Ultra-Short-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Acids Including Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid in Water Connected to Known and Suspected Point Sources in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (19) ◽  
pp. 11093-11101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria K. Björnsdotter ◽  
Leo W. Y. Yeung ◽  
Anna Kärrman ◽  
Ingrid Ericson Jogsten
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid

Acid Reactions of Lignin Models of β-5 Type

Holzforschung ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Li ◽  
K. Lundquist
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Milled Wood Lignin ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Stilbene Derivative ◽  
Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Spectrometric Measurements ◽  
Adjacent Unit

Summary Refluxing of trans–2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan with dioxane-water (9 : 1) in the presence of various acid catalysts led to the formation of 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- 7-methoxy-3-methylbenzo[b]furan, the trans and cis forms of 2-hydroxy-3,3′4′-trimethoxystilbene and cis–2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan. The proportions of the products were strongly dependent on the particular acid used as catalyst. HCl and to a greater extent HBr favored the formation of the 2-arylbenzofuran (phenylcoumarone) while the trans-stilbene derivative predominated in reaction products from the experiments with trifluoromethane sulfonic acid as the catalyst. Isomerization of the starting material occurred, regardless of the nature of the catalyst (small amounts of the cis-isomer formed). The number of phenylpropane units in spruce lignin attached to an adjacent unit by a β−5 linkage was estimated to be 6–9% on the basis of 1H NMR spectrometric measurements of the formation of phenylcoumarone structures on refluxing of milled wood lignin from spruce with 0.1M HBr in dioxane-water (9 : 1).

Transesterification of short chain esters using sulfonic acid-functionalized hybrid silicas: Effect of silica morphology

2014 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Testa ◽  
Valeria La Parola ◽  
Anna Maria Venezia
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Hybrid Silicas

Strong associations of short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids with serum albumin and investigation of binding mechanisms

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2423-2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather N. Bischel ◽  
Laura A. MacManus-Spencer ◽  
Chaojie Zhang ◽  
Richard G. Luthy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Binding Mechanisms
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