Nanoscale Effects of Radiation (UV, X-ray, and γ) on Calcite Surfaces: Implications for its Mechanical and Physico-Chemical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (24) ◽  
pp. 13357-13369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kabacińska ◽  
L. Yate ◽  
M. Wencka ◽  
R. Krzyminiewski ◽  
K. Tadyszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Physico-Chemical and Morphological Changes of Sayong Kaolinite Clay Treated with Sulphuric Acid for Enzyme Immobilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Edama ◽  
A. Sulaiman ◽  
K.H. Ku Hamid ◽  
M.N. Muhd Rodhi ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Oxides ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study analyzed the effects of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) treatment on pysico-chemical properties and morphological changes of clay obtained from Sg. Sayong, Perak. The clay was ground and sieved to <150μm and treated with different concentrations of H2SO4. The treatment was completed by refluxing the clay with different concentration of H2SO4 (1M, 5M and 10M ) at 100 °C for 4 hours and followed by calcination at 500 °C for 1 hour. The physic-chemical properties and morphological changes of the untreated and treated clay were compared using Surface Area Analyser, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrograph (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that acid treatment of 5M increased the surface area from 25 m2/g to 75 m2/g and the pore volume increased from 0.1518 cc/g to 0.3546 cc/g. The nanopore size of the clay decreased from 24.8 nm to 19.4 nm after treated with acid. This can be explained due to the elimination of the exchangeable cations and generation of microporosity. The results of XRF showed SiO2 increased from 58.34% to 74.52% and Al2O3 reduced from 34.6% to 18.31%. The mineral oxides such as Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O and TiO2 also reduced. This concluded that H2SO4 treatment has led to significant removal of octahedral Al3+, Fe3+ cations and other impurities. In conclusion, this study showed the physico-chemical properties and morphology of Sayong clay were improved once treated with H2SO4 and therefore suggests better supporting material for enzyme immobilization.

Physical Chemistry of the Interface between Attached Micro-Organisms and Their Support

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rouxhet ◽  
N. Mozes
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Micro Organisms

The thermodynamic approach of adhesion and DLVO theory are complementary to predict initial bacterial adhesion; the interplay between short- and long-range forces, respectively, may be due to surface roughness. Due to the influence of electrical double layer interactions, adhesion can be promoted by treatments leading to modification of the cell or support surface properties. Adhesion is influenced by cell-cell interactions, by the cpresence of polymer molecules on the surface and by the composition of the medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be applied to determine the elemental composition of the surface of microorganisms; some information on the chemical functions can also be obtained. The surface composition is related to physico-chemical properties which play a determining role in adhesion and flocculation, in particular the hydrophobicity and the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Effect of TiO2 Addition on Mortars: Characterization and Photoactivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hernández-Rodríguez ◽  
R. Santana Rodríguez ◽  
R. Darias ◽  
O. González Díaz ◽  
J. M. Pérez Luzardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Flow Table ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Important Activity

In this study, mortar specimens were prepared with a cement:sand:water ratio of 1:3:0.5, in accordance with standard EN196-1. Portland CEM I 52.5 R grey (G) and white (W) cements were used, together with normalised sand and distilled water. Different amounts of TiO2 photocatalyst were incorporated in the preparation of the mortar samples. The effect of the addition of TiO2 was studied on mechanical properties of the mortar and cement including compressive and flexural strength, consistency (the flow table test), setting time and carbonation. Characterization techniques, including thermogravimetry, mercury porosimetry and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), were applied to study the physico-chemical properties of the mortars. It was shown that adding the photocatalyst to the mortar had no negative effect on its properties and could be used to accelerate the setting process. Specimen photoactivity with the incorporated photocatalyst was tested for NOx oxidation in different conditions of humidity (0% RH and 65% RH) and illumination (Vis or Vis/UV), with the results showing an important activity even under Vis radiation.

The Electrochemical Synthesis of Neutral Zinc(II) Complexes of Schiff Base Ligands: The Crystal Structure of Bis[N-(4-methylphenyl)salicylaldiminato]zinc(II)

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sogo ◽  
J. Romero ◽  
A. Sousa ◽  
A. de Blas ◽  
M. L. Durán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Zinc Atom ◽  
Schiff Base Ligands ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The electrochemical synthesis and physico-chemical properties of neutral zinc(II) complexes of bidentate Schiff bases derived from salicylaldehydes are presented together with the X-ray structure of bis[N-(4-methylphenyl)salicylaldiminato]zinc(II). The crystal is monoclinic, a = 21.877(3), b = 8.801(2), c = 12.027(5) Å, β = 96.55(3)°, space group C2/c. The complex is a monomer, and the zinc atom is tetrahedrally coordinated.

scholarly journals Ni(II) Butylmethyldithiocarbamate: Physico-Chemical Properties, X-Ray Crystallography, DFT and Anti-Corrosion Screening in Different Acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nor Farah Hida Othman ◽  
Noor Syafiqah Habdul Latif ◽  
Sheikh Ahmad Izzadin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali ◽  
Erna Normaya Abdullah ◽  
Nur Nadia Dzulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Acid Environment

