Ag(I) Pyridine–Amidoxime Complex as the Catalysis Activity Domain for the Rapid Hydrolysis of Organothiophosphate-Based Nerve Agents: Mechanistic Evaluation and Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujuan Zheng ◽  
Jianping Pan ◽  
Junhao Wang ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Tongtong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Activity Domain

scholarly journals Catalytic activity and stereoselectivity of engineered phosphotriesterases towards structurally different nerve agents in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Köhler ◽  
Benjamin Escher ◽  
Laura Job ◽  
Marianne Koller ◽  
Horst Thiermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Ache Inhibition ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Chiral Lc ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Medical Countermeasures

AbstractHighly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents, especially the extremely stable and persistent V-type agents such as VX, still pose a threat to the human population and require effective medical countermeasures. Engineered mutants of the Brevundimonas diminuta phosphotriesterase (BdPTE) exhibit enhanced catalytic activities and have demonstrated detoxification in animal models, however, substrate specificity and fast plasma clearance limit their medical applicability. To allow better assessment of their substrate profiles, we have thoroughly investigated the catalytic efficacies of five BdPTE mutants with 17 different nerve agents using an AChE inhibition assay. In addition, we studied one BdPTE version that was fused with structurally disordered PAS polypeptides to enable delayed plasma clearance and one bispecific BdPTE with broadened substrate spectrum composed of two functionally distinct subunits connected by a PAS linker. Measured kcat/KM values were as high as 6.5 and 1.5 × 108 M−1 min−1 with G- and V-agents, respectively. Furthermore, the stereoselective degradation of VX enantiomers by the PASylated BdPTE-4 and the bispecific BdPTE-7 were investigated by chiral LC–MS/MS, resulting in a several fold faster hydrolysis of the more toxic P(−) VX stereoisomer compared to P(+) VX. In conclusion, the newly developed enzymes BdPTE-4 and BdPTE-7 have shown high catalytic efficacy towards structurally different nerve agents and stereoselectivity towards the toxic P(−) VX enantiomer in vitro and offer promise for use as bioscavengers in vivo.

Autocatalytic Hydrolysis of V-Type Nerve Agents

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (24) ◽  
pp. 8407-8413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chu Yang ◽  
Linda L. Szafraniec ◽  
William T. Beaudry ◽  
Dennis K. Rohrbaugh ◽  
Lawrence R. Procell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Research on hydrogen generation from rapid hydrolysis of aluminum in sodium fluoride solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 03048
Author(s):  
Changchun Li ◽  
Yuxin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Shrinking Core Model ◽  
Fluoride Solution ◽  
Shrinking Core ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrogen generation from rapid hydrolysis of aluminum in sodium fluoride solution was investigated through a hydrolysis experiment. Rapid and instant hydrogen yield were observed using sodium fluoride as additive. The experimental results demonstrate that the increase of temperature and the amount of additives in a certain range will boost the hydrogen production. The amount of additives outside the range only has an effect on the rapid hydrolysis of the aluminum during the initial stage, but the total amount of hydrogen produced doesn’t increased significantly. Theoretical analysis of the effects of the mixing ratio and the temperature on the hydrogen production rates were performed using the shrinking core model and the kinetic model. The shrinking core model parameter a and k indicate the film change degree of porosity and thickness and the effect of time on the diffusion coefficient. the kinetic model is verified and the activation energy confirming hydrogen yield control by a molecular diffusion process. Correspondingly, mechanisms of Al corrosion in NaF solutions under low and high alkalinity were proposed, respectively.

scholarly journals Hydrolysis of nerve agents by model nucleophiles: A computational study

2008 ◽  
Vol 175 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Beck ◽  
Christopher M. Hadad
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of New α-Nucleophiles for the Hydrolysis of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents: Application to the Reactivation of Phosphorylated Acetylcholinesterase.

ChemInform ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (52) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Geraldine Saint-Andre ◽  
Maria Kliachyna ◽  
Sanjeevarao Kodepelly ◽  
Ludivine Louise-Leriche ◽  
Emilie Gillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Organophosphorus Nerve Agents ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Rapid hydrolysis of ginseng saponin by microwave oven reaction: Application to ginseng drink preparation

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-391
Author(s):  
Man Ki Park ◽  
Jeong Hill Park ◽  
Sool Yeon Cho ◽  
Seung Yong Lee ◽  
Byung Hoon Han
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Ginseng Saponin ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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