scholarly journals Distribution of Extracellular Flavins in a Coastal Marine Basin and Their Relationship to Redox Gradients and Microbial Community Members

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (21) ◽  
pp. 12265-12274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle R. Monteverde ◽  
Jason B. Sylvan ◽  
Christopher Suffridge ◽  
J. Jotautas Baronas ◽  
Erin Fichot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Marine Basin ◽  
Redox Gradients

scholarly journals DISCo-microbe: design of an identifiable synthetic community of microbes

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana L. Carper ◽  
Travis J. Lawrence ◽  
Alyssa A. Carrell ◽  
Dale A. Pelletier ◽  
David J. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Ribosomal Database Project ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Dna Sequence Alignment ◽  
Diverse Community

Background Microbiomes are extremely important for their host organisms, providing many vital functions and extending their hosts’ phenotypes. Natural studies of host-associated microbiomes can be difficult to interpret due to the high complexity of microbial communities, which hinders our ability to track and identify individual members along with the many factors that structure or perturb those communities. For this reason, researchers have turned to synthetic or constructed communities in which the identities of all members are known. However, due to the lack of tracking methods and the difficulty of creating a more diverse and identifiable community that can be distinguished through next-generation sequencing, most such in vivo studies have used only a few strains. Results To address this issue, we developed DISCo-microbe, a program for the design of an identifiable synthetic community of microbes for use in in vivo experimentation. The program is composed of two modules; (1) create, which allows the user to generate a highly diverse community list from an input DNA sequence alignment using a custom nucleotide distance algorithm, and (2) subsample, which subsamples the community list to either represent a number of grouping variables, including taxonomic proportions, or to reach a user-specified maximum number of community members. As an example, we demonstrate the generation of a synthetic microbial community that can be distinguished through amplicon sequencing. The synthetic microbial community in this example consisted of 2,122 members from a starting DNA sequence alignment of 10,000 16S rRNA sequences from the Ribosomal Database Project. We generated simulated Illumina sequencing data from the constructed community and demonstrate that DISCo-microbe is capable of designing diverse communities with members distinguishable by amplicon sequencing. Using the simulated data we were able to recover sequences from between 97–100% of community members using two different post-processing workflows. Furthermore, 97–99% of sequences were assigned to a community member with zero sequences being misidentified. We then subsampled the community list using taxonomic proportions to mimic a natural plant host–associated microbiome, ultimately yielding a diverse community of 784 members. Conclusions DISCo-microbe can create a highly diverse community list of microbes that can be distinguished through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and has the ability to subsample (i.e., design) the community for the desired number of members and taxonomic proportions. Although developed for bacteria, the program allows for any alignment input from any taxonomic group, making it broadly applicable. The software and data are freely available from GitHub (https://github.com/dlcarper/DISCo-microbe) and Python Package Index (PYPI).

Selective Bacterial Community Enrichment Between the Pitcher Plants Sarracenia Minor and Sarracenia Flava

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas M. Stasulli ◽  
Scott M. Yourstone ◽  
Ilon Weinstein ◽  
Elizabeth Ademski ◽  
Elizabeth A. Shank
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Pitcher Plants ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Abstract BackgroundThe interconnected and overlapping habitats present in natural ecosystems remain a challenge in determining the forces driving microbial community composition. The cup-like leaf structures of some carnivorous plants, including the family Sarraceniaceae, are self-contained ecological habitats that represent systems for exploring such microbial ecology questions. We investigated whether Sarracenia minor and Sarracenia flava, when sampled at the same geographic location and time, cultivate unique microbiota; an indication of biotic selection of microbes due to eliminating many of the environmental variable present in other studies comparing samples harvested over several time points. ResultsDNA was extracted from the decomposing detritus trapped in the base of each Sarracenia leaf pitcher. We profiled a portion of the 16S rRNA gene across the bacterial community members present in this detritus using Illumina MiSeq technology. We identified a surprising amount of diversity within each pitcher, but also discovered that the two Sarracenia species each contained distinct, enriched microbial community members. This suggests a non-random establishment of microbial communities within these two Sarracenia species.ConclusionsOverall, our results indicate that microbial selection is occurring within the pitchers of these two closely related plant species, which is not due to factors such as geographic location, weather, or prey availability. This suggests that specific features of S. minor and S. flava may play a role in fostering specific insect-decomposing microbiomes. These naturally occurring microbial ecosystems can be developed to answer important questions about microbial community succession, disruption, and member contributions to the community. This study will help further establish carnivorous pitcher plants as a model system for studying confined, naturally occurring bacterial communities.

