Performance Comparison of Systematic Methods for Rigorous Definition of Coarse-Grained Sites of Large Biomolecules

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Zexing Cao ◽  
John Zenghui Zhang ◽  
Fei Xia
Keyword(s):  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Definition Of

What’s in, what’s out? Towards a rigorous definition of the boundaries of benefit-cost analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Daniel Acland
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Consumer Sovereignty ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Pareto Criterion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) is typically defined as an implementation of the potential Pareto criterion, which requires inclusion of any impact for which individuals have willingness to pay (WTP). This definition is incompatible with the exclusion of impacts such as rights and distributional concerns, for which individuals do have WTP. I propose a new definition: BCA should include only impacts for which consumer sovereignty should govern. This is because WTP implicitly preserves consumer sovereignty, and is thus only appropriate for ‘sovereignty-warranting’ impacts. I compare the high cost of including non-sovereignty-warranting impacts to the relatively low cost of excluding sovereignty-warranting impacts.

scholarly journals Regreso al vacío: sobre ausencia y desaparición social (Back to the void. Concerning absence and social disappearance)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gatti ◽  
Jaume Peris ◽  
Iñaki Robles Elong ◽  
Silvia Rodríguez Maeso ◽  
Ramón Sáez Valcárcel
Keyword(s):  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sobre Todo ◽  
The Disappeared

La ausencia es un tópico común en los textos que toman a la desaparición forzada o al desaparecido como objeto de interés. No es extraño, pues se han conseguido a partir de ese concepto resultados poderosos. Sin embargo, como en casi todo lo que se naturaliza, el contenido del concepto y de sus declinaciones ha perdido fuelle y cuesta saber de qué se habla cuando se habla de ausencia. Dentro del esfuerzo por construir una definición rigurosa de “desaparición social”, este texto regresa sobre el concepto, observa sus usos más instalados y sobre todo busca vías para volver a llenarlo de contenido. En este texto daremos algunos pasos en esa renovación. Absence is a common topic in the literature that analyzes forced disappearances and the disappeared. This is understandable because approaches from this concept have brought about remarkable insights. However, as it usually happens when something is naturalized, the concept’s content and its derivations have lost centrality and we find it hard to tell what’s the meaning of this concept. In an endeavor to develop a rigorous definition of “social disappearance”, this article looks back at the concept, focuses on its dominant uses and, above all, searches for ways to fill it with content. The present work moves forward with the renovation of this notion.

scholarly journals From genomes to systems: the path with yeast

2006 ◽  
Vol 361 (1467) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Metabolic Control Analysis ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA) is a conceptual and mathematical formalism that models the relative contributions of individual effectors in a pathway to both the flux through the pathway and the concentrations of individual intermediates within it. To exploit MCA in an initial Systems Biology analysis of the eukaryotic cell, two categories of experiments are required. In category 1 experiments, flux is changed and the impact on the levels of the direct and indirect products of gene action is measured. We have measured the impact of changing the flux on the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . In this whole-cell analysis, flux equates to growth rate. In category 2 experiments, the levels of individual gene products are altered, and the impact on the flux is measured. We have used competition analyses between the complete set of heterozygous yeast deletion mutants to reveal genes encoding proteins with high flux control coefficients. These genes may be exploited, in a top-down analysis, to build a coarse-grained model of the eukaryotic cell, as exemplified by yeast. More detailed modelling requires that ‘natural’ biological systems be identified. The combination of flux balance analysis with both genetics and metabolomics in the definition of metabolic systems is discussed.

