Rubber Recycling: Mending the Interface between Ground Rubber Particles and Virgin Rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (42) ◽  
pp. 47957-47965
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Xuesong Yan ◽  
Honghe Liang ◽  
Georg Böhm ◽  
Li Jia
Keyword(s):  
Ground Rubber ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Rubber Recycling

RUBBER RECYCLING: CHEMISTRY, PROCESSING, AND APPLICATIONS

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Myhre ◽  
Sitisaiyidah Saiwari ◽  
Wilma Dierkes ◽  
Jacques Noordermeer
Keyword(s):  
Process Safety ◽  
Tire Industry ◽  
Ground Rubber ◽  
Rubber Surface ◽  
Rubber Recycling ◽  
Property Loss ◽  
Recycled Rubber ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Broad Interest ◽  
Recycled Material

ABSTRACT For both environmental and economic reasons, there is broad interest in recycling rubber and in the continued development of recycling technologies. The use of postindustrial materials is a fairly well-established and documented business. Much effort over the past decade has been put into dealing with of end-of-life tires from landfills and vacant fields. It is only in the last few years that more business opportunities for recycled rubber have come to the forefront. Reclaiming rubber has gained increasing interest, more so in Europe than in North America. In those areas, much work has been done to refine the processes used. The major form of recycled rubber is still ground rubber. This is produced either by cryogenic, ambient, or wet grinding. The material is then used neat with sulfur/curatives, binders, or cements. The binders are normally moisture curable urethanes, liquid polybutadienes, or latex to produce items such as mats, floor tiles, and carpet undercushion. Recycled rubber is still used as tire derived fuel, but less so than 10 years ago. Another outlet is as an additive to asphalt. Recycled rubber can be used in the plastics industry, for which much development is being done. Large particle size ground rubber or chips are used in civil engineering applications, landscaping, or artificial turf. In terms of applications, most use is outside of the conventional rubber industry. Cost factors are still addressed in the tire industry. As of 2012, approximately 8–10% recycled material is used in tires. The biggest obstacles to further adaption are safety factors and property loss. Better methods are needed for treating or modifying the rubber surface and for regenerating the rubber through devulcanization. Devulcanization gives the highest quality recycled material in terms of processing and properties. However, shortcomings to devulcanization are reduced process safety and odorous chemicals that are required at present.

Anaerobic desulfurization of ground rubber with the thermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus - a new method for rubber recycling

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Bredberg ◽  
Jonas Persson ◽  
Magdalena Christiansson ◽  
Bengt Stenberg ◽  
Olle Holst
Keyword(s):  
Pyrococcus Furiosus ◽  
New Method ◽  
Ground Rubber ◽  
Thermophilic Archaeon ◽  
Rubber Recycling

DETERMINATION OF A SUITABLE CONDITION OF GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF VINYLTRIETHOXYSILANE ONTO NR TO FORM NANOMATRIX STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanbing Zhou ◽  
Yoshimasa Yamamoto ◽  
Seiichi Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Hydrolysis And Condensation ◽  
Nanomatrix Structure

ABSTRACT Graft copolymerization of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) onto NR particles in the latex stage is a unique reaction, since it occurs together with hydrolysis and condensation of the triethoxysilane group of VTES to form a colloidal silica linking to the rubber particles. These reactions may contribute to the formation of a silica nanomatrix structure that consists of a dispersoid of rubber particles as the major component and a silica matrix as the minor component. Here, the graft copolymerization of VTES followed by hydrolysis and condensation is investigated to determine a suitable condition to prepare NR with a silica nanomatrix structure. The mechanical properties of the resulting graft copolymer are discussed in relation to the morphology, silica content, and gel content of the rubber. Based on morphological observations, NR particles with an average diameter of approximately 1 μm are well dispersed in a nanomatrix consisting of silica nanoparticles. The thickness of the silica nanomatrix increases as the monomer concentration increases, and a long incubation time generates large silica nanoparticles. The tensile strength and viscoelastic properties are significantly improved by forming the silica nanomatrix structure, with its continuous structure that prevents the NR particles from merging.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Sequence of Rubber Elongation Factor Protein Associated with Rubber Particles in Hevea Latex

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (31) ◽  
pp. 18618-18626 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Dennis ◽  
W J Henzel ◽  
J Bell ◽  
W Kohr ◽  
D R Light
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Rubber Particles

Dynamic properties of the mucky clay improved with the steel slag and the rubber particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 123489
Author(s):  
Liyan Wang ◽  
Xing Xiao ◽  
Wenwei Ji ◽  
Aimable Ishimwe ◽  
Binghui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Mucky Clay

Effects of crumb rubber particles on mechanical properties and sustainability of ultra-high-ductile slag-based composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 121959
Author(s):  
Quang-Hiếu Lương ◽  
Huy Hoàng Nguyễn ◽  
Jeong-Il Choi ◽  
Hyeong-Ki Kim ◽  
Bang Yeon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Rubber Particles

Skim and cream natural rubber particles: colloidal properties, coalescence and film formation

2003 ◽  
Vol 268 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia M Rippel ◽  
Lay-Theng Lee ◽  
Carlos A.P Leite ◽  
Fernando Galembeck
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Colloidal Properties ◽  
Rubber Particles

Preparation and characterization of polypropylene/waste ground rubber tire powder microcellular composites by supercritical carbon dioxide

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xiu Zhang ◽  
Sung Hyo Lee ◽  
Jin Kuk Kim ◽  
Shu Ling Zhang ◽  
Zhen Xiang Xin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rubber Tire ◽  
Ground Rubber ◽  
Supercritical Carbon
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