scholarly journals Dual-Element Isotope Analysis of Desphenylchloridazon to Investigate Its Environmental Fate in a Systematic Field Study: A Long-Term Lysimeter Experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3929-3939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Melsbach ◽  
Clara Torrentó ◽  
Violaine Ponsin ◽  
Jakov Bolotin ◽  
Laurence Lachat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Systematic Field

scholarly journals Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Schuhmann ◽  
Gernot Klammler ◽  
Stefan Weiss ◽  
Oliver Gans ◽  
Johann Fank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Higher Doses

The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport.

scholarly journals Human–environment interactions at a short-lived Arctic mine and the long-term response of the local tundra vegetation

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frigga Kruse ◽  
Gary R. Nobles ◽  
Martha de Jong ◽  
Rosanne M. K. van Bodegom ◽  
G. J. M. (Gert) van Oortmerssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Habitat Creation ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Visual Impact ◽  
Local Ecosystem

Abstract Arctic mining has a bad reputation because the extractive industry is often responsible for a suite of environmental problems. Yet, few studies explore the gap between untouched tundra and messy megaproject from a historical perspective. Our paper focuses on Advent City as a case study of the emergence of coal mining in Svalbard (Norway) coupled with the onset of mining-related environmental change. After short but intensive human activity (1904–1908), the ecosystem had a century to respond, and we observe a lasting impact on the flora in particular. With interdisciplinary contributions from historical archaeology, archaeozoology, archaeobotany and botany, supplemented by stable isotope analysis, we examine 1) which human activities initially asserted pressure on the Arctic environment, 2) whether the miners at Advent City were “eco-conscious,” for example whether they showed concern for the environment and 3) how the local ecosystem reacted after mine closure and site abandonment. Among the remains of typical mining infrastructure, we prioritised localities that revealed the subtleties of long-term anthropogenic impact. Significant pressure resulted from landscape modifications, the import of non-native animals and plants, hunting and fowling, and the indiscriminate disposal of waste material. Where it was possible to identify individual inhabitants, these shared an economic attitude of waste not, want not, but they did not hold the environment in high regard. Ground clearances, animal dung and waste dumps continue to have an effect after a hundred years. The anthropogenic interference with the fell field led to habitat creation, especially for vascular plants. The vegetation cover and biodiversity were high, but we recorded no exotic or threatened plant species. Impacted localities generally showed a reduction of the natural patchiness of plant communities, and highly eutrophic conditions were unsuitable for liverworts and lichens. Supplementary isotopic analysis of animal bones added data to the marine reservoir offset in Svalbard underlining the far-reaching potential of our multi-proxy approach. We conclude that although damaging human–environment interactions formerly took place at Advent City, these were limited and primarily left the visual impact of the ruins. The fell field is such a dynamic area that the subtle anthropogenic effects on the local tundra may soon be lost. The fauna and flora may not recover to what they were before the miners arrived, but they will continue to respond to new post-industrial circumstances.

Tillage effects on labile pools of soil organic nitrogen in a semi-humid climate of Argentina: A long-term field study

2017 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Martínez ◽  
Juan A. Galantini ◽  
Matias E. Duval ◽  
Fernando M. López
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Soil Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Istikhdām Al-Mutalāzimāt Al-Lafdziyyah fi Al-Ta’rīb min Al-Injilīziyyah: Dirasah Maydāniyyah Washfiyyah Tahlīliyyah Liwatsāiq Taqyīm Tholabah al-Mastir fi Al-Tarjamah bi-Jāmi’ah Al-Jazāir II

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Nabila BOUCHARIF ◽  
Fella BELMEHDI
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
The University ◽  
Limited Period

Collocations usage among translation master students in the University of Algiers II seems rather irregular when it comes to the transfer of English into Arabic. This paper examines the extent and causes of this irregularity through a descriptive field study conducted among students’ assessments. It also inquires the means to consolidate translation data towards their mother tongue first, and to spontaneously and correctly make them use collocations when translating into Arabic. This paper aims at suggesting long-term solutions for undergraduate translators’ culture widening for a future style improvement. In a nutshell, it is admitted that in order to preserve Arabic from weakness and to universally spread its culture, more consideration is to be offered to translation since it is a solid channel for a daily usage of collocations. Purposefully and consequently then, many outstanding books on collocations proved efficient when read by students in a limited period of time; the assessments, full of collocations usage, showed how fruitful the books were and how they bettered the students’ style as far as collocations are concerned.

Electrochemical Disinfection of Biologically Treated Waste for Onsite Toilet Wastewater Treatment and Recycling: A Long Term Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (52) ◽  
pp. 1512-1512
Author(s):  
Clement Cid ◽  
Siva Kumar Varigala ◽  
Meghan Hegarty-Craver ◽  
Sonia Grego ◽  
Michael Luettgen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Electrochemical Disinfection ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Persistent, Ecotoxic and Bioaccumulative Compounds and their Possible Environmental Effects

1996 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1771-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ballschmiter
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Major Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pollutant Transfer ◽  
Environmental Compartments

The relationship between physicochemical properties, environmental distribution and effects of organochlorine compounds as a major class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are discussed. The environmental fate of a compound includes its transport and dispersion in the environment as well as its accumulation and transformation in defined environmental compartments. Accumulation and transformation as the result of environmental distribution may have long-term consequences; this is indicated by the ultimate accumulation and long-term bioactivity of several widely spread organochlorines, and is clearly evident in the decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere.Depending on the order of trophic levelsbiomagnifiaction factors of 10,000 up to 100,000 are encountered for persistentsemivolatile organochlorines such as 4,4'-DDE, PCB congeners or some Toxapheneconstituents. Mammals show intra-species pollutant transfer during thelactation period. While the mother animal is partly depleting its bodyburden, the calve accumulates in a critical period of its life via themilk a concentrated input of persistent organochlorines. A similar depletionphenomenon is also found for fish and crustacean which enrich in the eggsa substantial part of the accumulated body burden of the female.The air skimming of semivolatiles by plantsurfaces leads to surprisingly high levels of pollutants in the uppersoil layers of forests that otherwise would be considered pristine interms of human activities.

scholarly journals Comparing Biological and Conventional Chemical Soil Tests in Long‐Term Tillage, Rotation, N Rate Field Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Bavougian ◽  
Charles A. Shapiro ◽  
Zachary P. Stewart ◽  
Kent M. Eskridge
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Chemical Soil
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