Role of Inherent Inorganic Constituents in SO2 Sorption Ability of Biochars Derived from Three Biomass Wastes

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (23) ◽  
pp. 12957-12965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Xu ◽  
Daxuan Huang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Yue Kan ◽  
Xinde Cao
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Inorganic Constituents

scholarly journals Measured and modeled humidification factors of fresh smoke particles from biomass burning: role of inorganic constituents

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 6179-6194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Hand ◽  
D. E. Day ◽  
G. M. McMeeking ◽  
E. J. T. Levin ◽  
C. M. Carrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Biomass Smoke ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Inorganic Species ◽  
Inorganic Constituents ◽  
Hygroscopic Particles

Abstract. During the 2006 FLAME study (Fire Laboratory at Missoula Experiment), laboratory burns of biomass fuels were performed to investigate the physico-chemical, optical, and hygroscopic properties of fresh biomass smoke. As part of the experiment, two nephelometers simultaneously measured dry and humidified light scattering coefficients (bsp(dry) and bsp(RH), respectively) in order to explore the role of relative humidity (RH) on the optical properties of biomass smoke aerosols. Results from burns of several biomass fuels from the west and southeast United States showed large variability in the humidification factor (f(RH)=bsp(RH)/bsp(dry)). Values of f(RH) at RH=80–85% ranged from 0.99 to 1.81 depending on fuel type. We incorporated measured chemical composition and size distribution data to model the smoke hygroscopic growth to investigate the role of inorganic compounds on water uptake for these aerosols. By assuming only inorganic constituents were hygroscopic, we were able to model the water uptake within experimental uncertainty, suggesting that inorganic species were responsible for most of the hygroscopic growth. In addition, humidification factors at 80–85% RH increased for smoke with increasing inorganic salt to carbon ratios. Particle morphology as observed from scanning electron microscopy revealed that samples of hygroscopic particles contained soot chains either internally or externally mixed with inorganic potassium salts, while samples of weak to non-hygroscopic particles were dominated by soot and organic constituents. This study provides further understanding of the compounds responsible for water uptake by young biomass smoke, and is important for accurately assessing the role of smoke in climate change studies and visibility regulatory efforts.

The Role of Carotenoid Pigments in Cr(VI) Tolerance, Biosorption and Bioaccumulation by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UCM Y-1776 and its Mutants

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olag G. Mameeva ◽  
T.P. Kasatkina ◽  
V.S. Podgorsky
Keyword(s):  
Wild Strain ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Chromium Toxicity ◽  
Living Biomass ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
White Mutant ◽  
Chromium Uptake ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

To compare Cr (VI) tolerance, biosorption and bioaccumulation for initial carotenoidsproducing yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UCM Y-1776 and its mutants, twenty stable mutants with various intensity of colors were obtained using nitrosoguanidine (NSG). The ultraviolet was found to be inefficient as a mutagen in our study. Light- and non-pigmented mutants (4L and 2) demonstrated a significant growth inhibition by 30 mg/l Cr (VI) whereas wild strain was able to grow at much higher chromium concentrations (500 mg/l). Cr (VI) sorption ability of R. mucilaginosa UCM Y-1776 was higher than those of mutants. Cr (VI) sorption/uptake parameters (Qmax, b) were found to be close for initial pink-pigmented R. mucilaginosa UCM Y-1776 (Qmax = 950 5M/g), and its light-pigmented mutant 4L (Qmax = 678 5M/g) and non-pigmented mutant 2 (Qmax = 790 5M/g) by non-living biomass. Non-pigmented “white” mutant 2 showed the highest ability to sorb chromium ions by living biomass (Qmax = 1020 mmol/g). The least chromiumtolerant light-pigmented (mutant 4L) and non-pigmented yeasts showed the highest chromium uptake for living biomass. The results showed that the presence of carotenoids did not affect Cr (VI) ions sorption by yeast biomass which could highlight significance of chitin and glucan-mannoprotein complex in chromium biosorption. However pigment absence increased Cr (VI) bioaccumulation by living yeast demonstrating the protective role of carotenoids against hexavalent chromium toxicity.

scholarly journals Measured and modeled humidification factors of fresh smoke particles from biomass burning: role of inorganic constituents

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 4225-4269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Hand ◽  
D. E. Day ◽  
G. M. McMeeking ◽  
E. J. T. Levin ◽  
C. M. Carrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Biomass Smoke ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Inorganic Species ◽  
Inorganic Constituents ◽  
Hygroscopic Particles

Abstract. During the 2006 FLAME study (Fire Laboratory at Missoula Experiment), laboratory burns of biomass fuels were performed to investigate the physico-chemical, optical, and hygroscopic properties of fresh biomass smoke. As part of the experiment, two nephelometers simultaneously measured dry and humidified light scattering coefficients (bsp(dry) and bsp(RH), respectively) in order to explore the role of relative humidity (RH) on the optical properties of biomass smoke aerosols. Results from burns of several biomass fuels showed large variability in the humidification factor (f(RH)=bsp(RH)/bsp(dry)). Values of f(RH) at RH=85–90% ranged from 1.02 to 2.15 depending on fuel type. We incorporated measured chemical composition and size distribution data to model the smoke hygroscopic growth to investigate the role of inorganic and organic compounds on water uptake for these aerosols. By assuming only inorganic constituents were hygroscopic, we were able to model the water uptake within experimental uncertainty, suggesting that inorganic species were responsible for most of the hygroscopic growth. In addition, humidification factors at 85–90% RH increased for smoke with increasing inorganic salt to carbon ratios. Particle morphology as observed from scanning electron microscopy revealed that samples of hygroscopic particles contained soot chains either internally or externally mixed with inorganic potassium salts, while samples of weak to non-hygroscopic particles were dominated by soot and organic constituents. This study provides further understanding of the compounds responsible for water uptake by young biomass smoke, and is important for accurately assessing the role of smoke in climate change studies and visibility regulatory efforts.

scholarly journals Copper(I) π-complexes with allyl derivatives of heterocyclic compounds: structural survey of their crystal engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1875-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurii Slyvka ◽  
Evgeny Goreshnik ◽  
Oleksii Pavlyuk ◽  
Marian Mys’kiv
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Π Complex ◽  
Complex Preparation ◽  
Preparation Route ◽  
Inorganic Constituents ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Crystallochemical Analysis

AbstractIn this review an exhaustive crystallochemical analysis of copper(I) π-complexes with allyl derivatives of heterocyclic compounds has been performed. Structural genesis of inorganic constituents starting from the simplest units to the most complicated aggregates was considered taking into account the specific role of Cu-(C=C) interaction, the construction of the organic ligands, the basicity and nucleophilic activity of their heteroatoms, as well as olefin Cu(I) π-complex preparation route.

scholarly journals Mechanochemical Synthesis of Composite Magnetic Materials on the Basis of Quartz-Containing Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
N.N. Mofa ◽  
Z.A. Mansurov
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
High Water ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Magnetic Adsorbent ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
The Matrix

Mechanochemical treatment of quartz and its mixtures with ash-slag and iron oxides in the presence of various modifying organic additives was carried out. Quartz and mixtures based on it exhibit ferromagnetic properties and are distinguished by good sorption ability toward organic substances. Crystalline silica assumes the role of the matrix during development of structure and functional properties of the magnetic adsorbent. It was found, that the polymer film, which is used to cover the quartz particles, includes regions with embedded iron nanoparticles as well as other regions enriched with active carbon. The synthesized sorbents were used to collect petroleum spill over water; high water purification degree<br />(up to 98 %) was achieved.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document