Simulation Comparison of PEMFC Micro-Cogeneration Units With Conventional and Innovative Fuel Processing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Roses ◽  
Davide Bonalumi ◽  
Stefano Campanari ◽  
Paolo Iora ◽  
Giampaolo Manzolini
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Fuel Processing ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Simulated Performance ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Energy Balances

This paper deals with the performance comparison over simulated micro-cogeneration units based on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC or PEM), when the fuel is processed by means of two contrasting techniques. On the one hand with the use of conventional natural gas steam reforming (SR), and on the other, the adoption of an innovative palladium based membrane-reformer. After the definition of the plant layout, which reflects the results of previous studies and includes all the components of a 4 kW PEM for combined heat and power production, the comparison among the plant performances is carried out with two approaches: (i) using a in-house developed code (GS), able to calculate mass and energy balances, as well as a number of specific component parameters, already applied to a large variety of plant simulations, and (ii) using a commercial code (Aspen Plus®). The comparison allows to validate the simulated performance results as well as to evidence the advantages of the two approaches and to assess the effects of different simulation assumptions.

Secondary Stresses in Airship Hull Structures

1927 ◽  
Vol 31 (204) ◽  
pp. 1073-1109
Author(s):  
J. F. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
External Load ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Secondary Stress ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Redundant Structure ◽  
Ball Joints ◽  
External Loads

In no branch of structural engineering is there a rigorous definition of the term “secondary stress.”If the primary stresses in a structure are determined, that is, the stresses in the members due to an external load system, assuming that all the members are joined together by perfect pin- or ball-joints, then the secondary stresses are in general taken to be the additional stresses due to the rigidity of the actual joints used in practice.In such a highly redundant structure as an airship hull the labour involved, in determining even the primary stresses, precludes the use of the normal methods of stressing. It is usual to make use of generalised methods which give approximate results. These generalised methods imply that the external loads are applied to the structure in a certain distribution. Though this is rarely achieved, yet the results obtained are in most cases sufficiently accurate if suitable bracing is supplied to redistribute the external loads over the cross-section; the effect of the initial wrong distribution being then merely local.

scholarly journals A NEW PERSPECTIVE FOR PHYSICAL HEIGHTS IN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Luiz Albarici ◽  
Ismael Foroughi ◽  
Gabriel do Nascimento Guimarães ◽  
Marcelo Santos ◽  
Jorge Trabanco
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
South American ◽  
Normal Height ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthometric Heights ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The physical heights definition of heights, proposed by Helmert in 1890 is one of the commonly used heights systems in practice. In Helmert’s definition, the mean value of gravity along plumbline is computed by simplifying the topography with a Bouguer shell containing masses with mean density value. Although this approximation might be accurate enough many purposes, a more rigorous definition can be determined by considering the effects of terrain, topographic mass density variation, and masses contained in the geoid the mean gravity value along the plumbline. The purpose of this paper is to compute the corrections for the Helmert’s definition of the orthometric heights to obtain the rigorous orthometric heights in the state of São Paulo and adjacent states and to evaluate these corrections. The heights system used in Brazil (until July 2018) and some South American countries is normal-orthometric heights, therefore the corrections needs to be applied accordingly. Our numerical results show that there are significant differences between the normal-orthometric and rigorous orthometric heights, with maximum values of ~ 0.4 m, minimum of ~ -0.8 m and mean value of ~ -0.32 m. There are larger differences between normal-orthometric and normal height than the ones between normal and rigorous definition of orthometric heights.

What draws the line between perception and cognition?

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Rolfs ◽  
Michael Dambacher
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Functional Level ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dividing Line

AbstractThe investigation of top-down effects on perception requires a rigorous definition of what qualifies as perceptual to begin with. Whereas Firestone & Scholl's (F&S's) phenomenological demarcation of perception from cognition appeals to intuition, we argue that the dividing line is best attained at the functional level. We exemplify how this approach facilitates scrutinizing putative interactions between judging and perceiving.

Exponential formulae in quantum stochastic calculus

1996 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Holevo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Stochastic Differential Equations ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Stochastic Integral ◽  
Stochastic Calculus ◽  
Exponential Equation ◽  
Quantum Stochastic Calculus ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Definition Of

The rigorous definition of time-ordered exponentials, solving quantum linear stochastic differential equations, is extended to Boson and Fermion stochastic calculi with infinitely many degrees of freedom. The relation to the classicalmultiplicative stochastic integral, solving the Doleans exponential equation, is discussed.

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