In industrial sectors, pickling and acid cleaning are mutual processes where acid solutions, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), are used to eliminate the corrosion products yielded on metal surfaces; thus, improving the performance of the machineries. However, the usage of the acid could lead to another metal deterioration. Dithiocarbamate inhibitor is defined as an organic compound that has good corrosion inhibition properties that can work as an inhibitor in an acid environment. Dithiocarbamate (DTC) assists by reducing acid reactiveness which prohibits metal dissolution in the acid. In this study, the Ni(II) N-butylmethyldithiocarbamate (Ni[BuMedtc]2) complex was synthesised by using an in-situ method and characterised by elemental analyser, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic study, and the chemical properties of the Ni[BuMedtc]2 complex was successfully calculated by the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) approach. The experimental results which were obtained through the weight-loss analysis method in two different acids – 1 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 – indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased as the inhibitor concentration increased. The outcome showed that the Ni[BuMedtc]2 performed better as an inhibitor in 1 M HCl as compared to in1 M H2SO4 to protect the metal exterior because H2SO4 is more corrosive due to the excessive presence of H+.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON CALCIUM HYDROPHOSPHATE AND A SUBSTRATE FROM ASPEN BARK

2020 ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yur'yevich Belash ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Korol'kova ◽  
Yevgeniya Vladimirovna Veprikova ◽  
Galina Nikolayevna Bondarenko ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Korol'kova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Initial Content

The physicochemical properties of the composite material obtained by sequentially impregnating the substrate from aspen bark with water solutions of KH2PO4 and CaCl2 under certain conditions were studied. Using the method of X-ray phase analysis, it was found that the main products of the interaction of KH2PO4 and CaCl2, which flows from the aspen bark on the substrate surface, are CaHPO4 and KCl. In this case, calcium chloride is present in the obtained composite material in the form of a complex compound CaCl2·Ca(OH)2·H2O. Using IR-spectral analysis, it was revealed that there is no interaction between the functional groups of the aspen bark substrate and mineral compounds during the preparation of the composite material. Based on thermal analysis data, the catalytic effect of the mineral components that make up the developed composite material on the decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin that make up the substrate from aspen bark is revealed. It was found that the composite material modified with CaHPO4 is characterized by increased water resistance and after treatment with water at room temperature for 24 hours, 9.85% of phosphates are removed from it (from their initial content). This allows one to use the resulting composite material based on aspen bark as a delayed-action fertilizer.

Magnetization of aminated lignin and characterization

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Qiu ◽  
Yingzhi Ma ◽  
Dafeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

A magnetic lignin-based nanomaterial (MLN) was prepared from alkaline lignin through an amination and precipitation strategy and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results illustrated that MLN was thermostable and had an extensive degree of aminated lignin coating. The specific surface area of MLN was 65.43 m2/g, with the total pore volume of 0.311 cm3/g. The zeta potential of MLN was positive when pH was less than 2.9, and the saturation magnetization was 50.8 emu/g. The characterization data discovered that the physico-chemical properties of MLN were helpful for the adsorption application.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach towards Synthesis and Characterization of Non-Cytotoxic Gold Nanoparticles Using Taurine as Capping Agent

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Kumar ◽  
Nabojit Das ◽  
Neeraj Kumar Satija ◽  
Kapil Mandrah ◽  
Somendu Kumar Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Gold Nanospheres ◽  
Final Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical

Metal gold nanoparticles are of great interest due to their unique physico-chemical properties and their potential to be used as nano-probes in biosensors, drug delivery, and therapeutic applications. Currently, many capping agents are used for metal gold nanoparticles, such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and tri-sodium citrate that have been reported to be toxic and hinders biological applications. To address this issue, we report, for the first time, the use of taurine as a stable non-cytotoxic capping agent for synthesizing gold nanoparticles by using an in situ wet-chemical method. This facile method resulted in monodisperse gold nanospheres with a high yield and stability. Monodisperse gold nanospheres with average diameters of 6.9 nm and 46 nm were synthesized at a high yield with controlled morphology. Temperature played a critical role in determining the size of the taurine-capped gold nanoparticles. The subtle changes in the reaction parameters had a tremendous effect on the final size of nanoparticles and their stability. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using optical spectroscopy, a ZetaSizer, a NanoSight, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photon Spectroscopy (XPS) and Electron Microscopy to understand their physico-chemical properties. Taurine was explored as a capping and stabilizing agent for gold nanospheres, which were evaluated for their toxicity responses towards human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) via MTT assay.

Physico-chemical properties of gemini micelles studied by X-ray scattering and ESR spectroscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Falsini ◽  
L. Ciani ◽  
A. Arcangeli ◽  
E. Di Cola ◽  
F. Spinozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esr Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ray Scattering
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