Biofouling-Resistant Porous Membranes with a Precisely Adjustable Pore Diameter via 3D Polymer Grafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 18268-18275
Author(s):  
Hidenori Kuroki ◽  
Alexey Gruzd ◽  
Igor Tokarev ◽  
Taras Patsahan ◽  
Jaroslav Ilnytskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Polymer Grafting

Application of An Organic Plant-Derived Binder in the Fabrication of Diatomaceous Earth Waste-Based Membranes for Water Purification Systems

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (26) ◽  
pp. 1339-1348
Author(s):  
Mary T. Simiyu ◽  
Francis W. Nyongesa ◽  
Bernard O. Aduda ◽  
Zephania Birech ◽  
Godwin Mwebaze
Keyword(s):  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Total Flux ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Micro Organisms

ABSTRACTThis work reports on the use of diatomaceous earth (DE) waste and organic binder derived from Corchorus olitorius, locally known as “Mrenda” in the design of an efficient water filtration membranes. Charcoal powder was incorporated to enhance the porosity of the membrane. The firing was done at temperatures varying from 700.0 °C to 1150.0 °C. The DE waste samples comprised 79.0% silica (by mass) and 11.0% total flux content compared to porter’s clay that had 50.0% silica, 28.8% AL2O3 and 7.0% total flux content. On the other hand, the “Mrenda” binder contained 6.5% total organic matter. The use of the plant-derived binder enhanced the mechanical strength of the greenware by 52.7% and the fired membranes by 152.2%. The fabricated DE waste-based membranes were 15.0% stronger than clay-based ceramic membranes prepared under similar conditions. A sintering temperature of 900.0 °C was optimal in producing porous membranes for filtering of 4.1 liters of water per hour. The pore diameter of the membranes fabricated from DE waste only ranged between 2.0 nm – 99.0 nm. On micro-organisms filtering efficacy, the DE waste-based membranes and those fabricated with 5.0% charcoal were 99.9% and 88.4% effective in the removal of E. coli and Rotavirus respectively.

Study on the influence on the formation of highly ordered porous anodic aluminia membrane

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Pong-Sik ◽  
Ryang Se-Hun ◽  
Sin Gum-Chol ◽  
Hwang Guk-Nam ◽  
yongson hong
Keyword(s):  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Aao Template ◽  
Alumina Template ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrochemical Mechanism ◽  
Porous Anodic Alumina Template ◽  
Ordered Porous ◽  
Anodic Alumina Template ◽  
Scanning Electron

We have studied porous anodic alumina template through the second anodic oxidation of preparation. Observing the morphology of nanoscale AAO template using scanning electron microscope (SEM), the results indicate that the pores are orderly paralleled arranged with uniform pore diameter, perpendicular to the template surface. A detailed study of the influence of different oxidation conditions, such as different type of electrolyte, concentration, voltage and temperature on the template of alumina and its electrochemical mechanism were performed. By changing the oxidation voltage, electrolyte type, concentration, pore diameter and template thickness can be altered in a wide range such that we can obtain the desired aspect ratio. <br>

Fuels Desulphurisation by Adsorbtion on Fe / Bentonite

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-486
Author(s):  
Constantin Sorin Ion ◽  
Mihaela Bombos ◽  
Gabriel Vasilievici ◽  
Dorin Bombos
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Atmospheric Distillation

Desulfurisation of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil was performed by adsorption process on Fe/ bentonite. The adsorbent was characterized by determining the adsorption isotherms, specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter. Adsorption experiments of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil were performed in continuous system at 280�320oC, 5 atm and volume hourly space velocities of 1�2 h-1. The efficiency of adsorption on Fe / bentonite was better at desulphurisation of gasoline versus gas oil.

scholarly journals The Influence of Drying-Wetting Cycles on the Suction Stress of Compacted Loess and the Associated Microscopic Mechanism

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1809
Author(s):  
Yongpeng Nie ◽  
Wankui Ni ◽  
Xiangning Li ◽  
Haiman Wang ◽  
Kangze Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Matric Suction ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Suction Stress ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soil Pores ◽  
Paper Method ◽  
Compacted Loess

