Water Splitting on Transition Metal Active Sites at TiO2-Based Electrodes: A Small Cluster Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (45) ◽  
pp. 25851-25860 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
D. C. Tranca ◽  
A. Martínez-Mesa ◽  
Ll. Uranga-Piña ◽  
G. Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Small Cluster

Advancing the extended roles of 3D transition metal based heterostructures with copious active sites for electrocatalytic water splitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (38) ◽  
pp. 13176-13200
Author(s):  
Kannimuthu Karthick ◽  
Selvasundarasekar Sam Sankar ◽  
Sangeetha Kumaravel ◽  
Arun Karmakar ◽  
Ragunath Madhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Metal Phosphides

This review highlights the importance of 3D transition metal based heterostructures with improved active sites for metal hydroxides, LDHs, oxides, sulfides and metal phosphides and the influencing roles of 3D foams in water splitting.

Increasing the active sites and intrinsic activity of transition metal chalcogenide electrocatalysts for enhanced water splitting

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (48) ◽  
pp. 25465-25498
Author(s):  
Jingbin Huang ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Tianyun An ◽  
Minhua Cao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Metal Chalcogenide ◽  
Transition Metal Chalcogenides

Strategies for enhancing the electrocatalytic activities of transition metal chalcogenides by increasing the number of active sites and intrinsic activity.

An iron foam acts as a substrate and iron source for the in situ construction of a robust transition metal phytate electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Chen ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Taotao Gao ◽  
Jinmei Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Iron Source ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Catalytic Active Sites ◽  
3D Networks

The cheap iron foam as a 3D substrate for in situ electrochemical preparing bi-functional electrocatalyst. The introduction of phytates facilitates the construction of 3D networks and the join of Co and Fe further creates more catalytic active sites.

Computational screening of transition-metal single atom doped C9N4 monolayers as efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 18169-18175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Zhou ◽  
Guoping Gao ◽  
Jun Kang ◽  
Wei Chu ◽  
Lin-Wang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrogen Adsorption ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Bifunctional Electrocatalyst ◽  
Computational Screening ◽  
Catalytic Active Sites

Ni@C9N4 performs as a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst with N and Ni atoms as the catalytic active sites for HER and OER, with calculated hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) of −0.04 eV and OER overpotential (ηOER) of 0.31 V.

Probing the active sites of newly predicted stable Janus scandium dichalcogenides for photocatalytic water-splitting

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 4981-4989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Yang ◽  
Amitava Banerjee ◽  
Rajeev Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides

The Janus structures of transition metal dichalcogenides with intrinsic dipoles have recently drawn attention as efficient candidates in the class of non-precious metal photocatalysts for water splitting.

scholarly journals Metal Chalcogenides on Silicon Photocathodes for Efficient Water Splitting: A Mini Overview

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemee Joe ◽  
Hyunwoo Yang ◽  
Changdeuck Bae ◽  
Hyunjung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Surface Band ◽  
Band Bending ◽  
Co Catalysts

In the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting (WS) reactions, a photon is absorbed by a semiconductor, generating electron-hole pairs which are transferred across the semiconductor/electrolyte interface to reduce or oxidize water into oxygen or hydrogen. Catalytic junctions are commonly combined with semiconductor absorbers, providing electrochemically active sites for charge transfer across the interface and increasing the surface band bending to improve the PEC performance. In this review, we focus on transition metal (di)chalcogenide [TM(D)C] catalysts in conjunction with silicon photoelectrode as Earth-abundant materials systems. Surprisingly, there is a limited number of reports in Si/TM(D)C for PEC WS in the literature. We provide almost a complete survey on both layered TMDC and non-layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMC) co-catalysts on Si photoelectrodes, mainly photocathodes. The mechanisms of the photovoltaic power conversion of silicon devices are summarized with emphasis on the exact role of catalysts. Diverse approaches to the improved PEC performance and the proposed synergetic functions of catalysts on the underlying Si are reviewed. Atomic layer deposition of TM(D)C materials as a new methodology for directly growing them and its implication for low-temperature growth on defect chemistry are featured. The multi-phase TM(D)C overlayers on Si and the operation principles are highlighted. Finally, challenges and directions regarding future research for achieving the theoretical PEC performance of Si-based photoelectrodes are provided.

A novel ligand with –NH2 and –COOH-decorated Co/Fe-based oxide for an efficient overall water splitting: dual modulation roles of active sites and local electronic structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6266-6273
Author(s):  
Yalan Zhang ◽  
Zebin Yu ◽  
Ronghua Jiang ◽  
Jung Huang ◽  
Yanping Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Local Electronic Structure ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Excellent electrochemical water splitting with remarkable durability can provide a solution to satisfy the increasing global energy demand in which the electrode materials play an important role.

scholarly journals Recent Achievements in Development of TiO2-Based Composite Photocatalytic Materials for Solar Driven Water Purification and Water Splitting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Perović ◽  
Francis M. dela Rosa ◽  
Marin Kovačić ◽  
Hrvoje Kušić ◽  
Urška Lavrenčič Štangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Clean water and the increased use of renewable energy are considered to be two of the main goals in the effort to achieve a sustainable living environment. The fulfillment of these goals may include the use of solar-driven photocatalytic processes that are found to be quite effective in water purification, as well as hydrogen generation. H2 production by water splitting and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water both rely on the formation of electron/hole (e−/h+) pairs at a semiconducting material upon its excitation by light with sufficient photon energy. Most of the photocatalytic studies involve the use of TiO2 and well-suited model compounds, either as sacrificial agents or pollutants. However, the wider application of this technology requires the harvesting of a broader spectrum of solar irradiation and the suppression of the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. These limitations can be overcome by the use of different strategies, among which the focus is put on the creation of heterojunctions with another narrow bandgap semiconductor, which can provide high response in the visible light region. In this review paper, we report the most recent advances in the application of TiO2 based heterojunction (semiconductor-semiconductor) composites for photocatalytic water treatment and water splitting. This review article is subdivided into two major parts, namely Photocatalytic water treatment and Photocatalytic water splitting, to give a thorough examination of all achieved progress. The first part provides an overview on photocatalytic degradation mechanism principles, followed by the most recent applications for photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides with a critical insight into removal mechanism, while the second part focuses on fabrication of TiO2-based heterojunctions with carbon-based materials, transition metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides, and multiple composites that were made of three or more semiconductor materials for photocatalytic water splitting.

Defect engineering and characterization of active sites for efficient electrocatalysis

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3327-3345
Author(s):  
Xuecheng Yan ◽  
Linzhou Zhuang ◽  
Zhonghua Zhu ◽  
Xiangdong Yao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Defect Engineering ◽  
Metal Free

This review highlights recent advancements in defect engineering and characterization of both metal-free carbons and transition metal-based electrocatalysts.

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