Organophosphate Triesters and Diester Degradation Products in Municipal Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants in China: Spatial Patterns and Ecological Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (23) ◽  
pp. 13614-13623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingfang Fu ◽  
Bibai Du ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
James C. W. Lam ◽  
Lixi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Organophosphate Triesters

scholarly journals Albendazole Degradation Possibilities by UV-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davor Ljubas ◽  
Mirta Čizmić ◽  
Katarina Vrbat ◽  
Draženka Stipaničev ◽  
Siniša Repec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Uv Photolysis ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Pharmaceuticals are present in an aquatic environment usually in low (ng/L) concentrations. Their continuous release can lead to unwanted effects on the nontarget organisms. The main points of their collection and release into the environment are wastewater treatment plants. The wastewater treatment plants should be upgraded by new technologies, like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), to be able to degrade these new pollutants. In this study, the degradation of albendazole (ALB), a drug against parasitic helminths, was investigated using four UV-based AOPs: UV photolysis, UV photocatalysis (over TiO2 film), UV + O3, and UV + H2O2. The ranking of the degradation process degree of the ALB and its degradation products for studied processes is as follows: UV photolysis < UV photocatalysis with TiO2 < UV + O3 < UV + H2O2. The fastest degradation of ALB and its degradation products was obtained by UV-C + H2O2 process with a degradation efficiency of 99.95%, achieved in 15 minutes.

Effects of Initial pH on Bio-Hydrogen Production from Alkaline Pretreated Municipal Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Liu ◽  
Yu Fang Yu ◽  
Hong Lin ◽  
You Cai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Potential Risks

Great attention has been paid to the increasing amount of municipal sludge generated from wastewater treatment plants due to its potential risks to the surrounding environment. The municipal sludge, which mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins as well as abundant groups of microorganisms, has been proved to be a promising biological material for hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation. The tests systematically investigated the effects of initial pH on bio-hydrogen production from alkaline pretreated municipal sludge. The results showed that both hydrogenogen and methanogen were inhibited at the initial pH 2 to 4, which resulted in little hydrogen production. The methanogen inhibition was obvious by the rate of 94-98 % at the initial pH 5. The relatively high hydrogen production appeared at the initial pH 5 during the fermentation using the alkaline pretreated sludge at pH=12.0, and the corresponding pH at the end of fermentation was from 5.0 to 6.0, which was good for hydrogen production from saccharide. The hydrogenogen and methanogen could be promoted and the lag phase for hydrogen production could be shorten at the initial pH 6 to 10, however the corresponding hydrogen production was quite low. It also could be concluded that the alkaline pretreated sludge with initial pH 12.0 gave the highest hydrogen production, and the initial pH 12.0 for the alkaline pretreated sludge could inhibit methanogen growth and meanwhile maintain a high activity of the hydrogenogen.

Emissions of perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFAS) from point sources—identification of relevant branches

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clara ◽  
S. Scharf ◽  
S. Weiss ◽  
O. Gans ◽  
C. Scheffknecht
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances

Effluents of wastewater treatment plants are relevant point sources for the emission of hazardous xenobiotic substances to the aquatic environment. One group of substances, which recently entered scientific and political discussions, is the group of the perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFAS). The most studied compounds from this group are perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS), which are the most important degradation products of PFAS. These two substances are known to be persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT). In the present study, eleven PFAS were investigated in effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and in industrial wastewaters. PFOS and PFOA proved to be the dominant compounds in all sampled wastewaters. Concentrations of up to 340 ng/L of PFOS and up to 220 ng/L of PFOA were observed. Besides these two compounds, perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) was also present in nearly all effluents and maximum concentrations of up to 280 ng/L werde measured. Only N-ethylperfluorooctane sulphonamide (N-EtPFOSA) and its degradation/metabolisation product perfluorooctane sulphonamide (PFOSA) were either detected below the limit of quantification or were not even detected at all. Beside the effluents of the municipal WWTPs, nine industrial wastewaters from six different industrial branches were also investigated. Significantly, the highest emissions or PFOS were observed from metal industry whereas paper industry showed the highest PFOA emission. Several PFAS, especially perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) and PFOS are predominantly emitted from industrial sources, with concentrations being a factor of 10 higher than those observed in the municipal WWTP effluents. Perfluorodecane sulphonate (PFDS), N-Et-PFOSA and PFOSA were not detected in any of the sampled industrial point sources.

Analysis and balance of phosphorous removal from wastewater at urban wastewater treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Peter Lukac ◽  
Lubos Jurik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Mean

Abstract:Phosphorus is a major substance that is needed especially for agricultural production or for the industry. At the same time it is an important component of wastewater. At present, the waste management priority is recycling and this requirement is also transferred to wastewater treatment plants. Substances in wastewater can be recovered and utilized. In Europe (in Germany and Austria already legally binding), access to phosphorus-containing sewage treatment is changing. This paper dealt with the issue of phosphorus on the sewage treatment plant in Nitra. There are several industrial areas in Nitra where record major producers in phosphorus production in sewage. The new wastewater treatment plant is built as a mechanicalbiological wastewater treatment plant with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, sludge regeneration, an anaerobic zone for biological phosphorus removal at the beginning of the process and chemical phosphorus precipitation. The sludge management is anaerobic sludge stabilization with heating and mechanical dewatering of stabilized sludge and gas management. The aim of the work was to document the phosphorus balance in all parts of the wastewater treatment plant - from the inflow of raw water to the outflow of purified water and the production of excess sludge. Balancing quantities in the wastewater treatment plant treatment processes provide information where efficient phosphorus recovery could be possible. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. There are also two outflows - drainage of cleaned water to the recipient - the river Nitra - 9.9 kg Ptot/day and Ptot content in sewage sludge - about 120.3 kg Ptot/day - total 130.2 kg Ptot/day.

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