Environmental Growing Conditions in Five Production Systems Induce Stress Response and Affect Chemical Composition of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Beans

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (47) ◽  
pp. 10165-10173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Niether ◽  
Inga Smit ◽  
Laura Armengot ◽  
Monika Schneider ◽  
Gerhard Gerold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Induce Stress ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

scholarly journals Shade trees and tree pruning alter throughfall and microclimate in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Niether ◽  
Laura Armengot ◽  
Christian Andres ◽  
Monika Schneider ◽  
Gerhard Gerold
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

scholarly journals Chemical composition and fatty acids profile of chocolates produced with different cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calionara Waleska Barbosa de MELO ◽  
Matheus de Jesus Bandeira ◽  
Leonardo Fonseca MACIEL ◽  
Eliete da Silva BISPO ◽  
Carolina Oliveira de SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

scholarly journals Characterization of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Farming Systems in the Norte de Santander Department and Assessment Their Sustainability

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 7177-7187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Arturo Ramírez Sulvarán ◽  
Alina Katil Sigarroa Rieche ◽  
Rómulo Alberto Del Valle Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

The cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) based economy has been considered a valid alternative to support sustainable development in northeastern Colombia. However, there is a lack of information about the cocoa production systems in the region which is needed for the implementation of effective plans to improve their performance and sustainability. Four of the main cocoa producing municipalities in the Norte de Santander department were considered for this study: Teorama, Bucarasica, Cúcuta and San Calixto. These entities were selected due to their adequate security conditions, availability of field assistants and departmental representativeness in cocoa production. The objective was to obtain basic information for local, specific and participatory actions for the sustainability of the cocoa production systems and to improve the living conditions of farmers. The methodology used was based on the farming system approach, considering the socioeconomic, technological and agro-ecological components, and their relationships, and evaluating them according to the principles of sustainable agriculture. The phases covered were: (1) analysis of secondary data, (2) formulation and evaluation of sustainability indicators, (3) design, implementation and analysis of survey data and (4) validation by the farmers of the obtained information and the prioritization of problems. The results indicate that there is only one cocoa production system of a family-mercantile type, with low technology. Most farmers have low incomes and basic needs such as health, education and public services are not met. They do not employ the agronomic and post-harvest practices recommended by specialists. The water and soil resources are being degraded. In general, the farming system leans towards unsustainability and it is vital that integrative actions be taken to change this situation.

scholarly journals Ghanaian Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Bean Shells Coproducts: Effect of Particle Size on Chemical Composition, Bioactive Compound Content and Antioxidant Activity

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Carmen Botella-Martínez ◽  
Raquel Lucas-Gonzalez ◽  
Carmen Ballester-Costa ◽  
José Ángel Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Juana Fernández-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Polyphenolic Profile ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

The worldwide cocoa bean shell (CBS) generation is estimated at around 900,000 tons. In their composition, this coproduct showed several bioactive compounds like methylxanthines or polyphenolic compounds. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different particle sizes on the chemical composition, physico-chemical, bioactive compounds content, and antioxidant properties of flours obtained from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) bean shells. The flours obtained from CBS with different particle sizes had high content of dietary fiber (61.18–65.58 g/100 g). The polyphenolic profile identified seven compounds being epicatechin and catechin (values ranged 4.56–6.33 and 2.11–4.56 mg/g, respectively) as the most abundant compounds. Additionally, the methylxanthines theobromine and caffeine were quantified with values ranging from 7.12 to 12.77 and 4.02 to 6.13 mg/g, respectively. For the fatty acid profile, the principal compounds identified were oleic, stearic and palmitic acids. CBS had antioxidant capacity with all methods assayed. For DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays values ranged between 2.35–5.53, 3.39–11.55, and 3.84–7.62 mg Trolox equivalents/g sample, respectively. This study suggests that cocoa bean shells may constitute a valuable coproduct for the food industry due to its high content in valuable bioactive compounds.

Situación económica y social de la población de San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Eileen Salinas-Cruz ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Mariano Morales-Guerra ◽  
Romualdo Vásquez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Objetivo: Establecer una línea base como fundamento para la intervención e inducción de innovaciones a través de escuelas de campo y planes de negocios. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El estudio se desarrolló en San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Se elaboró una encuesta como instrumento para recabar en campo información de familias de la localidad con la finalidad de conocer su situación actual. La localidad de trabajo se eligió utilizando como criterio las poblaciones que se encuentran dentro de Cruzada Nacional contra el hambre y en la clasificación de la pobreza extrema Resultados: La localidad de San José del Carmen es considerada como de alta marginación, la población es bilingüe, su principal lengua es el Tzotzil, el nivel de estudios promedio es hasta el tercer año de primaria, las principales actividades productivas son la siembra de maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) y haba (Vicia faba L.) que son utilizadas principalmente para autoconsumo.  No cuentan con agua potable ya que su sistema es a través de la recaudación de agua de lluvia o a través de un jagüey. Sus principales actividades económicas son la albañilería por parte de los hombres, y venta de productos, tales como el pozol (bebida energética a base de maíz y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), tostadas y algunos vegetales por parte de las mujeres. Las tostadas son producidas en forma artesanal con un proceso de doble nixtamalización y vendida en bolsas de 20 tostadas cada una, a un costo de MX$10.00 en los mercados de San Cristóbal de las Casas, una a dos veces por semana alrededor de 40 bolsas por día de venta. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La afiliación zapatista de alguno de los pobladores y el hecho de que algunos habitantes no hablen español, fueron factores que limitaron desarrollar al 100% el estudio; sin embargo, se considera que se tienen los elementos necesarios para establecer la línea base de la situación de San José del Carmen. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico servirá como una herramienta para establecer una intervención a través de innovaciones y planes de negocios en la comunidad de estudio. Los pobladores cuentan con herramientas necesarias para obtener nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a un desarrollo de su producción. El idioma no deberá de ser una limitante para ello.

CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE AMÊNDOAS E QUALIDADE DE LIQUOR DE CACAU (Theobroma cacao L.) SUPERIOR BAHIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Melo Neto ◽  
E.A. Carvalho ◽  
D.L.N. Mello ◽  
A.C. Anjos ◽  
A.C.R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

DETERMINATION OF INCOMPATIBILITY ALLELES OF SCAVINA 6 (Theobroma cacao L.) CLONE IN FARM SELECTIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Milton Macoto Yamada ◽  
Wilson Reis Monteiro ◽  
Uilson Vanderlei Lopes ◽  
José Luis Pires ◽  
Basil G. D. Bartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Incompatibility Alleles ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Ảnh hưởng của dung môi và phương pháp trích ly đến khả năng chiết tách các hợp chất phenolics, saponins và alkaloids từ vỏ quả ca cao (Theobroma cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56(4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Văn Tặng ◽  
Trần Thị Mỹ Hạnh ◽  
Phạm Châu An ◽  
Phan Thị Bích Trâm ◽  
Huỳnh Quốc Trung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L
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