Melt Spinning of Cellulose Nanofibril/Polylactic Acid (CNF/PLA) Composite Fibers For High Stiffness

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlyn M. Clarkson ◽  
Sami M. El Awad Azrak ◽  
Reaz Chowdhury ◽  
Shoumya Nandy Shuvo ◽  
James Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibril ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
High Stiffness

scholarly journals Starch-Based Fishing Composite Fiber and Its Degradation Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wenwen Yu ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yongli Liu ◽  
Jiangao Shi
Keyword(s):  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Reactive Blending ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
One Step ◽  
Β Relaxation

The starch-based fishing composite fibers were prepared by one-step reactive extrusion and melt spinning. The effects of starch contents on the microstructural, thermal, dynamic mechanical, and mechanical properties of starch-based composite fibers were studied. And the degradation behaviors in soil of the fibers were also investigated. The compatibility between starch and HDPE is improved significantly by grafting maleic anhydride (MA) using one-step reactive blending extrusion. As the starch content increased, the melting temperature and the crystallinity of the fibers gradually decreased due to fluffy internal structures. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the transition peak α in the high-temperature region was gradually weakened and narrowed with increasing starch content; moreover, a shoulder appeared on the low-temperature side of the α peak was assigned to the β-relaxation related to starch phase. In addition, the mechanical results showed the significant decrease in the breaking strength and increase in the elongation at break of the starch-based composite fibers as the starch content increased. After degradation in soil for 5 months, the surface of the composite fibers had been deteriorated, while flocculent layers were observed and a large number of microfibers appeared. And the weight loss rate of the starch-based composite fibers (5.2~34.8%) significantly increased with increasing starch content (50~90 wt%).

Effect of montmorillonite on the oxidative stability of polyphenylene sulfide fibers prepared by melt spinning

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110134
Author(s):  
Jian Xing ◽  
Shunhua Dai ◽  
Zhong Chen ◽  
Yongkang Wang ◽  
Zhenghua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Oxidation Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Chemical Combination ◽  
Induction Temperature

Masterbatches of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)/organic montmorillonite (MMT) composites were produced via melt blending. A self-made spinning equipment was then used to produce the PPS/organic MMT composite fibers by melt spinning directly from the masterbatches. X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope were used to examine the dispersibility of organic MMT. The morphology, tensile property, crystallization behavior, and oxidative stability of PPS fibers were investigated. The results indicated that organic MMT could be uniformly distributed in the PPS matrix to form a mixed dispersion of intercalated and exfoliated structure and influence the longitudinal surface morphology of fibers to become rough. The roughness of composite fibers surface was proportional to the content of organic MMT. The organic MMT nanolayers could act as the heterogeneous nucleating agents to improve the crystallization, and the crystallity of composite fibers increased with the increase of organic MMT content. The breaking strength of composite fibers first increased and then decreased by increasing the amount of organic MMT. After the oxidation treatment, the breaking strength of neat PPS fibers and composite fibers declined, but the degree of breaking strength loss for composite fibers is lower than that of neat PPS fibers. The dynamic oxidation induction temperature of composite fibers also showed a significant increase by adding organic MMT. Moreover, the addition of organic MMT could limit the chemical combination of element sulfur and oxygen, retard the generation of sulfoxide groups, and induce the conversion of sulfur atoms from C-S bond to sulfone for improving oxidative stability.

scholarly journals Negative Air Ion Release and Far Infrared Emission Properties of Polyethylene terephthalate/Germanium Composite Fiber

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yanan Zhu ◽  
Mingqiao Ge
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Germanium Content ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
Germanium Concentration

PET/germanium composite fibers that with negative air ion release and far infrared emission properties were prepared by adding germanium particles to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and melt-spinning. The morphology, effect of the germanium content on the negative air ion release, far infrared emission, thermal and mechanical properties of the fibers were investigated. The germanium particles uniformly disperse in the PET fibers when the concentration ranged from 1% to 3 percent. The value of the negative air ions released by the PET/germanium composite fibers increased with increasing content of germanium and reached 1470 ions/cm-3 at 3% germanium concentration. The highest far infrared normal emissivity (0.9) was obtained at 3% germanium concentration. The TG and DSC analysis revealed that the two heat histories used had little effect on the PET. The crystallinity of the composite fibers decreased with increasing germanium content. Water fastness testing showed that the PET/germanium composite fibers had excellent and durable negative air ion release and far infrared emission properties. The breaking strength of the fibers decreased with increasing of the germanium content.

