Biodegradation of Polymeric Mulch Films in Agricultural Soils: Concepts, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Research Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 2304-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sander
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Mulch Films

Modeling of track geometry degradation and decisions on safety and maintenance: A literature review and possible future research directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. 1385-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Higgins ◽  
Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Railroad Track ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Maintenance Decisions ◽  
Future Research Directions

In a railroad track, the inherent and small geometrical deviations in the position of rails from their ideal design states constitute imperfections that can have a significant impact on the safety and the rate of degradation of the rail system. These deviations are measured by various technologies and further assessed using various algorithms and statistical techniques to quantify the condition of the system. This paper reviews the existing research regarding the collection of track geometry data, analysis of degradation, and the associated safety and maintenance decisions. The knowledge gaps in the existing literature are identified and possible future research directions are suggested. The review can be used as a reference by practitioners and researchers to determine optimal practices for assuring the safety of tracks.

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