Oiling out and Solubility of Trehalose Dihydrate in Water + Isopropanol/1-Propanol/tert-Butanol Solvents from 283.15 to 328.15 K

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 2080-2087
Author(s):  
Qiushuo Yu ◽  
Wanying Jia ◽  
Xulong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Trehalose Dihydrate

Regioselectivity of nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution in the biphenyl series. Photohydrolysis of some dimethoxynitrobiphenyls

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2482-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Urban ◽  
Petr Kuzmič ◽  
David Šaman ◽  
Milan Souček
Keyword(s):  
Nitro Group ◽  
Steric Hindrance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Hydroxide Anion ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Nitro Derivatives

Anaerobic photolysis of dimethoxynitrobiphenyls IIIa-VIa in aqueous alkaline tert-butanol gave products of nucleophilic photosubstitution of methoxyl by hydroxide anion, while the dimethoxybiphenyls Ia and IIa were found unreactive. Regioselectivity of the reaction was examined in view of a possible “extended meta activation” by the nitro group. The most reactive substrate IIIa gives both C-3 and C-4 substitution products with an unsubstantial preference for the latter, which opposes the “extended meta selectivity” rule. All of the other compounds obey the rule, and 3,4-dimethoxy-3'-nitrobiphenyl (IVa) even displayed absolute selectivity by yielding C-3 substituted compound as the only product. 2,5-Dimethoxy substituted compounds underwent photosubstitution which much lower quantum yields than their 3,4-substituted counterparts, most probably due to some steric hindrance of conjugation. Similarly, 3-nitro-substituted biphenyls exhibited much lower overall reactivity than 4-nitro derivatives.

Comparison of isomeric C3H7O+ ion mobilities using fragment ions from 2-butanol and tert-butanol in He and Ne

2020 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 137045
Author(s):  
Kazunari Takaya ◽  
Yuya Hasegawa ◽  
Tetsuo Koizumi
Keyword(s):  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Fragment Ions

Enhance glycerol conversion through co-etherification with isobutene and tert-butanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 106838
Author(s):  
Jingjun Liu ◽  
Yuying Jiang ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Bolun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Tert Butanol

Catalytic etherification of glycerol to tert-butyl glycerol ethers using tert-butanol over sulfonic acid functionalized mesoporous polymer

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (86) ◽  
pp. 82654-82660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandian Manjunathan ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Sathyapal R. Churipard ◽  
S. Sivasankaran ◽  
Ganapati V. Shanbhag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Free Radical Polymerization ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Mesoporous Polymer ◽  
Glycerol Ethers ◽  
Tert Butanol

Mesoporous polymers (MP) were synthesized by free radical polymerization of divinylbenzene by a solvothermal method followed by sulfonic acid functionalization by a post synthetic modification with conc.

The kinetics, isotope effects, and mechanism of the reaction of 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with alkoxide bases in alcohol solvents

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Jarczewski ◽  
Grzegorz Schroeder ◽  
Wlodzimierz Galezowski ◽  
Kenneth T. Leffek ◽  
Urszula Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Deuterium Isotope Effects ◽  
Alcohol Solvents ◽  
Multistep Reaction ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

The reaction between 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane and the alkoxide bases ŌCH3, ŌC2H5, ŌnC4H9, ŌCH(CH3)2, and ŌC(CH3)3 in their corresponding alcohol solvents is a multistep reaction with several intermediates: 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-1-alkoxyethane (A), 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1-fluoro-1-alkoxyethene (B), 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1,1-dialkoxyethene (C), 2,2-di(4-nitrophenyl)-1,1-difluoroethene (D), and 4,4′-dinitrobenzophene (E). Rate constants and activation parameters have been measured for the appearance of the two stable products B and C. The kinetic deuterium isotope effects for the appearance of B fell in the range of kH/kD = 1 to 2 at 25 °C for the primary and secondary alkoxides, whereas kH/kD = 5.4 at 30 °C for the appearance of D with tert-butoxide. Exchange experiments showed that H/D exchange took place between the substrate and solvent to the extent of 100% with methoxide, 50% with ethoxide and isopropoxide, and 0% with tert-butoxide. It is concluded the HF elimination from the substrate follows an (ElcB)R mechanism with methoxide/methanol, changing to (ElcB)I or E2 with tert-butoxide/tert-butanol.

Infrared study of polymorphism of tert-butanol

1986 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ściesińska ◽  
J. Ściesiński
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Study ◽  
Tert Butanol

Article

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-413
Author(s):  
Yixing Zhao ◽  
Gordon R Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Solvated Electron ◽  
Solvated Electrons ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Solvent Dependence ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The energy and asymmetry of the optical absorption spectrum of solvated electrons, es- , change in a nonlinear fashion on changing the solvent through the series HOH, CH3OH, CH3CH3OH, (CH3)2CHOH, (CH3)3COH. The ultimate, quantum-statistical mechanical, interpretation of solvated electron spectra is needed to describe the solvent dependence. The previously reported optical spectrum of es- in tert-butanol was somewhat inaccurate, due to a small amount of water in the alcohol and to limitations of the infrared light detector. The present note records the remeasured spectrum and its temperature dependence. The value of the energy at the absorption maximum (EAmax) is 155 zJ (0.97 eV) at 299 K and 112 zJ (0.70 eV) at 338 K; the corresponding values of G epsilon max (10-22 m2 aJ-1) are 1.06 and 0.74. These unusually large changes are attributed to the abnormally rapid decrease of dielectric permittivity of tert-butanol with increasing temperature. The band asymmetry at 299 K is Wb/Wr = 1.8.Key words: optical absorption spectrum, solvated electron, solvent effects, tert-butanol, temperature dependence.

Catalytic studies of lipase on FAME production from waste cooking palm oil in a tert-butanol system

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1436-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Abdul Halim ◽  
Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Waste Cooking Palm Oil
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