Lactic Acid Spectroscopy: Intra- and Intermolecular Interactions

Author(s):  
Benjamin N. Frandsen ◽  
Alexandra M. Deal ◽  
Joseph R. Lane ◽  
Veronica Vaida
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Taddei ◽  
Silvia Tozzi ◽  
Giampaolo Zuccheri ◽  
Simona Martinotti ◽  
Elia Ranzato ◽  
...  

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2395
Author(s):  
Vladimir Botvin ◽  
Svetlana Karaseva ◽  
Victor Khasanov ◽  
Anatoly Filimoshkin

For glycolic acid oligomers (GAO): l-lactic acid oligomers (LAO) mixtures, as an example, it was shown that the nature of the active sites of the catalysts significantly affect the depolymerization process. So, ZnO, which has mainly basic sites, leads to the highest yield of cyclic diesters. On the contrary, depolymerization in the presence of acidic γ-Al2O3 and without a catalyst is characterized by lower diester yields due to the prevalence of a side polycondensation reaction. Using GAO:LAO mixtures, it was shown that in the case of three studied systems (with ZnO, γ-Al2O3, and without catalyst), mixed interactions occurred, including homo-paired and hetero-paired intermolecular interactions, as well as intramolecular interactions of oligomeric molecules. Kinetic models of the processes under study were determined by isoconversional thermal analysis. In the case of depolymerization of oligomers in the presence of ZnO, the kinetic model was between the kinetic models of the first (F1) and second (F2) orders, while in depolymerization in the presence of γ-Al2O3 and without a catalyst, the process was described by diffusion models such as the Jander equation (D3) and Zhuravlev, Lesokin, Tempelman equation (D5).


Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.


2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1030-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Patel ◽  
H. Tawfik ◽  
Y. Myint ◽  
D. Brocklehurst ◽  
J. W. Nicholson

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
DAMIAN MCNAMARA
Keyword(s):  

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Simova ◽  
D Beshkova ◽  
A Angelov ◽  
Ts Hristozova ◽  
G Frengova ◽  
...  

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lorenz ◽  
S Duckstein ◽  
J Bertrams ◽  
U Meyer ◽  
F Stintzing

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