk for ADHD across the lifespan by conducting meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies on persistent ADHD in adults and ADHD in childhood separately and comparing the genetic background between them in a total sample of 17,149 cases and 32,411 controls. Our results show nine new independent loci and support a shared contribution of common genetic variants to ADHD in children and adults. No subgroup heterogeneity was observed among children, while this group consists of future remitting and persistent individuals. We report similar patterns of genetic correlation of ADHD with other ADHD-related datasets and different traits and disorders among adults, children and when combining both groups. These findings confirm that persistent ADHD in adults is a neurodevelopmental disorder and extend the existing hypothesis of a shared genetic architecture underlying ADHD and different traits to a lifespan perspective.

scholarly journals Reward sensitivity, affective neuroscience personality, symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and TPH2-703G/T (rs4570625) genotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Pulver ◽  
Evelyn Kiive ◽  
Jaanus Harro
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

AbstractObjective:Reward sensitivity is an increasingly used construct in psychiatry, yet its possible inner structure and relationship with other affective variables are not well known.Methods:A reward sensitivity measurement scale was constructed on the basis of large item pool collected from birth cohort representative samples (the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study; original n = 1238). Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS) and the Adult Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale (ASRS) were administered in young adulthood. A variant (rs4570625) of the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) that is responsible for the synthesis of central serotonin was genotyped.Results:Reward sensitivity consisted of two orthogonal components, operationally defined as Openness to Rewards and Insatiability by Reward, that respectively characterise the striving towards multiple rewards and the strong pursuit and fixation to a particular reward. While SEEKING and PLAY (and to lower extent CARE) of the ANPS co-varied with Openness to Rewards, FEAR, SADNESS, and ANGER were related to Insatiability by Reward. The total score of ASRS was moderately correlated with Insatiability by Reward, while the association with Openness to Rewards was negligible. However, ASRS Inattention had some negative relationship with the Social Experience facet of Openness to Rewards. The T/T homozygotes for the TPH2 promoter polymorphism had lower Insatiability by Reward but not Openness to Rewards.Conclusions:Behaviours sensitive to rewards are separable to the components of variability and fixation, and these components are differentially related to affective aspects of personality, attention, and hyperactivity as well as to TPH2 genotype.

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