To better understand and analyze the unsaturated stability of loess filling body, it is necessary to study the changes in suction stress before and after the drying-wetting cycles. In this study, the SWCC of compacted loess before and after drying-wetting cycles was tested using the filter paper method. Then, the suction stress was calculated and the microstructure of the loess sample was determined by the SEM and NMR. The results showed that the drying-wetting cycles had an important influence on the SSCC and microstructure of compacted loess. The change in suction stress before and after the drying-wetting cycles can be well explained by the loess microstructure. The drying-wetting cycles did not significantly change the basic trend of the compacted loess’s SSCC, but it increased the porosity and the dominant pore diameter of loess, and reduced the suction stress under the same matric suction. The main significant change in suction stress with matric suction occurred within the range of the dominant soil pores. The larger the dominant pore diameter, the smaller the suction stress under the same matric suction. In addition, this study proposes a new method for calculating suction stress based on the PSD parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of pore diameter on the elution behavior of analytes from thermoresponsive polymer grafted beads packed columns

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nagase ◽  
Yuta Umemoto ◽  
Hideko Kanazawa
Keyword(s):  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Packed Columns ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Thermoresponsive Polymer ◽  
Thermoresponsive Polymers ◽  
Column Temperature ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Temperature Responsive ◽  
Elution Behavior

AbstractTemperature-responsive chromatography using thermoresponsive polymers is innovative and can control analyte retention via column temperature. Analyte elution behavior in this type of chromatography depends on the modified thermoresponsive polymer and the structure of the base materials. In the present study, we examine the effect of the pore diameter of silica beads on analyte elution behavior in temperature-responsive chromatography. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-n-butyl methacrylate) hydrogel was applied to beads of various pore sizes: 7, 12, and 30 nm. Almost the same amount of copolymer hydrogel was applied to all beads, indicating that the efficiency of copolymer modification was independent of pore size. Analyte retention on prepared beads in a packed column was observed using steroids, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates as analytes. Analyte retention times increased with temperature on packed columns of 12- and 30-nm beads, whereas the column packed with 7-nm beads exhibited decreased retention times with increasing temperature. The difference in analyte elution behavior among the various pore sizes was attributed to analyte diffusion into the bead pores. These results demonstrate that bead pore diameter determines temperature-dependent elution behavior.

Aerodynamic noise from an asymmetric airfoil with perforated extension plates at the trailing edge

2020 ◽  
pp. 1475472X2097838
Author(s):  
CK Sumesh ◽  
TJS Jothi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Aerodynamic Noise ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
High Frequency Noise ◽  
Displacement Thickness

This paper investigates the noise emissions from NACA 6412 asymmetric airfoil with different perforated extension plates at the trailing edge. The length of the extension plate is 10 mm, and the pore diameters ( D) considered for the study are in the range of 0.689 to 1.665 mm. The experiments are carried out in the flow velocity ( U∞) range of 20 to 45 m/s, and geometric angles of attack ( αg) values of −10° to +10°. Perforated extensions have an overwhelming response in reducing the low frequency noise (<1.5 kHz), and a reduction of up to 6 dB is observed with an increase in the pore diameter. Contrastingly, the higher frequency noise (>4 kHz) is observed to increase with an increase in the pore diameter. The dominant reduction in the low frequency noise for perforated model airfoils is within the Strouhal number (based on the displacement thickness) of 0.11. The overall sound pressure levels of perforated model airfoils are observed to reduce by a maximum of 2 dB compared to the base airfoil. Finally, by varying the geometric angle of attack from −10° to +10°, the lower frequency noise is seen to increase, while the high frequency noise is observed to decrease.

scholarly journals Towards explicit regulating-ion-transport: nanochannels with only function-elements at outer-surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Ma ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Rongsheng Wang ◽  
Hongquan Xu ◽  
Qiujiao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ionic Selectivity ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices

AbstractFunction elements (FE) are vital components of nanochannel-systems for artificially regulating ion transport. Conventionally, the FE at inner wall (FEIW) of nanochannel−systems are of concern owing to their recognized effect on the compression of ionic passageways. However, their properties are inexplicit or generally presumed from the properties of the FE at outer surface (FEOS), which will bring potential errors. Here, we show that the FEOS independently regulate ion transport in a nanochannel−system without FEIW. The numerical simulations, assigned the measured parameters of FEOS to the Poisson and Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations, are well fitted with the experiments, indicating the generally explicit regulating-ion-transport accomplished by FEOS without FEIW. Meanwhile, the FEOS fulfill the key features of the pervious nanochannel systems on regulating-ion-transport in osmotic energy conversion devices and biosensors, and show advantages to (1) promote power density through concentrating FE at outer surface, bringing increase of ionic selectivity but no obvious change in internal resistance; (2) accommodate probes or targets with size beyond the diameter of nanochannels. Nanochannel-systems with only FEOS of explicit properties provide a quantitative platform for studying substrate transport phenomena through nanoconfined space, including nanopores, nanochannels, nanopipettes, porous membranes and two-dimensional channels.

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