Tris-[8]annulenyl Isocyanurate Trianion Triradical and Hexa-anion from the Alkali Metal Reduction of [8]Annulenyl Isocyanate

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 5851-5858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Peters ◽  
Joseph R. Klen
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction

Room Temperature Alkali Metal Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas A. Freeman ◽  
Akachukwu D. Obi ◽  
Haleigh R. Machost ◽  
Andrew Molino ◽  
Asa W. Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Open Shell ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Electron Reduction

The reduction of the relatively inert carbon–oxygen bonds of CO<sub>2</sub> to access useful CO<sub>2</sub>-derived organic products is one of the most important fundamental challenges in synthetic chemistry. Facilitating this bond-cleavage using earth-abundant, non-toxic main group elements (MGEs) is especially arduous because of the difficulty in achieving strong inner-sphere interactions between CO<sub>2</sub> and the MGE. Herein we report the first successful chemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> at room temperature by alkali metals, promoted by a cyclic(alkyl)(amino) carbene (CAAC). One-electron reduction of CAAC-CO<sub>2</sub> adduct (<b>1</b>) with lithium, sodium or potassium metal yields stable monoanionic radicals clusters [M(CAAC–CO<sub>2</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>(M = Li, Na, K, <b> 2</b>-<b>4</b>) and two-electron alkali metal reduction affords open-shell, dianionic clusters of the general formula [M<sub>2</sub>(CAAC–CO<sub>2</sub>)]<sub>n </sub>(<b>5</b>-<b>8</b>). It is notable that these crystalline clusters of reduced CO<sub>2</sub> may also be isolated via the “one-pot” reaction of free CO<sub>2</sub> with free CAAC followed by the addition of alkali metals – a reductive process which does not occur in the absence of carbene. Each of the products <b>2</b>-<b>8</b> were investigated using a combination of experimental and theoretical methods.<br>

The alkali metal reduction of pyrene structural and preparative aspects

Tetrahedron ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1701-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schnieders ◽  
K. Müllen ◽  
W. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction

On the alkali metal reduction of phenalene

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 1603-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Shannon ◽  
Richard H. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction

Über die elektronischen Energieniveaus des N-Isopropylcarbazols und seiner Radikalionen

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1923-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Klöpffer
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Electronic Absorption ◽  
Electron Affinity ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Radical Ions ◽  
Ionization Energies

Abstract The first two ionization energies of N-isopropyl carbazole (NIPCA) have been determined to be 7.4 and 8.0 eV. The electron affinity amounts to 0 eV. The energy gap of solid NIPCA is estimated to be about 4.4 eV. Positive and negative radical ions of NIPCA have been prepared by electrochemical oxidation and alkali metal reduction respectively; electronic absorption spectra of the radical ions are presented.

Up to Six Units of Charge and Twist-Boat Benzene Moieties:  Alkali Metal Reduction of Phenyl-Perisubstituted Benzenes1

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (51) ◽  
pp. 12637-12645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lior Eshdat ◽  
Ari Ayalon ◽  
Ronald Beust ◽  
Roy Shenhar ◽  
Mordecai Rabinovitz
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Twist Boat

The synthesis of hafnium nanomaterials by alkali metal reduction of hafnium tetrachloride

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5435-5448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Purdy ◽  
Rebecca Sorber ◽  
Albert Epshteyn ◽  
Katherine A. Pettigrew ◽  
Joel B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Hafnium Tetrachloride

ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Effects in the Alkali Metal Reduction of Diaryl Sulfides and Dibenzothiophene.

ChemInform ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. FRANCISCO ◽  
A. KURS ◽  
A. R. KATRITZKY ◽  
D. RASALA
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Conformational Effects
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