scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Modulators in White Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (33) ◽  
pp. 9286-9294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Wei Gui ◽  
Philip B. Smith ◽  
Imhoi Koo ◽  
Iain A. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
Receptor Modulators ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

scholarly journals Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) Ligands as Selective AHR Modulators (SAhRMs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6654
Author(s):  
Stephen Safe ◽  
Un-ho Jin ◽  
Hyejin Park ◽  
Robert S. Chapkin ◽  
Arul Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist ◽  
Type Mutant ◽  
Receptor Modulators ◽  
Important Drug

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was first identified as the intracellular protein that bound and mediated the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Subsequent studies show that the AhR plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and in pathophysiology, and there is increasing evidence that the AhR is an important drug target. The AhR binds structurally diverse compounds, including pharmaceuticals, phytochemicals and endogenous biochemicals, some of which may serve as endogenous ligands. Classification of DLCs and non-DLCs based on their persistence (metabolism), toxicities, binding to wild-type/mutant AhR and structural similarities have been reported. This review provides data suggesting that ligands for the AhR are selective AhR modulators (SAhRMs) that exhibit tissue/cell-specific AhR agonist and antagonist activities, and that their functional diversity is similar to selective receptor modulators that target steroid hormone and other nuclear receptors.

Quantitative 1H-NMR imaging of water in white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C.W. Donker ◽  
H. Van As ◽  
H.J. Snijder ◽  
H.T. Edzes
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Nmr Imaging ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

Measuring the Cap Diameter of White Button Mushrooms ( Agaricus bisporus ) by Using Depth Image Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Ji ◽  
Jingwei Sun ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Hao Ma ◽  
Xuefeng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Diameter Measurement ◽  
Selective Harvesting ◽  
Background Segmentation ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

Highlights A new background segmentation algorithm for depth image was developed. Cap diameter of white button mushroom was measured automatically. The average of diameter measurement error was 4.94%. This work can provide online decision support for selectively harvesting of Agaricus bisporus . Abstract. With the increase in the production and yield of white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), efficient harvesting has become a challenge. Automatic selective harvesting has gradually become a solution. The diameter of the mushroom cap is an essential indicator of the harvesting standard. To provide guidance for selective harvesting, this article presents a method for target detection and measuring the diameter of mushroom caps by using depth image processing. According to the three-dimensional structure characteristics of the mushroom, a novel method is proposed to segment it from the compost it grows on. In this method, compost is regarded as the floor of the sea and mushrooms as standing islands. With the rise of sea level, the compost is gradually submerged, and the target of Agaricus bisporus is stable. These features were used to realize the background segmentation. After background segmentation, the pixel coordinates of the contour points of the mushroom caps are transformed into world coordinates, and the cap diameter is measured by Hough transform. In total, 380 mushrooms depicted in 25 depth images were used to test the developed algorithms. The results showed that 92.37% of the mushrooms were correctly detected. The missed detection rate was less than 8%, and the false detection rate was 1.96%. The average diameter measurement error was 4.94%, and the average process time to measure a single mushroom was approximately 0.50 s. The method proposed in this article can provide online decision support for automatic selective harvesting of Agaricus bisporus, which can improve the quality and efficiency of its production. Keywords: Background segmentation, Computer vision, Diameter measurement, Edible fungus, Hough transform.

Vitamin B12Is the Active Corrinoid Produced in Cultivated White Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 6327-6333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundar Rao Koyyalamudi ◽  
Sang-Chul Jeong ◽  
Kai Yip Cho ◽  
Gerald Pang
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

scholarly journals Toxicological characterisation of two novel selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulators in Sprague-Dawley rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Mahiout ◽  
Jere Lindén ◽  
Javier Esteban ◽  
Ismael Sánchez-Pérez ◽  
Satu Sankari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Receptor Modulators

scholarly journals Regulation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Function by Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn D. DuSell ◽  
Erik R. Nelson ◽  
Bryan M. Wittmann ◽  
Jackie A. Fretz ◽  
Dmitri Kazmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Receptor Modulators

