scholarly journals Pb-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and the Underlying Pollution behind Clean Energy: Dynamic Leaching of Toxic Substances from Discarded Perovskite Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2812-2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peidong Su ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Junke Zhang ◽  
Cong Chen ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Dynamic Leaching

scholarly journals Metal Oxide Compact Electron Transport Layer Modification for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahiduzzaman ◽  
Shoko Fukaya ◽  
Ersan Y. Muslih ◽  
Liangle Wang ◽  
Masahiro Nakano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
And Performance

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have appeared as a promising design for next-generation thin-film photovoltaics because of their cost-efficient fabrication processes and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, PSCs containing a metal oxide compact layer (CL) suffer from poor long-term stability and performance. The quality of the underlying substrate strongly influences the growth of the perovskite layer. In turn, the perovskite film quality directly affects the efficiency and stability of the resultant PSCs. Thus, substrate modification with metal oxide CLs to produce highly efficient and stable PSCs has drawn attention. In this review, metal oxide-based electron transport layers (ETLs) used in PSCs and their systemic modification are reviewed. The roles of ETLs in the design and fabrication of efficient and stable PSCs are also discussed. This review will guide the further development of perovskite films with larger grains, higher crystallinity, and more homogeneous morphology, which correlate to higher stable PSC performance. The challenges and future research directions for PSCs containing compact ETLs are also described with the goal of improving their sustainability to reach new heights of clean energy production.

Bilayer Low-Temperature-Processed Metal Oxides as Electron Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells with Over 18% Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-768
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Zuo ◽  
Chunguo Yue ◽  
Xun Qiao ◽  
Dongrong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Energy Devices

Solar cells which can generate electricity from absorbing sunlight is one of the most promising clean energy devices nowadays. During the last decade, a new type solar cell named metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSC) has undergo a tremendous development and now becoming a superstar in photovoltaic field. However, most of the high-efficiency PSC is made based on a high-temperature-processed (over 500 °C) TiO2 electron transporting materials (ETM), which hinders the further commercialization of this technology. Therefore, developing a low-temperature-processed ETM to replace the current TiO2 is urgently required in the PSC research field. In this work, the low-temperature-processed ZnO layer has been used as ETM first. It is found that the perovskite film spin-coated on the ZnO layer is not totally converted to perovskite with a little amount of residue PbI2, which is bad for PSCs. To solve this problem, we employed a ZnO/SnO2 bilayer as ETM to enhance the contact between ETM and perovskite film. It is clearly observed that the formation of perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM is feasible and no PbI2 remining in the perovskite film after thermal annealing, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. We further conduct Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) measurements of the films. The AFM images of CH3NH3PbI3 films deposited on ZnO and ZnO/SnO2 show that perovskite film is smoother on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM. Furthermore, it is found that the PSC based on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM shows a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.0% compared to the 14.9% obtained in the control device based on pristine ZnO ETM. The enhancement of device performance with ZnO/SnO2 bilayer device is due to the improvement of device photovoltaic parameters. It is found that the fill factor of the target device with ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM is 80.7%, significantly improved from 69.2% of the control device based on pristine ZnO layer. This can be ascribed to the efficient charge extraction ability of ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM as demonstrated by the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of CH3NH3PbI3 spin coated on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer. The PL signal of perovskite on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer has an obvious blue shift, indicating that the perovskite on ZnO/SnO2 bilayer has less defects compared to perovskite in ZnO layer. Finally, by using the ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM, we successfully fabricated a large-area PSC with an active area of 1.2 cm2, exhibiting a PCE of 9.3%. Our results show a great potential of the ZnO/SnO2 bilayer ETM for both PSC and other optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals 3,6-Carbazole vs 2,7-carbazole: A comparative study of hole-transporting polymeric materials for inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1401-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Munechika Otsuka ◽  
Takehito Kato ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Takehiko Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Hole Mobility ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
Hole Transporting ◽  
Stille Polycondensation

The ever increasing demand for clean energy has encouraged researchers to intensively investigate environmentally friendly photovoltaic devices. Inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are very promising due to their potentials of easy fabrication processes and high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Designing hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is one of the key factors in achieving the high PCEs of PSCs. We now report the synthesis of two types of carbazole-based polymers, namely 3,6-Cbz-EDOT and 2,7-Cbz-EDOT, by Stille polycondensation. Despite the same chemical composition, 3,6-Cbz-EDOT and 2,7-Cbz-EDOT displayed different optical and electrochemical properties due to the different connectivity mode of the carbazole unit. Therefore, their performances as hole-transporting polymeric materials in the PSCs were also different. The device based on 2,7-Cbz-EDOT showed better photovoltaic properties with the PCE of 4.47% than that based on 3,6-Cbz-EDOT. This could be due to its more suitable highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and higher hole mobility.

A thiourea additive-based quadruple cation lead halide perovskite with an ultra-large grain size for efficient perovskite solar cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (45) ◽  
pp. 21824-21833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti V. Patil ◽  
Sawanta S. Mali ◽  
Chang Kook Hong
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Inorganic Perovskite ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Lead Halide

Controlling the grain size of the organic–inorganic perovskite thin films using thiourea additives now crossing 2 μm size with >20% power conversion efficiency.

A new class of passivating molecules for perovskite solar cells: preliminary insights.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Scalon ◽  
Francineide Lopes de Araújo ◽  
Caio Costa Oliveira ◽  
Ana Flávia Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
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