Fine-Tuning the Metal Oxo Cluster Composition and Phase Structure of Ni/Ti Bimetallic MOFs for Efficient CO2 Reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyuan Chen ◽  
Xiulan Xu ◽  
Hongyi Gao ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Structure ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Cluster Composition

Dependence of the intrinsic phase structure of Bi2O3 catalysts on photocatalytic CO2 reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2021-2025
Author(s):  
Liujin Wei ◽  
Guan Huang ◽  
Yajun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Dependent Activity

The combination of time-resolved transient photoluminescence with in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been conducted to investigate the intrinsic phase structure-dependent activity of Bi2O3 catalyst for CO2 reduction.

Electrolyte Competition Controls Surface Binding of CO Intermediates to CO2 Reduction Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wuttig ◽  
Jaeyune Ryu ◽  
Yogesh Surendranath
Keyword(s):  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Co Adsorption ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Cu Catalysts ◽  
Reduction Catalysts

Adsorbed CO is a critical intermediate in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to fuels. Contemporary methods for probing the thermodynamics of CO adsorption ignore the role of the electrolyte. Using in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry, we disclose the contrasting influence of electrolyte competition on reversible CO binding to Au and Cu catalysts. Whereas reversible CO binding to Au surfaces is driven by substitution and reorientation of adsorbed water, CO binding to Cu requires the reductive displacement of adsorbed carbonate anions. Through variable temperature studies, we find that CO binding to Cu is enthalpically favored by ~36 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup> relative to CO adsorption on Au. The divergent CO adsorption stoichiometry on Au and Cu explains their disparate reactivity: water adsorption drives CO liberation from Au surfaces, impeding further reduction, whereas carbonate desorption drives CO accumulation on Cu, allowing for further reduction to hydrocarbons. These studies provide direct insight into how electrolyte constituents can serve as powerful design parameters for fine-tuning of CO surface populations and, thereby, CO2-to-fuels reactivity. <br>

Electrolyte Competition Controls Surface Binding of CO Intermediates to CO2 Reduction Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wuttig ◽  
Jaeyune Ryu ◽  
Yogesh Surendranath
Keyword(s):  
Co Adsorption ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Potential Region ◽  
Adsorption Enthalpy ◽  
Surface Population

Adsorbed CO is a critical intermediate in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to fuels. Directed design of CO<sub>2</sub>RR electrocatalysts have centered on strategies to understand and optimize the differences in CO adsorption enthalpy across surfaces. Yet, this approach has largely ignored the role of competitive electrolyte adsorption in defining the CO surface population relevant for catalysis. Using in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry, we disclose the contrasting influence of electrolyte competition on reversible CO binding to Au and Cu catalysts. Whereas reversible CO binding to Au surfaces is driven by substitution and reorientation of adsorbed water, CO binding to Cu surfaces requires the reductive displacement of adsorbed carbonate anions. The divergent role of electrolyte competition for CO adsorption on Au vs. Cu leads to a ~600 mV difference in the potential region where CO accumulates on the two surfaces. The contrasting CO adsorption stoichiometry on Au and Cu also explains their disparate reactivity: water adsorption drives CO liberation from Au surfaces, impeding further reduction, whereas carbonate desorption drives CO accumulation on Cu surfaces, allowing for further reduction to hydrocarbons. These studies provide direct insight into how electrolyte constituents can serve as powerful design parameters for fine-tuning of CO surface populations and, thereby, CO<sub>2</sub>-to-fuels reactivity.<br>

Electrolyte Competition Controls Surface Binding of CO Intermediates to CO2 Reduction Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wuttig ◽  
Jaeyune Ryu ◽  
Yogesh Surendranath
Keyword(s):  
Co Adsorption ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Potential Region ◽  
Adsorption Enthalpy ◽  
Surface Population

Adsorbed CO is a critical intermediate in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to fuels. Directed design of CO<sub>2</sub>RR electrocatalysts have centered on strategies to understand and optimize the differences in CO adsorption enthalpy across surfaces. Yet, this approach has largely ignored the role of competitive electrolyte adsorption in defining the CO surface population relevant for catalysis. Using in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry, we disclose the contrasting influence of electrolyte competition on reversible CO binding to Au and Cu catalysts. Whereas reversible CO binding to Au surfaces is driven by substitution and reorientation of adsorbed water, CO binding to Cu surfaces requires the reductive displacement of adsorbed carbonate anions. The divergent role of electrolyte competition for CO adsorption on Au vs. Cu leads to a ~600 mV difference in the potential region where CO accumulates on the two surfaces. The contrasting CO adsorption stoichiometry on Au and Cu also explains their disparate reactivity: water adsorption drives CO liberation from Au surfaces, impeding further reduction, whereas carbonate desorption drives CO accumulation on Cu surfaces, allowing for further reduction to hydrocarbons. These studies provide direct insight into how electrolyte constituents can serve as powerful design parameters for fine-tuning of CO surface populations and, thereby, CO<sub>2</sub>-to-fuels reactivity.<br>

scholarly journals Improvement of the Turbine Blade Surface Phase Structure Recovered by Plasma Spraying

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Vitalii V. Savinkin ◽  
Petrica Vizureanu ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
Tatyana Yu. Ratushnaya ◽  
Andrey A. Ivanischev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Martensitic Class ◽  
Class Steel ◽  
Steam Turbine Blades ◽  
Implantation Method

This paper presents the results of research on the construction, technological parameters and criteria that control the process of formation of optimal phase structure of austenitic- and martensitic-class material for steam turbine blades. The hypothesis that the established correlation could increase the quality of blade recovery and its resistance against dynamic and vibrational loads was proved. The efficiency of the developed implantation method for the recovery of steam turbine blades was demonstrated. The optimal technological parameters of the process of laser plasma recovery were established empirically, allowing the development of the system for the fine tuning of the phase composition of austenitic- and martensitic-class steel.

Fine-Tuning Futures

ASHA Leader ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christi Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fine Tuning

Food Safety Security: A new Concept for Enhancing Food Safety Measures

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Iyengar ◽  
Ibrahim Elmadfa
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
The Impact

The food safety security (FSS) concept is perceived as an early warning system for minimizing food safety (FS) breaches, and it functions in conjunction with existing FS measures. Essentially, the function of FS and FSS measures can be visualized in two parts: (i) the FS preventive measures as actions taken at the stem level, and (ii) the FSS interventions as actions taken at the root level, to enhance the impact of the implemented safety steps. In practice, along with FS, FSS also draws its support from (i) legislative directives and regulatory measures for enforcing verifiable, timely, and effective compliance; (ii) measurement systems in place for sustained quality assurance; and (iii) shared responsibility to ensure cohesion among all the stakeholders namely, policy makers, regulators, food producers, processors and distributors, and consumers. However, the functional framework of FSS differs from that of FS by way of: (i) retooling the vulnerable segments of the preventive features of existing FS measures; (ii) fine-tuning response systems to efficiently preempt the FS breaches; (iii) building a long-term nutrient and toxicant surveillance network based on validated measurement systems functioning in real time; (iv) focusing on crisp, clear, and correct communication that resonates among all the stakeholders; and (v) developing inter-disciplinary human resources to meet ever-increasing FS challenges. Important determinants of FSS include: (i) strengthening international dialogue for refining regulatory reforms and addressing emerging risks; (ii) developing innovative and strategic action points for intervention {in addition to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) procedures]; and (iii) introducing additional science-based tools such as metrology-based measurement systems.

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