Development of a Continuous Crystallization Process of the Spironolactone Hydrate Form with a Turbidity-Based Level Control Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-768
Author(s):  
Miklós H. Bosits ◽  
Zsófia Szalay ◽  
Hajnalka Pataki ◽  
György Marosi ◽  
Ádám Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Hydrate Form ◽  
Continuous Crystallization

scholarly journals Control Strategy Based on Arm-Level Control for Output and Circulating Current of MMC in Stationary Reference Frame

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4160
Author(s):  
Waqar Uddin ◽  
Tiago D. C. Busarello ◽  
Kamran Zeb ◽  
Muhammad Adil Khan ◽  
Anil Kumar Yedluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Harmonic Component ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Circulating Current ◽  
Stationary Reference Frame ◽  
Pr Controller ◽  
Dc Component

This paper proposed a control method for output and circulating currents of modular multilevel converter (MMC). The output and circulating current are controlled with the help of arm currents, which contain DC, fundamental frequency, and double frequency components. The arm current is transformed into a stationary reference frame (SRF) to isolate the DC and AC components. The AC component is controlled with a conventional proportional resonant (PR) controller, while the DC component is controlled by a proportional controller. The effective control of the upper arm and lower arm ultimately controls the output current so that it delivers the required power to the grid and circulating current in such a way that the second harmonic component is completely vanished leaving behind only the DC component. Comparative results of leg-level control based on PR controller are included in the paper to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. A three-phase, five-level MMC is developed in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

scholarly journals A Stabilization Method Based on an Adaptive Feedforward Controller for the Underactuated Bipedal Walking with Variable Step-Length on Compliant Discontinuous Ground

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Daojin Yao ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Xiaohui Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Feedforward Controller ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptive Feedforward

Both compliance and discontinuity are the common characteristics of the real ground surface. This paper proposes a stabilization method for the underactuated bipedal locomotion on the discontinuous compliant ground. Unlike a totally new control method, the method is actually a high-level control strategy developed based on an existing low-level controller meant for the continuous compliant ground. As a result, although the ground environment is more complex, the calculation cost for the robot walking control system is not increased. With the high-level control strategy, the robot is able to adjust its step-length and velocity simultaneously to stride over the discontinuous areas on the compliant ground surface. The effectiveness of the developed method is validated with a numerical simulation and a physical experiment.

Variable Rounding Level Control Method for Modular Multilevel Converters

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 4791-4801
Author(s):  
Jiapeng Yin ◽  
Jose I. Leon ◽  
Marcelo A. Perez ◽  
Leopoldo G. Franquelo ◽  
Abraham Marquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Multilevel Converters ◽  
Modular Multilevel Converters

Intelligent Operation Control for the Fused Magnesia Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1450-1454
Author(s):  
Yong Jian Wu ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Pin Shang ◽  
Tian You Chai
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Intelligent Control System ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Operation Control ◽  
Lower Loop

An electro-fused magnesia furnace (EFMF) is used to produce electro-fused magnesia. Due to the complex dynamic characteristics of the EFMF production process, it is difficult to achieve the satisfactory control performances only by the independent conventional control method. As a result, the lower loop control with manual operations is still widely used in practice. However, the manual operation cannot ensure that the actual production qualities and the energy consumption of unit production meet the technical requirements all the time. In this paper, an intelligent operation control strategy is developed for the EFMF to automatically adjust the setpoints of the lower level control system. Based on the proposed intelligent control strategy, an intelligent control system for the EFMF is built and implemented on site. Industrial application has demonstrated that the intelligent control system can achieve reliable, accurate and timely control performances.

Two-Level Control Method for DPFC Series Units Based on PLC Communication

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Xiao ◽  
Shaorong Wang ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Chao Zheng ◽  
Qiushi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Level Control

scholarly journals A Robust Control Method for Lateral Stability Control of In-Wheel Motored Electric Vehicle Based on Sideslip Angle Observer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxiong Wang ◽  
Feng Kang ◽  
Taipeng Wang ◽  
Hongbin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Yaw Moment

In-wheel motored powertrain on electric vehicles has more potential in maneuverability and active safety control. This paper investigates the longitudinal and lateral integrated control through the active front steering and yaw moment control systems considering the saturation characteristics of tire forces. To obtain the vehicle sideslip angle of mass center, the virtual lateral tire force sensors are designed based on the unscented Kalman filtering (UKF). And the sideslip angle is estimated by using the dynamics-based approaches. Moreover, based on the estimated vehicle state information, an upper level control system by using robust control theory is proposed to specify a desired yaw moment and correction front steering angle to work on the electric vehicles. The robustness of proposed algorithm is also analyzed. The wheel torques are distributed optimally by the wheel torque distribution control algorithm. Numerical simulation is carried out in Matlab/Simulink-Carsim cosimulation environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed robust control algorithm for lateral stability control of in-wheel motored vehicle.

scholarly journals Linear Analysis of a Continuous Crystallization Process for Enantiomer Separation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
Michael Mangold ◽  
Nadiia Huskova ◽  
Jonathan Gänsch ◽  
Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Enantiomer Separation ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Continuous Crystallization ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Insight Into

Continuous preferential crystallization is an innovative approach to the separation of chiral substances. The process considered in this work takes place in a gently agitated fluidized bed located in a tubular crystallizer. The feasibility of the process has been shown in previous work, but it also turned out that choosing suitable operation conditions is quite delicate. Hence, a model based process design is desirable. Existing models of the process are rather complicated and require long computational times. In this work, a simple linear dynamic model is suggested, which captures the main properties of the process. The model is distributed in space and in a property coordinate. Using the method of characteristics, a semi-analytical solution of the linear model is derived. As a challenge to the solution, there is a recycle loop in the process that causes a feedback and couples the boundary conditions at different boundaries of the computational domain. In order to deal with this, a numerical scheme is suggested. The semi-analytical solution provides a deeper insight into the process dynamics. A comparison with a more detailed mathematical model of the process and with experiments shows strengths and limitations of the linear model.

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