scholarly journals Inhalation and Dermal Uptake of Particle and Gas-Phase Phthalates—A Human Exposure Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (21) ◽  
pp. 12792-12800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Andersen ◽  
Annette M. Krais ◽  
Axel C. Eriksson ◽  
Jonas Jakobsson ◽  
Jakob Löndahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Exposure Study ◽  
Dermal Uptake

Vascular effects of physical activity are not modified by short-term inhaled diesel exhaust: Results of a controlled human exposure study

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 109270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Koch ◽  
Ana Zelembaba ◽  
Raymond Tran ◽  
Michelle Laeremans ◽  
Benjamin Hives ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Exposure Study

Human exposure study for large scale scenarios

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zaridze ◽  
V. Jeladze ◽  
V. Tabatadze ◽  
I. Petoev ◽  
M. Prishvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Exposure Study

scholarly journals Population coverage and nonresponse bias in a large-scale human exposure study

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mosquin ◽  
Roy Whitmore ◽  
Cindy Suerken ◽  
Jim Quackenboss
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nonresponse Bias ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Exposure Study

Formaldehyde and chemosensory irritation in humans: A controlled human exposure study

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Lang ◽  
Thomas Bruckner ◽  
Gerhard Triebig
Keyword(s):  
Human Exposure ◽  
Exposure Study

scholarly journals Identification of fipronil metabolites by time-of-flight mass spectrometry for application in a human exposure study

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. McMahen ◽  
Mark J. Strynar ◽  
Sonia Dagnino ◽  
David W. Herr ◽  
Virginia C. Moser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Exposure Study ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry

scholarly journals Excretion of Urinary Metabolites of the Phthalate Esters DEP and DEHP in 16 Volunteers after Inhalation and Dermal Exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Krais ◽  
Christina Andersen ◽  
Axel Eriksson ◽  
Eskil Johnsson ◽  
Jörn Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Dermal Exposure ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Air Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dermal Uptake ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Phthalate esters are suspected endocrine disruptors that are found in a wide range of applications. The aim of this study was to determine the excretion of urinary metabolites in 16 individuals after inhalation and/or dermal exposure to 100–300 µg/m3 of deuterium-labelled diethyl phthalate (D4-DEP) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (D4-DEHP). Dermal exposure in this study represents a case with clean clothing acting as a barrier. After inhalation, D4-DEP and D4-DEHP metabolites were excreted rapidly, though inter-individual variation was high. D4-DEP excretion peaked 3.3 h (T½ of 2.1 h) after combined inhalation and dermal exposure, with total excreted metabolite levels ranging from 0.055 to 2.351 nmol/nmol/m3 (nmol of urinary metabolites per phthalates air concentration in (nmol/m3)). After dermal exposure to D4-DEP, metabolite excretion peaked 4.6 h (T½ of 2.7 h) after exposure, with excreted metabolite levels in between 0.017 and 0.223 nmol/nmol/m3. After combined inhalation and dermal exposure to D4-DEHP, the excretion of all five analysed metabolites peaked after 4.7 h on average (T½ of 4.8 h), and metabolite levels ranged from 0.072 to 1.105 nmol/nmol/m3 between participants. No dermal uptake of particle phase D4-DEHP was observed. In conclusion, the average excreted levels of metabolites after combined inhalation and dermal exposure to D4-DEP was three times higher than after combined exposure to D4-DEHP; and nine times higher than after dermal exposure of D4-DEP. This study was made possible due to the use of novel approaches, i.e., the use of labelled phthalate esters to avoid the background concentration, and innovative technique of phthalate generation, both in the particle and the gas phase.

scholarly journals Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in PM2.5, PM10, TSP and Gas Phase in Office Environment in Shanghai, China: Occurrence and Human Exposure

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0119144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Duong Minh Ngoc ◽  
Yan-Ping Duan ◽  
Zhi-Bo Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Office Environment ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers
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