Carbon-Bridged Phenylene-Vinylenes: On the Common Diradicaloid Origin of Their Photonic and Chemical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (41) ◽  
pp. 23141-23148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael C. González-Cano ◽  
Simone Di Motta ◽  
Xiaozhang Zhu ◽  
Juan. T. López Navarrete ◽  
Hayato Tsuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Salting-out and salting-in experiments with lignosulfonates (LSs)

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt O. Myrvold
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Common Ion ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Ion Effect ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The solubility of lignosulfonates (LSs) in water is strongly dependent on other ions present in the water phase. The differences in the solubility might strongly influence the measurements of the physical and chemical properties of the LS molecules. A reduced solubility of the LS might also affect its utility in many practical applications. The understanding of the interaction between LSs and various salts is important for both practical and theoretical reasons. Therefore, the effect of salt concentrations on the LS has been investigated for 41 different salts with 14 different cations and 16 different anions. The observations cannot be explained by the common ion effect or the screening effects. On the contrary, it was found that the stability of LS solutions follows the Hofmeister series, with the exception of those ions that will chemically interact with the LS molecule. Moreover, the positions of phosphate (HPO42-) and sulfate (SO42-) ions were reversed.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Structure and Properties of Stereoscopic Cocoon and Flat Cocoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Huiling Wang ◽  
Hongtao Zhou ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Shudong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Cocoon is a kind of natural biopolymer material with reasonable structure and various functions. However, its structure and functions are often destroyed in practical application. In this study, we took common Bombyx Mori as the research object, and provided different cocooning sites for single or multiple silkworms to construct common stereoscopic cocoons (“normal cocoons” [NC]) and flat cocoons (“single-silkworm flat cocoons” [SFC] and “multi-silkworm flat cocoons” [MFC]), respectively, and compared the morphological structure and basic properties of these cocoons. The study found that the flat cocoons have similar multi-layered variable structure and characteristics compared to those of the common cocoons; also, morphological characteristics and physical and chemical properties of silk fiber from outer layer to inner layer, such as sericin content, fiber fineness, and change rule of basic mechanical properties, are completely consistent with those of the common cocoons. It can be considered that the flat cocoons are constructed by silkworms in the same “procedural” process as that of common cocoons. Due to the expansion of cocooning space, the mechanical properties of fibers are significantly improved. By controlling the size of the cocooning space or the quantity of silkworms cocooning simultaneously, and the time of spinning, a cocoon material with controllable thickness, weight per square meter, porosity, and number of cocoon layers can be obtained as a composite material for direct application.

scholarly journals Properties of Polymer-Composite Used as Fills of Asian Lacquerware: Issues on Restoration Processes of Lacquered Objects from Cultural Heritage

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Solenn Le Hô ◽  
Isabelle Fabre-Francke ◽  
Caroline Thiphavong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Restoration Practice ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Material Composite ◽  
And Chemical Properties

One of the common problems encountered in lacquerware issued from cultural heritage is the appearance of lifting areas and some losses of material. Composite systems made of commercial polymer and different fills were tested as filling agents for the cracking, splitting, and losses compensation of Asian lacquer. For that purpose, the stability of traditional and modern commercially available materials usually used in the restoration practice of historical lacquerware was assessed. Their thermomechanical and chemical properties and surface state were evaluated by a set of techniques (TGA, DMA, mechanical test, contact angle value, and microtopography). There is a drastic change of the behavior of the interface between fill and Asian lacquer, dependent on the nature of the composite fillers. So the evaluation of materials and processes for the restoration of Asian lacquer were emphasized. The commercial Paraloid B72 used with glass microspheres as additives appeared to be the most stable of all of the investigated fillers.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Uzbekistan's Basalts and Ways of Solutions to the Problems of Choice of Raw Processing Directions

