Constructing Slow-Release Formulations of Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer Based on Degradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (32) ◽  
pp. 6745-6752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Nikolayevich Boyandin ◽  
Eugenia Andreevna Kazantseva ◽  
Daria Eugenievna Varygina ◽  
Tatiana Grigorievna Volova
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Slow Release Formulations ◽  
Nitrate Fertilizer

scholarly journals Applications of Chemically Modified Clay Minerals and Clays to Water Purification and Slow Release Formulations of Herbicides

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Tomas Undabeytia ◽  
Uri Shuali ◽  
Shlomo Nir ◽  
Baruch Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Organic Cations ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Slow Release Formulations

This review deals with modification of montmorillonite and other clay-minerals and clays by interacting them with organic cations, for producing slow release formulations of herbicides, and efficient removal of pollutants from water by filtration. Elaboration is on incorporating initially the organic cations in micelles and liposomes, then producing complexes denoted micelle- or liposome-clay nano-particles. The material characteristics (XRD, Freeze-fracture electron microscopy, adsorption) of the micelle– or liposome–clay complexes are different from those of a complex of the same composition (organo-clay), which is formed by interaction of monomers of the surfactant with the clay-mineral, or clay. The resulting complexes have a large surface area per weight; they include large hydrophobic parts and (in many cases) have excess of a positive charge. The organo-clays formed by preadsorbing organic cations with long alkyl chains were also addressed for adsorption and slow release of herbicides. Another examined approach includes “adsorptive” clays modified by small quaternary cations, in which the adsorbed organic cation may open the clay layers, and consequently yield a high exposure of the siloxane surface for adsorption of organic compounds. Small scale and field experiments demonstrated that slow release formulations of herbicides prepared by the new complexes enabled reduced contamination of ground water due to leaching, and exhibited enhanced herbicidal activity. Pollutants removed efficiently from water by the new complexes include (i) hydrophobic and anionic organic molecules, such as herbicides, dissolved organic matter; pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics and non-steroidal drugs; (ii) inorganic anions, e.g., perchlorate and (iii) microorganisms, such as bacteria, including cyanobacteria (and their toxins). Model calculations of adsorption and kinetics of filtration, and estimation of capacities accompany the survey of results and their discussion.

Validation of a fast gas chromatographic method for the study of semiochemical slow release formulations

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 962-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Heuskin ◽  
Eric Rozet ◽  
Stéphanie Lorge ◽  
Julien Farmakidis ◽  
Philippe Hubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Slow Release Formulations ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Novel highly-swellable and pH-responsive slow release formulations of clotrimazole with chitosan-g-PEG/starch microparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru ◽  
Hitler Louis ◽  
Romanus Uwaoma ◽  
Elias Emeka Elemike ◽  
Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Slow Release Formulations

Pharmacokinetic comparison of two carbamazepine slow-release formulations

2009 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Jensen ◽  
A. Møller ◽  
L. Gram ◽  
N. O. Jensen ◽  
M. Dam
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Slow Release Formulations

Absolute and Relative Bioavailability of a Slow Release Theophylline Preparation in Asthmatic Children

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-292
Author(s):  
A. L Boner ◽  
G. De Stefano ◽  
G. Vallone ◽  
M. Plebani ◽  
P. Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Relative Percentage ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Slow Release Formulations ◽  
Theophylline Preparation ◽  
Plasma Theophylline

This study was carried out on 14 asthmatic childen aged 7–13 years. They all received three preparations (aminophylline by intravenous infusion, lysine theophyllinate orally in solution and slow release theophylline orally as capsules) in a single dose of 100 mg active ingredient in a crossover design. Plasma theophylline concentrations, determined by a fluorescent polarization immunoassay, were evaluated both by compartmental and non-compartmental analysis. After administration of slow release theophylline, its maximum plasma concentration and the time needed to reach this were (± SD) 3.19 ± 0.63 μg/ml and 8.71 ± 2.30 h, respectively, compared to 4.51 ± 0.94 μg/ml and 1.96 ± 0.85 h, respectively, for the oral normal release solution. Mean absolute and relative percentage bioavailabilities for slow release theophylline in asthmatic children were (± SD) 92.7 ± 23.2% and 83.14 ± 14.69%, respectively. These are similar to the values found with other slow release formulations in paediatric patients.

Reutilization of ammonia from wastewater using cation exchange resins

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buday
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cation Exchange Resins ◽  
Nitrate Fertilizer ◽  
Exchange Resins

The paper deals with adsorption of ammonium ions from wastewater of ammonia and ammonium nitrate plant on cation exchange resins. The aim of the treatment was not only separation of ammonium ions but also their return to the technology of ammonium nitrate fertilizer. Therefore, it was desirable to obtain high concentration of eluate. The columns of cation exchangers were arranged in the so-called “coupled columns” technique. The results were obtained on the pilot scale (0.6 m3.h−1) and in full scale (50 −110 m3.h−1) plants. Nitric acid was used for the regeneration of the exhausted resins. Its concentration was in the range of 3.9 − 7.0 mol.1−1. The average ammonium concentration of the eluate was in the range of 0.95 − 2.35 mol.l−1. This parameter of the treatment process depended on the pH value of wastewater and on the concentration of the regenerant. The concentration of ammonium nitrate achieved in the eluate is sufficient for its utilization in the technology for the ammonium nitrate fertilizer production.

EFFECTS OF INSECT DEVELOPMENTAL INHIBITORS ON ADULT EMERGENCE OF BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. McKague ◽  
P. M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Slow Release Formulations ◽  
Simulium Decorum

AbstractAdult emergence of Simulium decorum and Simulium tuberosum was reduced or completely inhibited in air-agitated stream water by 0.1 p.p.m. slow release formulations of insect growth regulators. Abnormal pupae were produced when S. decorum larvae were exposed to 5 p.p.m. R20458-4E.

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