Abstract Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as tamoxifen (TAM), have been used extensively for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer and other pathologies associated with aberrant estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. These compounds exhibit cell-selective agonist/antagonist activities as a consequence of their ability to induce different conformational changes in ER, thereby enabling it to recruit functionally distinct transcriptional coregulators. However, the observation that SERMs can also regulate aspects of calcium signaling and apoptosis in an ER-independent manner in some systems suggests that some of the activity of drugs within this class may also arise as a consequence of their ability to interact with targets other than ER. In this study, we demonstrate that 4-hydroxy-TAM (4OHT), an active metabolite of TAM, directly binds to and modulates the transcriptional activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Of specific interest was the observation, that in the absence of ER, 4OHT can induce the expression of AHR target genes involved in estradiol metabolism, cellular proliferation, and metastasis in cellular models of breast cancer. The potential role for AHR in SERM pharmacology was further underscored by the ability of 4OHT to suppress osteoclast differentiation in vitro in part through AHR. Cumulatively, these findings provide evidence that it is necessary to reevaluate the relative roles of ER and AHR in manifesting the pharmacological actions and therapeutic efficacy of TAM and other SERMs.

scholarly journals First Report of Syzygites megalocarpus (Mucorales) Web Mold on the Commercial Portabella Button Mushroom Agaricus bisporus in North America

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Beyer ◽  
K. O'Donnell ◽  
K. Paley ◽  
M. P. Wach
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach mushrooms, which are cultivated commercially under environmentally controlled conditions, are the most valuable crop in Pennsylvania. In August 2011, we first observed a mucoraceous mold colonizing primordia and mature basidiocarps of a new brown portabella strain of A. bisporus at two commercial mushroom farms in Chester County, PA. This strain is a hybrid between a commercial strain producing white basidiocarps and a brown wild type isolate of A. bisporus. Mushrooms mature in weekly “flushes”. By third flush, 25% of the production surface at both farms was colonized by a fast growing mycelium that was initially white, subsequently yellow to golden brown, and finally grayish. Mushrooms colonized by the mold showed pitting, discoloration, and necrosis. Two pure cultures of the mold were obtained by the hyphal tip method from mature, necrotic basidiocarps at each farm. These isolates were accessioned in the ARS Culture Collection (NRRL, Peoria, IL) as NRRL 54814 to 54815 and 54818 to 54819. The cultures produced abundant aerial sporangiophores that branched dichotomously on potato dextrose agar. Light microscopic examination revealed that each branch terminated in a globose, multispored sporangium with a conspicuous columella. Individual cultures of NRRL 54818 and 54819 produced large (175 to 250 × 200 to 250 μm), barrel-shaped, dark brown to black zygosporangia between opposed suspensors, indicating they were homothallic. Morphological and cultural characteristics of the mold matched the description of Syzygites megalocarpus (3), a member of the Mucorales reported to colonize diverse, mostly fleshy basidiomycetes (2), including cultivated matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake) in Korea (1). Molecular phylogenetic confirmation of the morphological identification was obtained by PCR amplifying and sequencing domains D1 and D2 at the 5′ end of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU rDNA). The four isolates shared an identical LSU rDNA allele. A search of the NCBI nucleotide database, using a partial LSU rDNA sequence from NRRL 54814 as the BLAST query, revealed that it shared 99.5% identity with AF157216.1, a reference isolate of S. megalocarpus NRRL 6288 (3). To assess whether cultures of S. megalocarpus could induce the disease, caps of portabella and white button mushrooms were inoculated with 3.7 × 106 sporangiospores. When incubated in moist chambers at 21 to 22°C with a 12-h photoperiod, disease symptoms developed in 2 to 3 days on portabella that included discoloration and pitting at the site of inoculation. S. megalocarpus was reisolated from the symptomatic mushrooms and produced a colony identical to the original. By comparison, white button mushrooms inoculated with S. megalocarpus, using the same method, only showed minor pitting and discoloration. Disease symptoms were not observed on mushrooms inoculated with water as a negative control. Although development of new commercial varieties derived using “wild” genetically diverse stocks is an effective way to introduce desirable traits into cultivated mushrooms, it carries the risk of introducing new diseases into the industry. References: (1) K.-H. Ka et al. Korean J. Mycology 27:345, 1999. (2) R. L. Kovacs and W. J. Sundberg. Trans. Il. State Acad. Sci. 92:181, 1999. (3) K. O'Donnell. Zygomycetes in culture. Palfrey Contributions in Botany. No. 2. Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, 1979.

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