scholarly journals In-Situ X-ray Spectroscopy of the Electric Double Layer around TiO2 Nanoparticles Dispersed in Aqueous Solution: Implications for H2 Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hebatallah Ali ◽  
Ronny Golnak ◽  
Robert Seidel ◽  
Bernd Winter ◽  
Jie Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H2 Generation

In Situ Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Space Charge Layer in a ZnO-Based All-Solid-State Electric Double-Layer Transistor

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (16) ◽  
pp. 10487-10493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tsuchiya ◽  
Yaomi Itoh ◽  
Yoshikazu Yamaoka ◽  
Shigenori Ueda ◽  
Yukihiro Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Space Charge Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Charge Layer

Electric Double Layer at the Rutile (110) Surface. 2. Adsorption of Ions from Molecular Dynamics and X-ray Experiments

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (32) ◽  
pp. 12061-12072 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Předota ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
P. Fenter ◽  
D. J. Wesolowski ◽  
P. T. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
X Ray

Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors Using Boron Nitrogen Double-Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Conductive Additive

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950080
Author(s):  
Hao Hu ◽  
Xiaogang Sun ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Conductive Additive ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors ◽  
Boron Nitrogen

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were doped by ammonium borate as the sources of nitrogen and boron. Under the protection of Ar gas, boron-nitrogen doped CNTs were prepared through nitriding and boronization at high temperature. It is a conductive additive. Then, the obtained CNTs were mixed with activated carbon (AC), SP, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cellulose fiber to prepare electrodes. With all the materials, a symmetric electric double-layer supercapacitor (EDLC) was assembled. Next, the materials and electrodes were also characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The factors, chemical connections, and specific surface area of the CNTs were analyzed by X-ray energy spectrum analysis (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as a specific surface area and porosimetry analyzer (BET). In addition, the electrochemical performances of electric double-layer capacitors were tested with the help of cyclic voltammetry, constant-current charging and discharging, and so on. From the results, we can make a conclusion, that is, both B and N atoms were added into the CNTs and formed bonds successfully with carbon atoms mutually. Besides, the specific surface area is about 1.5 times than that of the CNT. When the charge/discharge current density reaches 50[Formula: see text]mA/g, we can find that the mass specific capacitance of the capacitor can run up to 32.19[Formula: see text]F/g. Also, we observe that the maximum power density is close to 220[Formula: see text]W/kg (700[Formula: see text]mA/g), and the energy density can arrive 9.31[Formula: see text]Wh/kg (50[Formula: see text]mA/g). Based on the impedance test, the electrodes are characterized with low impedance. After 2000 cycles, the boron-nitrogen doped double-layer capacitors maintain a capacitance retention ratio of above 95%. Its power density can still achieve 220[Formula: see text]W/kg when the energy density keeps at 3.46[Formula: see text]Wh/kg. In other words, the electrochemical performance functions of the electric double-layer capacitors are enhanced while the CNTs serve as the electrodes.

Dynamical Response of the Electric Double Layer Structure of the DEME-TFSI Ionic Liquid to Potential Changes Observed by Time-Resolved X-ray Reflectivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Voegeli ◽  
Etsuo Arakawa ◽  
Tadashi Matsushita ◽  
Osami Sakata ◽  
Yusuke Wakabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Dynamical Response ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe interface between the N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (DEME-TFSI) ionic liquid and a gold (111) surface was investigated with time-resolved X-ray reflectivity in order to clarify the dynamics of structural changes of the electric double layer after changing the electrode potential. In the experiment, the potential was switched repeatedly between +1.5 V and −1.5 V every 2 s or every 0.3 s, while measuring the specular X-ray reflectivity. When the potential was switched every 2 s, the time dependence of the reflectivity was different from that of the accumulated charge. This indicates structural relaxation processes that occur on a slower time scale than the acummulation of the charge at the electric double layer.When the potential was switched every 0.3 s, on the other hand, the reflectivity changes followed the evolution of the charge of the electric double layer within the experimental precision, indicating that slow relaxation processes without charge transfer do not contribute significantly to structural changes at this time scale.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document