Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) from Nitrate Radical Oxidation of Monoterpenes: Effects of Temperature, Dilution, and Humidity on Aerosol Formation, Mixing, and Evaporation

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (14) ◽  
pp. 7831-7841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Boyd ◽  
Theodora Nah ◽  
Lu Xu ◽  
Thomas Berkemeier ◽  
Nga Lee Ng
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

scholarly journals Secondary organic aerosol formation from reaction of tertiary amines with nitrate radical

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 16585-16608 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Erupe ◽  
D. J. Price ◽  
P. J. Silva ◽  
Q. G. J. Malloy ◽  
L. Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Aerosol Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol formation from the reaction of tertiary amines with nitrate radical was investigated in an indoor environmental chamber. Particle chemistry was monitored using a high resolution aerosol mass spectrometer while gas-phase species were detected using a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer. Trimethylamine, triethylamine and tributylamine were studied. Results indicate that tributylamine forms the most aerosol mass followed by trimethylamine and triethylamine respectively. Spectra from the aerosol mass spectrometer indicate the formation of complex non-salt aerosol products. We propose a reaction mechanism that proceeds via abstraction of a proton by nitrate radical followed by RO2 chemistry. Rearrangement of the aminyl alkoxy radical through hydrogen shift leads to the formation of hydroxylated amides, which explain most of the higher mass ions in the mass spectra. These experiments show that oxidation of tertiary amines by nitrate radical may be an important night-time source of secondary organic aerosol.

Trimethylamine as Precursor to Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation via Nitrate Radical Reaction in the Atmosphere

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (13) ◽  
pp. 4689-4696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Silva ◽  
Mark E. Erupe ◽  
Derek Price ◽  
John Elias ◽  
Quentin G. J. Malloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Radical Reaction ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

scholarly journals Substantial secondary organic aerosol formation in a coniferous forest: observations of both day and night time chemistry

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (20) ◽  
pp. 28005-28035 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Y. Lee ◽  
J. P. D. Abbatt ◽  
W. R. Leaitch ◽  
S.-M. Li ◽  
S. J. Sjostedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Radical Chemistry ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Gas Phase Oxidation

Abstract. Substantial biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) formation was investigated in a coniferous forest mountain region at Whistler, British Columbia. A largely biogenic aerosol growth episode was observed, providing a unique opportunity to investigate BSOA formation chemistry in a forested environment with limited influence from anthropogenic emissions. Positive matrix factorization of aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement identified two types of BSOA (BSOA-1 and BSOA-2), which were primarily generated by gas-phase oxidation of monoterpenes and perhaps sesquiterpenes. The temporal variations of BSOA-1 and BSOA-2 can be explained by gas-particle partitioning in response to ambient temperature and the relative importance of different oxidation mechanisms between day and night. While BSOA-1 will arise from gas-phase ozonolysis and nitrate radical chemistry at night, BSOA-2 is less volatile than BSOA-1 and consists of products formed via gas-phase oxidation by the OH radical and ozone during the day. Organic nitrates produced through nitrate radical chemistry can account for 22–33 % of BSOA-1 mass at night. The mass spectra of BSOA-1 and BSOA-2 have higher values of the mass fraction of m/z 91 (f91) compared to the background organic aerosol, and so f91 is used as an indicator of BSOA formation pathways. A comparison between laboratory studies in the literature and our field observations highlights the potential importance of gas-phase formation chemistry of BSOA-2 type materials that may not be captured in smog chamber experiments, perhaps due to the wall loss of gas-phase intermediate products.

scholarly journals Substantial secondary organic aerosol formation in a coniferous forest: observations of both day- and nighttime chemistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 6721-6733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex K. Y. Lee ◽  
Jonathan P. D. Abbatt ◽  
W. Richard Leaitch ◽  
Shao-Meng Li ◽  
Steve J. Sjostedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Radical Chemistry ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Gas Phase Oxidation

Abstract. Substantial biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) formation was investigated in a coniferous forest mountain region in Whistler, British Columbia. A largely biogenic aerosol growth episode was observed, providing a unique opportunity to investigate BSOA formation chemistry in a forested environment with limited influence from anthropogenic emissions. Positive matrix factorization of aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement identified two types of BSOA (BSOA-1 and BSOA-2), which were primarily generated by gas-phase oxidation of monoterpenes and perhaps sesquiterpenes. The temporal variations of BSOA-1 and BSOA-2 can be explained by gas–particle partitioning in response to ambient temperature and the relative importance of different oxidation mechanisms between day and night. While BSOA-1 arises from gas-phase ozonolysis and nitrate radical chemistry at night, BSOA-2 is likely less volatile than BSOA-1 and consists of products formed via gas-phase oxidation by OH radical and ozone during the day. Organic nitrates produced through nitrate radical chemistry can account for 22–33 % of BSOA-1 mass at night. The mass spectra of BSOA-1 and BSOA-2 have higher values of the mass fraction of m/z 91 (f91) compared to the background organic aerosol. Using f91 to evaluate BSOA formation pathways in this unpolluted, forested region, heterogeneous oxidation of BSOA-1 is a minor production pathway of BSOA-2.

scholarly journals Mechanism of the hydroxyl radical oxidation of methacryloyl peroxynitrate (MPAN) and its pathway toward secondary organic aerosol formation in the atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (27) ◽  
pp. 17914-17926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran B. Nguyen ◽  
Kelvin H. Bates ◽  
John D. Crounse ◽  
Rebecca H. Schwantes ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Alkyl Radical ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation ◽  
Phase Chemistry

The photooxidation of MPAN forms an energetic alkyl radical that promptly cyclizes, producing an α-lactone that participates in particle-phase chemistry.

scholarly journals Nitrate radical oxidation of <i>γ</i>-terpinene: hydroxy nitrate, total organic nitrate, and secondary organic aerosol yields

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 8635-8650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Slade ◽  
Chloé de Perre ◽  
Linda Lee ◽  
Paul B. Shepson
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Organic Nitrate ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Nitrate Radical ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Abstract. Polyolefinic monoterpenes represent a potentially important but understudied source of organic nitrates (ONs) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) following oxidation due to their high reactivity and propensity for multi-stage chemistry. Recent modeling work suggests that the oxidation of polyolefinic γ-terpinene can be the dominant source of nighttime ON in a mixed forest environment. However, the ON yields, aerosol partitioning behavior, and SOA yields from γ-terpinene oxidation by the nitrate radical (NO3), an important nighttime oxidant, have not been determined experimentally. In this work, we present a comprehensive experimental investigation of the total (gas + particle) ON, hydroxy nitrate, and SOA yields following γ-terpinene oxidation by NO3. Under dry conditions, the hydroxy nitrate yield  =  4(+1/−3) %, total ON yield  =  14(+3/−2) %, and SOA yield  ≤  10 % under atmospherically relevant particle mass loadings, similar to those for α-pinene + NO3. Using a chemical box model, we show that the measured concentrations of NO2 and γ-terpinene hydroxy nitrates can be reliably simulated from α-pinene + NO3 chemistry. This suggests that NO3 addition to either of the two internal double bonds of γ-terpinene primarily decomposes forming a relatively volatile keto-aldehyde, reconciling the small SOA yield observed here and for other internal olefinic terpenes. Based on aerosol partitioning analysis and identification of speciated particle-phase ON applying high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, we estimate that a significant fraction of the particle-phase ON has the hydroxy nitrate moiety. This work greatly contributes to our understanding of ON and SOA formation from polyolefin monoterpene oxidation, which could be important in the northern continental US and the Midwest, where polyolefinic monoterpene emissions are greatest.

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