Preparation and characterization of polyphenylene sulfide/graphene nanoplatelets composite fibers with enhanced oxidation resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Xing ◽  
Zhenzhen Xu ◽  
Qing-Qing Ni ◽  
Huizhen Ke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Oxidation Treatment ◽  
X Ray

Composite masterbatches of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were prepared by melt blending via a twin-screw extruder. The structure and morphology of composite masterbatches were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The PPS/functionalized GNPs composite fibers were then manufactured by a self-made spinning equipment via melt spinning. The oxidation resistance and other properties of PPS composite fibers were also examined. The results showed that the pure PPS fibers exhibited smooth surface, whereas the surface of PPS/functionalized GNPs composite fibers was rough. The addition of functionalized GNPs could be acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents to improve the crystallization and increase the degree of crystallinity. The retention rate of breaking strength of PPS/functionalized GNPs composite fibers could maintain up to 85% after the oxidation treatment. The improvement in the oxidation resistance of PPS/functionalized GNPs composite fibers is the results of comprehensive effects characterized by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The addition of functionalized GNPs could limit the damage of the C–S group and retard the generation of sulfuryl groups (–SO–) during the oxidation treatment. The chemical combination of the elements sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) could also be restricted, thus weakening the oxidation activity.

scholarly journals Improved Thermal Processing of Polylactic Acid/Oxidized Starch Composites and Flame-Retardant Behavior of Intumescent Non-Wovens

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maqsood ◽  
Gunnar Seide
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Native Starch ◽  
Oxidized Starch ◽  
Melt Spun

Thermoplastic processing and spinning of native starch is very challenging due to (a) the linear and branched polymers (amylose and amylopectin) present in its structure and (b) the presence of inter-and-intramolecular hydrogen bond linkages in its macromolecules that restrict the molecular chain mobility. Therefore, in this study, oxidized starch (OS) (obtained after oxidation of native starch with sodium perborate) was melt-blended with polylactic acid (PLA) polymer to prepare PLA/OS blends that were then mixed together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a halogen-free flame retardant (FR) used as acid donor in intumescent formulations on twin-screw extruder to prepare PLA/OS/APP composites. OS with different concentrations also served as bio-based carbonic source in intumescent formulations. PLA/OS/APP composites were melt spun to multifilament fibers on pilot scale melt-spinning machine and their crystallinity and mechanical properties were optimized by varying spinning parameters. The crystallinity of the fibers was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal stabilities were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the surface morphology and dispersion of the additives in the fibers. Needle-punched non-woven fabrics from as prepared melt-spun PLA/OS/APP fibers were developed and their fire properties such as heat release rate, total heat release, time to ignition, residual mass % etc. by cone calorimetry test were measured. It was found that PLA/OS/APP composites can be melt spun to multifilament fibers and non-woven flame-retardant fabrics produced thereof can be used in industrial FR applications.

Preparation and Properties of RE/Novel Polyamide Composite Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 839-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Qing Xiu Jia ◽  
Guo Liang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanide Complexes ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doping Technique ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rare Earth Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

Eu(TTA)3phen of Lanthanide complexes was synthesized, and the biobased aliphatic copolyamides (novel PA) were synthesized by condensing the biobased diacids and diamines. The luminescent europium composite fibers, Eu (TTA)3phen/bio-PA,were prepared by doping technique, and by using melt spinning method, we obtained Eu (TTA)3phen/novel PA composite fibers. The phase structure and the relationship between the fluorescence intensity of composite materials with added rare earth content were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence spectra and X-ray diffraction.

scholarly journals Dry-spinning of cellulose nanocrystal/polylactic acid composite fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlyn M Clarkson ◽  
Jeffrey P Youngblood
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Dry Spinning

Study on the Properties of Melt Spinning PAN/MWNTs Composite Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 567-570
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Ke Qing Han ◽  
Wen Hui Zhang ◽  
Bin Yan ◽  
Yin Cai Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Conductive Properties ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polyacrylonitrile（PAN）/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) composite fibers were prepared by melt spinning using ionic liquids (ILs) as a plasticizer. The effects of different MWNTs contents on the morphology, mechanical and conductive properties of the composite fibers were discussed. The results showed that property improvements have occurred with the adding of MWNTs. When the content of MWNTs reached 10%, the conductivity of PAN/MWNTs was 8.65×10-3 S/cm.

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