scholarly journals Impacts of Maize Domestication and Breeding on Rhizosphere Microbial Community Recruitment from a Nutrient Depleted Agricultural Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa L. Brisson ◽  
Jennifer E. Schmidt ◽  
Trent R. Northen ◽  
John P. Vogel ◽  
Amélie C. M. Gaudin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Maize Domestication ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Abstract Maize domestication and breeding have resulted in drastic and well documented changes in aboveground traits, but belowground effects on root system functioning and rhizosphere microbial communities remain poorly understood, despite their critical importance for nutrient and water acquisition. We investigated the rhizosphere microbial community composition and structure of ten Zea mays accessions along an evolutionary transect (two teosinte, three inbred maize lines, and five modern maize hybrids) grown in nutrient depleted soil from a low input agricultural system. Microbial community analysis revealed significant differences in community composition between soil compartments (proximal vs. distal rhizosphere) and between plant genetic groups (teosinte, inbred, and modern hybrid). Only a small portion of the microbial community was differentially selected across plant genetic groups: 3.7% of prokaryotic community members and 4.9% of fungal community members were significantly associated with a specific plant genetic group. Indicator species analysis showed the greatest differentiation between modern hybrids and the other two plant genetic groups. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that microbial co-occurrence patterns of the inbred maize lines’ rhizosphere were significantly more similar to those of the teosintes than to the modern hybrids. Our results suggest that advances in hybrid development significantly impacted rhizosphere microbial communities and network assembly.

scholarly journals Dissimilatory Metal Reduction by the Facultative Anaerobe Pantoea agglomerans SP1

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris A. Francis ◽  
Anna Y. Obraztsova ◽  
Bradley M. Tebo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Acetate Oxidation ◽  
Facultative Anaerobe ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Basin ◽  
Dissimilatory Metal Reduction

ABSTRACT Anaerobic enrichments with acetate as the electron donor and Fe(III) as the terminal electron acceptor were obtained from sediments of Salt Pond, a coastal marine basin near Woods Hole, Mass. A pure culture of a facultatively anaerobic Fe(III) reducer was isolated, and 16S rRNA analysis demonstrated that this organism was most closely related to Pantoea (formerly Enterobacter)agglomerans, a member of the familyEnterobacteriaceae within the gamma subdivision of theProteobacteria. This organism, designated strain SP1, can grow by coupling the oxidation of acetate or H2 to the reduction of a variety of electron acceptors, including Fe(III), Mn(IV), Cr(VI), and the humic substance analog 2,6-anthraquinone disulfonate, but not sulfate. To our knowledge, this is the first mesophilic facultative anaerobe reported to couple acetate oxidation to dissimilatory metal reduction.

scholarly journals Normalization of environmental metagenomic DNA enhances the discovery of under-represented microbial community members

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-B. Ramond ◽  
T.P. Makhalanyane ◽  
M.I. Tuffin ◽  
D.A. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Metagenomic Dna

scholarly journals Molybdenum dynamics in sediments of a seasonally-hypoxic coastal marine basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 466 ◽  
pp. 627-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Sulu-Gambari ◽  
Anne Roepert ◽  
Tom Jilbert ◽  
Mathilde Hagens ◽  
Filip J.R. Meysman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Marine Basin
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