Land Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p59
Author(s):  
Nurmatov J. T. ◽  
Kurbanov A. A. ◽  
Rashidova R. K.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Test Report ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This article highlights the common use of petrographic processes in basalt processing. At present, basalt is being processed by liquefaction only. Heat fibers, tiles, cement, fittings, and nets are taken from the basalt. For this reason this article states that the range of products to be purchased is small. And to increase the assortment, it is proved by the fact that basalt basin should not be confined to liquefied processing. Chemical composition of basalt. Depending on the chemical composition of the basalt, the technology of their processing is selected and determined. The article is based on the same principle that the dry method of drying basalt without liquefaction is put forward. Below are the names of products that can be obtained on dry bases processing. This is justified by the fact that it increases the range of basalt products. However, it is advisable to follow two methods of basalt processing in the future. These methods, which are recommended by the authors, have undergone a production trial and received positive assessments; the test report has also been presented.

The Common but Complicated Tool: Review of Embolic Materials for the Interventional Radiologist

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
Shamar Young ◽  
Nassir Rostambeigi ◽  
Jafar Golzarian
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Interventional Radiologist ◽  
Embolic Agents ◽  
The Common ◽  
Embolic Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractEmbolization is an important and widely utilized technique in interventional radiology. There are a variety of different categories and individual products which can be utilized to perform embolization. Understanding the different classes of embolic agents, the important features of each of these classes including strengths and limitations, and the variation in individual products within the classes is critical for interventional radiologist to practice safely and effectively. This article reviews the different kinds of embolics and relays some of the pertinent physical and chemical properties of individual products which should be considered when determining which embolic to select for a given purpose.

Properties of Some Common Newfoundland Forest Soils and their Relation to Forest Growth

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Page
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Avalon Peninsula ◽  
Severe Disturbance ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The morphological, physical, and chemical properties of nine, important, broadly defined Newfoundland forest soil types are described in this paper. The soils of the Avalon Peninsula are generally stonier, more compacted, and richer in silt and clay than those of western Newfoundland. Gleysols and gleyed podzols are the common soils on the Avalon Peninsula whereas orthic and peaty podzols are the common soils in western Newfoundland. In both sample areas the growth of balsam fir and black spruce stands is best on brunisols and poorest on gleysols and deep peats. Only a very small proportion of the total nutrient supply in the various soils is in an available form, but amounts are considered adequate to maintain the nutrient cycle and its associated forest growth at their present levels more or less indefinitely, provided there is no severe disturbance involving the permanent removal of some of the available nutrients. To achieve lasting increases in forest productivity it will be necessary to increase the rate of nutrient cycling by appropriate cultural treatments.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

The microstructure of a TiB2/Ti-47 Al composite material

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
O. Popoola ◽  
A.H. Heuer ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Intermetallic Alloys ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diamond Polishing ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Argon Ion ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The addition of fibres or particles (TiB2, SiC etc.) into TiAl intermetallic alloys could increase their toughness without compromising their good high temperature mechanical and chemical properties. This paper briefly discribes the microstructure developed by a TiAl/TiB2 composite material fabricated with the XD™ process and forged at 960°C.The specimens for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were prepared in the usual way (i.e. diamond polishing and argon ion beam thinning) and examined on a JEOL 4000EX for microstucture and on a Philips 400T equipped with a SiLi detector for microanalyses.The matrix was predominantly γ (TiAl with L10 structure) and α2(TisAl with DO 19 structure) phases with various morphologies shown in figure 1.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

The challenge of detecting modifications on proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Elizabeth Smith ◽  
Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lysine Acetylation ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Common

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are integral to the regulation of protein function, characterising their role in this process is vital to understanding how cells work in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) facilitates the mass determination and sequencing of peptides, and thereby also the detection of site-specific PTMs. However, numerous challenges in this field continue to persist. The diverse chemical properties, low abundance, labile nature and instability of many PTMs, in combination with the more practical issues of compatibility with MS and bioinformatics challenges, contribute to the arduous nature of their analysis. In this review, we present an overview of the established MS-based approaches for analysing PTMs and the common complications associated with their investigation, including examples of specific challenges focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox modifications.

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